Summary of webdriver API for web automated testing

One 、 Control browser

1、driver.set_window_size(value,value)： Set the size of the browser , Unit is pixel ;
2、driver.back()： Control browser backward
3、driver.forward()： Control the browser's progress
4、driver.refresh()： Refresh the browser

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')

#todo  Set the size of the browser 
driver.set_window_size(2000,2000) # Unit is pixel 

input_el=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@id="kw"]')
input_el.send_keys('kobe')
butten_el=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@type="submit"]').click()
time.sleep(2)
#todo  Control browser backward 
driver.back()

time.sleep(2)
#todo  Control the browser's progress 
driver.forward()

time.sleep(2)
#todo  Refresh the browser 
driver.refresh()

Two 、WebDriver Common methods

clear() Clear text
send_keys(value) Keyboard entry
click() Click on the element
submit() Submit Form
size Returns the size of the element
text Get the text of the element
get_attribute(name) Get attribute value
is_displayed() Set whether the element is visible to the user

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')

input_el=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@id="kw"]')
input_el.send_keys('kobe')
time.sleep(2)
#todo  Clear text 
input_el.clear()
input_el.send_keys('curry')

#todo  Text box submit 
input_el.submit()

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')


# Get the size of the input box 
input_el=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@id="kw"]')
print(input_el.size)

#todo  Get text information 
el1=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[@class="mnav c-font-normal c-color-t"][2]')
print(el1.text)

#todo  obtain target The attribute value 
print(el1.get_attribute('target'))

#todo  Returns the element visible 
print(el1.is_displayed())

3、 ... and 、 Get validation information

driver.title： Get the page title
driver.current_url： Access to web pages url

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')

print(' Before searching —— Current page title and url')
print(driver.title)
print(driver.current_url)

input_el=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@id="kw"]')
input_el.send_keys('kobe')
butten_el=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@type="submit"]').click()

print(' After search —— Current page title and url')
print(driver.title)
print(driver.current_url)

Four 、 Explicit wait

locator=(‘xpath’,‘//input[@id=“kw1”]’)
webdriverwait=WebDriverWait(driver,5,0.5)
With the right until Method Determines whether an element is visible , Element visible continue down
el=webdriverwait.until(expected_conditions.visibility_of_element_located(locator))

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions
import time

driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')

# Set linear wait 
webdriverwait=WebDriverWait(driver,5,0.5)

# With the right until Method   Determines whether an element is visible , Element visible continue down 
locator=('xpath','//input[@id="kw1"]')

el=webdriverwait.until(expected_conditions.visibility_of_element_located(locator))

el.send_keys('kobe')

el1=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@type="submit"]').click()

Custom explicit wait

from selenium import webdriver

import time

driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')


print(' Output a time ：',time.ctime())

# Use a loop to determine whether the positioned element exists 
for i in range(10):
    try:
        element=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@id="kw1"]')
        if element.is_displayed():
            break
    except:
        pass
    time.sleep(1)
else:
    print('Timeout')
print(' The waiting time ',time.ctime())

5、 ... and 、 An implicit wait

driver.implicitly_wait(10)   # The unit is seconds 

6、 ... and 、 Locate a set of elements

Get a set of elements
el_list=driver.find_elements_by_xpath(‘//div[@class=“name-box”]/a’)

from selenium import webdriver
import time
driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://qidian.com/rank/')


# Get a set of elements 
el_list=driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//div[@class="name-box"]/a')
print(len(el_list))

# Traverse the list 
for el in el_list:
    print(el.text)

Execution results

 The star catcher will seize the star river 
7 Base No 
 Dr. Chen , Don't talk ！
 Please kill the demon 
 The start is more serious , I scared the police across the street ！
 Matchmaking , I don't agree with anyone 
 once , I want to be a good person 
 Daming ： I , Teach the carpenter the Emperor 
 As Superman's brother, I became a native of China 

 Spirit Walker 
 Mink Street 13 Number 
 The game is too real 
 Unscientific Royal beast 
 My father Han Gaozu 
 The other side of deep space 
 Choose a day to soar 
 My attribute is cultivating life 
 I have not been a big man for many years 

 Choose a day to soar 
 The naming of the night 
 Dr. Chen , Don't talk ！
 My attribute is cultivating life 
 I will never die in the immortal cultivation world 
 The start is more serious , I scared the police across the street ！
 Space pro 
 The other side of deep space 
 What is hexagon fighting wild 

 The naming of the night 
 My father Han Gaozu 
 Choose a day to soar 
 Mink Street 13 Number 
 The game is too real 
 Taoist weird immortal 
 Only in Mahayana can there be a counter attack system 
 My attribute is cultivating life 
 Unscientific Royal beast 

 Escape from the famine to Wuxia 
 Meiman ： My Warhammer Simulator 
 Cao Cao crosses Wu Dalang 
 For twenty years , I entered the thriller game 
 What do you mean Carry Type on a single ah 
 The price is reversed ： I killed immortals in Dazhou 
 Start from the body skill and cross the heavens 
 Film and television life starting from Ode to joy 
 This warrior is too dangerous 

7、 ... and 、 Multi-window switching

Get the handle of the current window ：search_windows=driver.current_window_handle
Get the handle of all current windows ：all_handles=driver.window_handles
Go back to the previous window ：driver.switch_to.window(search_windows)

from selenium import webdriver
import time
driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://baidu.com')
driver.implicitly_wait(10)

# Get the handle of Baidu search window 
search_windows=driver.current_window_handle

driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[text()="hao123"]').click()
time.sleep(2)


# Get the handle of all current windows 
all_handles=driver.window_handles
print(all_handles)

# Switch to hao123 page 
for handle in all_handles:
    if handle!=search_windows:
        driver.switch_to.window(handle)
        print(driver.title)
        driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[text()=" NetEase "]').click()

# Go back to the search window 
driver.switch_to.window(search_windows)

8、 ... and 、 Handling of warning box

Get warning box : alert=driver.switch_to.alert
alert.text: Get the text information of the warning box
Receive warning box : alert.accept()

from selenium import webdriver
import time
driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://baidu.com')
driver.implicitly_wait(10)

driver.find_element_by_xpath('//span[text()=" Set up "]').click()
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//span[text()=" Search settings "]').click()

# Locate the save settings element 
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//a[text()=" Save settings "]').click()

# Get warning box 
alert=driver.switch_to.alert
print(alert.text)       # Get the text information of the warning box 

# Receive warning box 
alert.accept()

Nine 、 Handling of drop-down boxes

from selenium import webdriver
import time
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")

driver.get('https://www.hao123.com/?src=from_pc')
driver.implicitly_wait(10)


select_el=driver.find_element_by_xpath('//span[text()=" Webpage "]').click()


# according to value choice 
Select(select_el).select_by_value('image')
time.sleep(1)

# Select according to text 
Select(select_el).select_by_visible_text(' Map ')
time.sleep(1)

# Choose... According to the index 
Select(select_el).select_by_index(0)
time.sleep(1)

Ten 、 Download the file

from selenium import webdriver
import time
import os

# Configuration information 
options=webdriver.ChromeOptions()

prefs={
    
    'profile_default_content_settings.popups':0,# Do not pop up the download window 
    'download.default_directory':os.getcwd()
}
options.add_experimental_option('prefs',prefs)

# Create a Google browser driver 
driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe",chrome_options=options)
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
# Open the web page 
driver.get('https://www.python.org/downloads/')

# Locate web elements , Click download 
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//p[@class="download-buttons"]//a[@href="https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.5/python-3.10.5-amd64.exe"]').click()

11、 ... and 、 operation Cookie

Get all cookies Information : driver.get_cookies()
add to cookies Information driver.add_cookie({‘name’:‘yzl’,‘value’:‘yzl111’})
Delete cookie driver.delete_cookie(‘yzl’)
Delete all cookie Information driver.delete_all_cookies()

from selenium import webdriver
import time
driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')
driver.implicitly_wait(10)

# Get all cookies Information 
print(driver.get_cookies())

# add to cookies Information 
driver.add_cookie({
    'name':'yzl','value':'yzl111'})

# Traverse all cookie Information 
for item in driver.get_cookies():
    print(item)

# Delete cookie
driver.delete_cookie('yzl')

# Delete all cookie Information 
driver.delete_all_cookies()
print(driver.get_cookies())

Twelve 、 Window screenshot and close

Screenshot : driver.save_screenshot(‘baidu.png’)

from selenium import webdriver
import time
driver=webdriver.Chrome("C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')
driver.implicitly_wait(10)

time.sleep(2)
# Start the screenshot operation 
driver.save_screenshot('baidu.png')
time.sleep(2)

driver.close()