[today in history] June 5: Lovelace and Babbage met; The pioneer of public key cryptography was born; Functional language design pioneer born

Arrangement | Wang Qilong

through 「 Today in history 」, Look at the future from the past , You can change the future from now on .

It's today 2022 year 6 month 5 Japan , World Environment Day .1972 year 6 month 5 solstice 16 Japan , The United Nations Conference on the human environment was held in Stockholm , At the meeting 《 The human environment 》, And will 6 month 5 Japanese act “ World Environment Day ”. The United Nations uses this day to encourage global residents to raise environmental awareness and take environmental action , Mankind has a solemn responsibility to ensure and improve the environment for this generation and generations to come . The birth of world environment day has protected the future of the environment , Looking back on the history of science and Technology 6 month 5 Japan , There was also a key event on this day , Determines the technological process we use today .

1833 year 6 month 5 Japan ： ADA meets Babbage , The meeting of the two laid the foundation for the spread of the analyzer

Picture source ： Wikipedia

1833 year 6 month 5 Japan , ADA, the daughter of Byron the poet · Byron , The future Countess Lovelace , I met Charles for the first time in England · Babbage . Babbage 19 The th century was famous for designing early computer prototypes , He was in 1823 Completed the design of the differential machine in , And in 1834 Completed the drawing of the analyzer in . Although Babbage because of the economy 、 Social reasons 、 For various reasons, such as power struggle and personal character, the construction of difference machine and analysis machine has not been completed , but 1833 This meeting in enabled him to add ADA, a young close friend and female student ; ADA wrote the world's first computer program , And published a description of Babbage's work , Opened the first chapter of computer history .

Ida realized more clearly than Babbage himself that the analyzer is not only a machine for processing numbers , It's a machine that processes information ： Analysis machine and simple “ Computing machine ” There is no common ground , It has its place …… We may say appropriately , Analysis of woven algebraic patterns , Just as jacquard looms weave flowers and leaves .

——《 Brief history of information 》, James · By Greg

1833 year ,17 ADA met Charles at a party · Babbage . Charles is Benjamin the banker · Babbage and Elizabeth · One of the four children born to tip , He was in 1816 He joined the Royal Society , And in 1828 - 1839 In, he served as chairman of Lucas mathematics at Cambridge University . therefore , We can easily think of , This is a gathering of nobles . This year , Britain has not yet entered the Victorian period , Science is not an established profession , Babbage, like many of his contemporaries , It's a “ Gentleman scientist ”—— That is, an independent and wealthy amateur , Be able to support your interests in your own way .1813 - 1868 Year , He has published six long works and nearly 90 papers , He is a prolific inventor 、 Mathematician 、 scientists 、 Critics of the reform of scientific institutions and political economists .

Let's go back to 1833 This fateful gathering in , At the party , When Babbage showed her the small working part of the engine , ADA · Byron was fascinated . This noble girl discovered the charm of machinery for the first time , Interrupted his marriage arrangements and mathematical research .1843 year , She published the Italian engineer Luigi Menabrea A French translation of an article on the analysis engine , Ida added a lot of her own comments to it ; The notes include the first published description of a sequence of step-by-step operations to solve certain mathematical problems . IDA is often called the world's “ The first programmer ”, She worked very closely with Babbage , Therefore, many biographers have been arguing about the extent and originality of ADA's contribution in the past hundred years . But there's no doubt about it , The efforts of these two people , It has made the initial contribution to the advancement of the computer wave 、 An indelible contribution .

source ： Wikipedia 、《 Brief history of information 》

1930 year 6 month 5 Japan ： Pioneer in functional language design Peter Landin born

Picture source ： Wikipedia Peter Landin（ Right ） And Robin Milner、Tony Hoare and Joe Stoy

Peter · John · Randing （Peter John Landin） Born in 1930 year 6 month 5 Japan , He is a computer scientist in England , Alonzo was first proposed · Qiu Qi's λ Calculus can be used as a model for computer programming languages , This later became the basis of functional language programming and denotational semantics . One of randing's most important papers 《The next 700 programming languages》 It has a far-reaching impact on the later study of programming language , The reason why he chose “700” This number , It is said that it is because randing is 《ACM Periodical 》 I read an article on that time that there had been 700 A programming language .

Randing grew up in Sheffield, England , I studied at Edward VII school in high school , I graduated from Clare College, Cambridge University . stay 1960 Year to 1964 Year , He became. Christopher · Strech assistant , At that time, strech was working as an independent computer consultant in London . Most of randing's achievements were published in this period , And later participated in the Massachusetts Institute of technology UNIVAC A brief period of work .1965 Years later, , Randing got a teaching job at Queen Mary University in London .70 S to 80 years , His main energy was devoted to the creation of the computer science department at Queen Mary University in London 、 Curriculum and teaching . After he retired , He won the title of honorary professor of theoretical computing at Queen Mary University in London .2012 year , The computer science building of Queen Mary University in London is named after him .

2001 year , At a conference on formal semantics of procedural languages at the science museum in London （ This article comes from this conference ）, Randing reviewed his academic career .

His computer science research began with 20 century 50 years , At that time he was greatly influenced by John · McCarthy's LISP The influence of language , And the programming language he himself uses most is Fortran.60 years , Randing is ALGOL The standardization of programming language plays a driving role ; Turing prize winner Tony · Hall said he had taught himself ALGOL 60 One of the people who speak .1964 year , Randing put forward the concept of closure . This concept was later Scheme Language implementation , It has gradually become an important concept in functional language programming . Randing also designed SECD Abstract machine , This is the first well-defined abstract process virtual machine ; stay SECD Based on the abstract machine, he designed ISWIM Language , Defines his offside rule theory , And put forward the concept of grammatical sugar for the first time .

source ： Wikipedia

1944 year 6 month 5 Japan ： Pioneer of public key cryptography Bailey Diffie born

Picture source ： Wikipedia

Bailey · Whitfield · Di fe （Bailey Whitfield Diffie） Born in 1944 year 6 month 5 Japan , His nickname is white · Di fe （Whit Diffie）, From Washington, D.C . Duffy is a cryptographer , Great contribution to public key encryption technology ; He once proposed that Duffy - Herman key exchange , And therefore get 2015 Turing Award . His father Bailey · Wiley · Duffy is a historian , Specializing in Iberian and Latin American history , Taught at the City College of New York . His mother Justin · Louise · Whitfield is also a scholar .

Duffy was born in Washington, D.C , Grew up in New York City , from 10 I have been interested in cryptography since I was 20 . The university enters the Massachusetts Institute of technology , Major in Mathematics ,1965 Bachelor of Science in . Then I went to Stanford University for graduate school .1992 He received the honorary doctor's degree from the Federal Institute of technology in Zurich, Switzerland .1975 - 1976 Year , Duffy and Martin · Herman Jointly study the encryption mechanism . stay 1976 year , They jointly published papers 《 New Directions in Cryptography 》（New Directions in Cryptography）, The encryption methods they mentioned in this paper , That is, the later Duffy － Herman key exchange （Diffie–Hellman key exchange） agreement .

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