Interpreting the new ecology of education in maker space

The concept of maker space is broad and diverse , Community 、 Business 、 Colleges and universities 、 Libraries are building maker spaces , Provide an integrated platform for innovation and innovation transformation and entrepreneurship incubation . Maker space originated from Europe and America DIY A country with a popular culture , A lot of people use “ The garage ” Private space , Make some equipment to solve practical problems . Anderson is in 《 maker • The new industrial revolution 》 At the beginning of the book, his grandfather used the garage to make the original model , Complete various mechanical systems and apply for patents . With the birth of Internet technology , Digital manufacturing and personal manufacturing are integrated , Maker space has developed into a combination of innovation and entrepreneurship 、 Combination of online and offline 、 A workspace combining incubation and investment 、 cyberspace 、 Social space and resource sharing space .

Taken together , Maker space has three characteristics ： First, open source sharing , Provide makers with various digital tools to design product models ; Second, cooperation and co creation （Co, Makers share their design works , Carry out product co creation ; Third, cross-border self-made , By electron 、 Design 、 Self made maker space in computer and other fields , Makers not only acquire knowledge and skills , What is more important is to gain cross-border practical experience and innovation .

The above three features mean that the maker space is not an ordinary laboratory or activity space , It is an innovation 2.0 Socialization under the mode 、 There is a space for practice and innovation that is civilian and grass-roots . Through the resource opening and technology accessibility of maker space , Makers can carry out collaborative co creation and cross-border manufacturing . Internet + The rapid spread of manufacturing , It also serves as a space for makers “ make by oneself ” Added potential . For Education , It helps to realize the emphasis on innovative learning DIY、 Experiential and design learning ; For the industry , It is an important platform for innovation and entrepreneurship incubation ; For the community , It can promote sharing 、 Equal social culture ; For society , It is the folk carrier of knowledge innovation . The characteristics and value of maker space .

Makers enhance teaching （ It refers to the use of various maker spaces and resources , Set up relevant maker courses , Cultivate students' maker skills and literacy . This is the human guiding strategy for the school to carry out maker education . This strategy is actually from the perspective of Maker Teaching , In existing IT Courses 、 Add and update the subject teaching content in the comprehensive activity course , Such as increasing innovative thinking 、DIY、STEAM The content such as , Form an enhanced version of maker teaching . At present, this approach is quite popular in China , It is relatively easy to guide the school education system . This level mainly relies on the technical tools and resources of various maker spaces , The content and methods of the course have been greatly increased DIY elements , To train students to become “ Self made ”, The goal is to educate makers' quality and skills . It can be regarded as a kind of maker education in a narrow sense . actually , At present, the so-called maker education in primary and secondary schools , Strictly speaking, it should be called maker quality education . It mainly takes curriculum as the carrier , Teachers and students are on the platform of maker space , Integrating science 、 mathematics 、 Physics 、 chemical 、 Art and other disciplines , Cultivate students' imagination 、 Creativity and problem solving skills . From this perspective , Maker education is actually an enhanced version STEM Education or information technology education . Many primary and secondary schools have opened “ Interactive media technology ”“ robot ”“Scratch” Courses , All belong to the maker enhancement teaching type .

It should be noted that , The creation of maker courses needs to avoid conflicts with the current school information technology education 、 Science and technology education 、STEAM Education, etc “ Simple transplantation ”, And to build a new innovative educational concept and model , Update the teaching content and program . actually , If the maker education is equal to or derived from the above subject education , That undoubtedly reduces the cultural characteristics of the maker movement .

level II： Maker integration course . From the openness of the maker movement 、 The sharing of maker spirit and the changing process of maker culture can be seen , Maker teaching will eventually move towards maker integration courses （Maker-infused Course）. Some researchers point out that , There are two perspectives for schools to carry out maker education , One is “ Education of makers ”, It aims to train makers ; The other is “ Maker education ”, It aims to apply the ideas and methods of makers to transform and educate the former by setting up special maker courses , Create a maker space , Equip professional instructors for implementation ; The latter needs to integrate the “ Hands-On Activities 、 Practical experience ” Integrating ideas into subject teaching , Develop creative based learning . such as , Some primary and secondary schools in Shanghai adopt 3D Printing technology , Realize the real exploration of objects that are difficult to obtain ; Students majoring in anthropology at the University of Miami passed 3D Print copies of cultural relics , Touch and study artifacts like ancient Egypt . therefore , Maker education of maker integration course , The aim is to learn across borders , Cultivate a sense of innovation 、 Innovative talents with innovative ability and innovative thinking .

To really achieve “ Everyone is a maker ”“ Mass Entrepreneurship 、 Mass innovation ” The goal of , Schools need to reform the learning process systematically .“ Maker movement ” One of the initiators 、《Make》 Dell, the founder of the magazine • Doherty thinks ,“ Maker movement ” It can bring good and even subversive changes to education . Curriculum is an important carrier of talent training in schools , Only relying on classroom teaching can not meet the transformation and incubation of innovative ideas , Unable to cultivate “ Self made ”. Makers enhance teaching 、 The maker integration course should be an important direction of the new ecology of maker education . These new learning paradigms emphasize ability orientation and knowledge innovation , Will make more students , Promote learners' creative learning , And become a real “ Self made ”.

From the perspective of learning theory , Rich learning model practices also provide rich theoretical nutrients for makers' change learning , Whether it is maker literacy education or maker education , Its value is nothing more than to meet the demands of practice , Promote student centeredness and integration with practice .“ Maker movement ” Encourage creativity into action , In order to make up for the traditional education neglecting interest and practical ability , Let the child “ Play innovation ”“ Make your own play ”, Through independent inquiry 、 Practical experience , Stimulate their interest in innovation , Cultivate their creative ability . This is the ultimate pursuit of individual development , It is also the responsibility of education .

maker +： Towards a new educational culture . Cultivate individual maker spirit and consciousness , Develop individual maker ability , Develop individual maker potential and innovation and entrepreneurship ability , It has become an important issue facing the current social and educational reform . It's worth noting that , Overheated terms or words often indicate a crisis . Beyond seas ,Maker The meaning of representation is more general , Not just for individuals , It also represents those who dare to learn 、 People who try . Many people regard players as “ Lone heroes ”, Mislead the public , I think it's just “ gen ” Produce results , Can be called a maker . On the other hand , Domestic maker education and development is still in its infancy ,

in summary , One of the most urgent trends in current school education is the return to real world learning , Strengthen connectivity learning . Connected learning emphasizes bringing personal interests through the platform 、 Resources can be extended , And get a job 、 Academic achievements and opportunities . And education is through “ The guest room ” Establish a real connection with reality , It is a learning activity that touches the real world . However, maker training cannot be isolated , It should be systematic 、 Integrated , We should focus on “ maker +” The framework and path of education , Excavate the spiritual core and behavioral characteristics of makers , Take makers as a kind of “ Element nourishment ” To cultivate and incubate , Develop a brand-new maker education model integrating whole person education , Profoundly change the school education ecology , Cultivate a group of makers for innovation and entrepreneurship . From a broader perspective , Maker education should launch a mass innovation movement , Cultivate a new educational culture .