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10.31静态路由的扩展配置
2022-07-27 17:11:00 【拥抱mo mo】
静态路由的扩展配置:
1、环回接口–设备上用于测试TCP/IP协议栈能否正常工作的接口,默认不存在,需要手工配置
[r1]interface LoopBack 1 //创建环回接口
[r2-LoopBack1]ip address 10.1.1.1 24
2、手工汇总–去往多个可以汇总的网段,且具有相同的下一跳时,可以直接写成
汇总路由。
[r2]ip route-static 10.1.0.0 22 172.16.32.1
汇总目标网段
3、路由黑洞–在汇总之后,汇总网段会包含网络中不存在的网络,导致流量有去无回
4、缺省路由–一个不指定具体目标网络范围的路由条目,目标使用0.0.0.0/0代替,一般
路由器在查询路由表时,先查直连路由,再查静态路由、动态路由,若依然没有去往
目标的路径,才选择此缺省路由条目
5、空接口路由–在黑洞路由器上配置关于汇总网段的空接口路由,防止路由黑洞&缺省路由所带来的环路
[r1]ip route-static 10.1.0.0 22 NULL 0
空接口
、浮动静态路由
route flage;
Static routing table status :
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
Pre:优先级,范围0-255,默认静态路由的优先级为60,表示一条路径的可信度,数字越小
可信度越高
Cost:开销(度量值),衡量一条路径的优劣程度,数字越小越优秀
去往一个目标网段,若有多条路径可选的话,会先查看这些路径的优先级,小优;若优先级一样
再查看Cost,小优;若依然一样,则此多条路径全部加载到路由表中,实现负载均衡。
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 192.168.1.1 preference 100
优先级
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