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DNA偶联PbSe量子点|近红外硒化铅PbSe量子点修饰脱氧核糖核酸DNA|PbSe-DNA QDs
2022-07-27 05:31:00 【qiyueshengwu】
DNA偶联PbSe量子点|近红外硒化铅PbSe量子点修饰脱氧核糖核酸DNA|PbSe-DNA QDs
脱氧核糖核酸(英文DeoxyriboNucleic Acid,缩写为DNA)是生物细胞内含有的四种生物大分子之一核酸的一种。
DNA的主要类别
1.单链DNA(single-stranded DNA)大部分DNA以双螺旋结构存在,但一经热或碱处理就会变为单链状态。单链DNA就是指以这种状态存在的DNA。单链DNA在分子流体力学性质、吸收光谱、碱基反应性质等方面都和双链DNA不同。某些噬菌体粒子内含有单链环状的DNA,这样的噬菌体DNA在细胞内增殖时则形成双链DNA。
2.闭环DNA(closed circular DNA)没有断口的双链环状DNA,亦称为超螺旋DNA。由于具有螺旋结构的双链各自闭合,结果使整个DNA分子进一步旋曲而形成三级结构。另外如果一条或二条链的不同部位上产生一个断口,就会成为无旋曲的开环DNA分子。从细胞中提取出来的质粒或病毒DNA都含有闭环和开环这二种分子。可根据两者与色素结合能力的不同,而将两者分离开来。
3.垃圾DNA(Junk DNA)是指生物体内不翻译成蛋白质的DNA,过去多认为它们无用,所以称为垃圾DNA 。

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小编axc,2022.07.25
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