Spend a week painstakingly sorting out the interview questions and answers of high-frequency software testing / automated testing

Preface ：

It's getting closer and closer to our golden nine and silver ten , Many friends are also looking for new jobs , Here is an interview question for you. First of all, I wish you a smooth interview , At the end of the article, there are also a large number of interview questions for software testing and automated testing .

【 The end of the article leaves a lot of benefits for everyone 】

 

#01

How to make a test plan ？

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Reference point

1. Have experience in developing test plans

2. Have the ability to reasonably arrange tests

3. Do you have the ability to output documents

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Interview hit rate

  80%

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Refer to the answer

The test plan includes test objectives 、 Test range 、 Description of the test environment 、 Description of test type （ function , Security , performance , stability ）、 Testing tools 、 The division of modules 、 Test leader 、 Schedule of test execution rounds 、 The location of related documents in the document management library 、 The risk of testing . The module division needs to be allocated according to the tester's familiarity with the business and personal ability , The estimation of workload needs to be based on the experience of previous tests , Combined with the modification of this requirement , The test volume can be roughly estimated

#02

APP Testing and web What's the difference between tests ？

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Reference point

1. Mastery of various test types  

2. Knowledge of testing theory

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Interview hit rate

  90%

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Refer to the answer

Web The type of end test and mobile test are basically similar , All need functional testing 、 Performance testing 、 Safety test , They mainly distinguish web The end is usually b/s framework , browser-based ,app yes c/s framework , There are clients .

(1) From the perspective of system architecture ：web Test as long as the server side is updated , The client will update synchronously ; And if it is app The server side has been modified , It means that all the core versions used by client users need to be regression tested again .

(2) Client performance ：Web The client may only focus on response time ;App We should also care about traffic 、 Electric quantity 、cpu、 etc. ;

(3) Compatibility ：Web Browser based , So it's more browser oriented （IE、Chrome、firefox） And computer hardware , Compatibility of computer system direction ;App The test has to rely on the phone or pad, It's not just the resolution 、 Frequency mesh size 、 It's important to look at the equipment system .

#03

Find a bug, How to position it is APP The problem of the end or the service side ？

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Reference point

1. Examine your understanding of the basics of testing

2. To investigate the ability of troubleshooting in practical work

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Interview hit rate

  85%

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Refer to the answer

1、 Caught analysis   Through the client packet capture , Analyze whether the data returned by the server meets the expectation , If it's the right data server , That's the problem with the client  

2、 Log analysis   You can view the client by / Server log , Analyze whether there is abnormal log information , To determine the specific reason

#04

Use one SQL sentence Find out that each course is larger than 80 The student's name . surface scores as follows ：

name     course    score

Zhang San         Chinese language and literature          81

Zhang San         mathematics          75

Li Si         Chinese language and literature          76

Li Si         mathematics       90

Wang Wu         mathematics          100

Wang Wu         English    90

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Reference point

1. Database query

2. Aggregate functions

3.having Screening

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Interview hit rate

  89%

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Refer to the answer

The minimum score of students is greater than 80, Then you can find that each course is greater than 80 The student's name

select name,min(score) from scores group by name having min(scor

e)>80);

#05

SQL What are the common aggregate functions in ？

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Reference point

1. Investigate SQL Basic ability

2. Look at common database functions

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Interview hit rate

  90%

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Refer to the answer

max()： Maximum

min()： minimum value

avg()： Average

sum()： Sum up

count()： Count the total

#06

Primary key 、 The difference between foreign key and index ？

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Reference point

Understanding of common database indexes

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Interview hit rate

  90%

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Refer to the answer

1） Definition

Primary key ： Uniquely identify a record , There can be no repetition , Not allowed to be empty

Foreign keys ： The foreign key of a table is the primary key of another table , Foreign keys can have duplicate , It can be null

Indexes ： There are no duplicate values for this field , But there can be a null value

2） effect

Primary key ： To ensure data integrity

Foreign keys ： Used to make connections with other tables

Indexes ： Improve the speed of query sorting

3） Number

Primary key ： There can only be one

Foreign keys ： A table can have multiple foreign keys

Indexes ： A table can have multiple indexes

#07

Say something that is commonly used in a few jobs Linux command ？

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Reference point

1. Check whether there is Linux Use experience  

2. The investigation is right Linux Degree of familiarity

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Interview hit rate

  95%

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Refer to the answer

• cd： Toggle directory

• ls： View the list of files

• cp： Copy files  

• mv： Moving files  

• rm： Delete file  

• chmod： Set file permissions  

• cat： Browse the contents of the file  

• vi： File editing  

• find： Search for files  

• grep： Filter file content

#08

Used to docker Do you ？ frequently-used docker What are the orders ？

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Reference point

1. Investigate Devopts Related technology

2. Inspect whether it has docker Practical experience

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Interview hit rate

 95%

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Refer to the answer

docker pull： Pull the mirror image  

docker images： View local image  

docker run： Run image as container  

docker ps： View the running container  

docker logs： View container log  

docker cp： Copy the container file  

docker start/stop/restart： start-up 、 stop it 、 Restart container

#09

linux Check out /web.log The first 25 What's in the third column of the row ？

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Reference point

1. View the specified rows and columns in the file content

2. Commonly used file commands

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Interview hit rate

  70%

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Refer to the answer

The three commonly used implementation methods are as follows ：

sed  -n  25p  /web.log | cut -d " " -f3

head  -n25  /web.log  |  tail  -n1  | cut  -d  " "  -f3

awk  -F " "  'NR==25{print $3}'  /web.log

#10

pytest How to realize parameterization ？

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Reference point

pytest Understanding of parameterization

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Interview hit rate

  90%

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Refer to the answer

Use @pytest.mark.parametrize Decorator

Example ：

@pytest.mark.parametrize(' Receive parameter name in string form ', [( Parameters 1-1, ' Parameters 2-1'), ( Parameters 1-2, ' Parameters 2-2')],ids=[' The first 1 The case name corresponding to the parameter ', ' The first 2 The case name corresponding to the parameter '])

@pytest.mark.parametrize('goods_id,stock,exp', [(12, 1, ' Missing specification '), (' Product id ', '1', ' The item does not exist or has been deleted ')],ids=[' Do not fill in specifications and parameters for additional purchase ', ' The item number is an outlier '])

#11

What is? PO Pattern ,Po What are the advantages of the model ？

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Reference point

1.po Pattern theory

2.po Mode layered thinking

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Interview hit rate

  80%

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Refer to the answer

Page object model (PageObject) It's a design pattern , Used to write and maintain automated tests

Po The advantages of patterns ：

1、PO It provides a mode of separating business process from page element operation , This makes the test code clearer .

2、 Separation of page objects and use cases , Makes us better reuse objects .

3、 Reusable page method code will become more optimized

4、 A more effective naming method makes it easier for us to know what the method operates UI Elements

How to write PO Pattern ：

1. Abstract every page

2. Elements in the page are not exposed , Only the method of reporting error operation elements

3. Pages should not have cumbersome inheritance relationships

4. Not all elements in the page need to involve , Nuclear business elements are used for modeling

5. Divide the page into functional modules , stay Page Methods to realize these functions in

#12

Use jmeter How to do the connection between interfaces ？

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Reference point

1. Are you familiar with jmeter

2. Are you familiar with the associated business scenarios

3. Be proficient in associating the components used

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Interview hit rate

  85%

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Refer to the answer

Interface Association means that one interface should use the return value of another interface as a parameter , stay jmeter There are different processing components for different response data formats in ,

json Adoption of format json Extractor ,
xml perhaps html Adoption of format xpath Extractor ,

Other formats can use regular expression extractor ,

BeanShell The post processor can also extract the response content from the response result , After extracting the required content through these components , Reference variables in the interface to be associated to complete the association

#13

Tell me what you know HTTP Status code , And what they mean ？

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Reference point

1. Examine job seekers' perceptions of HTTP Whether the agreement has a certain understanding

2. Common in investigation work HTTP The meaning of the status code

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Interview hit rate

 90%

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Refer to the answer

200（ The request is successful ）

302（ Redirect ）

400（Bad Request/ Wrong request ）

401（Unauthorized/ unauthorized ）

403（Forbidden/ prohibit ）

404（Not Found/ Not found ）

405（Method Not Allowed/ Method does not allow ）

500（Internal Server Error/ Internal server error ）

502（Bad Gateway/ Wrong gateway ）

503（Service Unavailable/ Service is not available ）

504（Gateway Timeout/ gateway timeout ）

#14

Tcp Three handshake process ？

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Reference point

1. Investigate the theoretical basis of network protocol

2. Investigate Tcp Link creation process

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Interview hit rate

  95%

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Refer to the answer

The first handshake ： When establishing a connection , The client sends syn package （syn=j） To the server , And enter SYN_SENT state , Wait for server to confirm

The second handshake ： Server received syn package , Must confirm customer's SYN（ack=j+1）, At the same time, I also send a SYN package （syn=k）, namely SYN+ACK package , At this time, the server enters SYN_RECV state

The third handshake ： Client receives server's SYN+ACK package , Send confirmation package to server ACK(ack=k+1）, This package has been sent , Client and server access ESTABLISHED（TCP Successful connection ） state , Complete three handshakes .

#15

http and https The difference between ？

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Reference point

http The protocol and https agreement

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Interview hit rate

  95%

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Refer to the answer

HTTP: Hypertext transfer protocol , It is a standard for client-side and server-side requests and responses .

HTTPS: It's about security HTTP passageway ,HTTP Security version of ,HTTP Lower join SSL layer ,HTTPS The safety basis of SSL, So the details of encryption need to be SSL.

Their differences are as follows ：

1. HTTP Information is transmitted in clear text , and HTTPS Is safe Having security ssl The encrypted

2. HTTP The standard port is  80 , and HTTPS The standard port for is  443

3. HTTP  No certificate required , and HTTPS  Certification required . Need to CA Apply for a certificate , Generally, there are fewer free certificates , So there is a certain cost .

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