Skill combing [email protected] intelligent instrument teaching aids based on 51 series single chip microcomputer

because 21ic Give too much （ Make complaints about it ,CSDN Four to six is too much ）, In my spare time 21ic The starting line-up , It is only recently discovered that there is also an activity of sending articles and money
Article address , There is a part of the word counting thing , Can't , There are requirements , But things are dry , I had a summer vacation during my freshman year and sophomore year , In this thank you Weizihui teacher

The general content is as follows , Information can go to 21ic Download or want to complete the project private message me

When I was looking for something today , Found a large circuit board , In order to prepare for the intelligent instrument experiment class in College , And the elder zhengzhengbo and the roommate Old zhaoshuo A little design together . I looked on the computer , And the design materials at that time , Just tidy it up , Send it to the platform .

First, the top view with the introduction of each module （ As can be seen from the following figures , This code is in vain ）

Give me a general introduction （ Don't worry , Schematic diagram 、PCB、 The information is at the end ）

This development board adopts the latest STC15 series IAP15F2K61S2 The chip acts as the main chip , It is enhanced 8051 kernel , Faster than traditional 8051 fast 7~12 times , And there is no need for external reset and crystal oscillator circuit , Yes 2K Large capacity on-chip RAM Data storage and 61K Of Flash Program memory , With completely independent dual serial port , There are high-speed 10 position 8 road A/D Switching channels , Support online simulation , It is convenient for students to feel the operation of the program more intuitively during the experiment , At the same time, through the use of 40 In line package of pins , Easy to disassemble and iterate the main chip .

Its module functions are as follows ：

Running water lamp ： Through a group 8 Bit parallel ports control respectively 8 individual LED The lamp , Direct control can be selected through jumper cap LED Lamp and latch control LED Two modes

Nixie tube ：8 The on-off, i.e. position selection, of each nixie tube is controlled by a latch , However, the segment selection of nixie tube display is controlled by different nixie tubes , Such as the top view of the development board , The left four nixie tubes are controlled by a latch , The four on the right are controlled by four latches , So when one character is displayed at the same time , The four digital tubes on the left will be slightly darker , It's normal

Buzzer ： This development board buzzer uses an active buzzer , As long as the power supply can make a sound . A pin of the single chip microcomputer controls the conduction of the triode , Then the buzzer can be controlled , Different tones can be produced by controlling the frequency of sound production , The last function of the comprehensive experiment is to play a song with a buzzer “ August osmanthus ” tune

Temperature measurement module ： The temperature sensor used is DS18B20, The sensor itself converts the collected temperature into data , The single chip microcomputer converts the data collected by the temperature sensor into temperature , adopt LCD The screen can display the current temperature

Relay switch ： It is an effective switch that uses weak current to control strong current , The relay can be controlled by one pin of the single chip microcomputer , If the jumper cap is properly connected ( The following describes how the jumper cap is connected ) , When the relay is switched on and off, you can hear the sound coming from the inside “ click ” The sound of , meanwhile LED The lamp D15 Will be on and off

AD/DA transformation ： Adopt one 8 Bit A/D Conversion chip , The collected analog voltage （ It can be adjusted by sliding rheostat at the side ） It can be converted into digital quantity and displayed in LCD On the screen , At the same time, digital voltage can be converted into analog voltage , You can use the LED The light and darkness of the lamp are intuitive

Ultrasonic ranging ： Adopt high integration ultrasonic , When the ultrasonic module generates a wave, it will trigger an interrupt of the single chip microcomputer , Another interrupt will be triggered when the ultrasonic returns against an obstacle , In the single chip computer program, the distance from obstacles is calculated by using the time between two interruptions generated by ultrasonic wave

Motor drive module ： The drive chip can be controlled by a single chip microcomputer to generate a large current , This chip has multiple output channels , Therefore, the DC motor and the stepping motor can be controlled at the same time

Infrared receiver module ： Similar to temperature sensor pins , Two power lines and one data transmission line , By receiving the infrared light emitted by the infrared emission module , Sense a signal and transmit the data to the single chip processor for processing

I2C Bus modules ： It is a completely different way from the infrared module to transmit data , By changing the module, the master-slave interface can be controlled I2C The way in which data is transmitted

Clock module ： It is different from the internal timing of single chip microcomputer , Just supply power to this clock module , When the SCM is not working, the clock chip will continue to count the time , Ensure that data always exists , The correct time will still be displayed until the next time the MCU is turned on

Matrix keyboard ： Mainly the top 4x4 Keyboard for , Only the eight pins of the single chip microcomputer can be scanned to know which key has been pressed , And deal with it accordingly . The following four keys are connected with a pin separately , It is mainly used in external interrupts

LCD display ： use LCD602 display , Can display at the same time 16X2=32 Characters , Include letters 、 Numbers 、 Characters and so on , The display area can be controlled by voltage , This development board is designed to adapt to various light conditions , It can be adjusted by adjusting the sliding rheostat under this module LCD Backlight brightness of display screen , Convenient for experiment and viewing

The following is the diagram of ultrasonic distance measurement , The test distance is displayed on the screen ：

The following is to use DS18B20 Measure the temperature and display it on the screen ：

The program in the package ：

The program is based on what you have learned , To modify some 51 A routine on a single chip computer , Most of the modification logic is actually based on some changes made to the current hardware , Of course, what is important is the process of modification , You can review it again during the revision , At the same time, make some notes and notes , Most of the programs in the routine package sent below have comments , There are also some precautions for using hardware , After all, it is such a simple single-chip computer , To implement these functions , It is necessary to reuse some pins , Therefore, some pins will be connected to multiple functional modules with jumper caps ; In addition to using jumper caps to achieve the function of a few pins to control multiple modules , Also used are some such as 74 Series of chips , To realize serial to parallel control , In the control of digital tube used more （ There are too many nixie tube pins ）

There are two ways to power and download the hardware ：

The order of connection is 5V——+,GND——-,TXD——RXD,RXD——TXD

The hardware has done a lot of compatibility , For example, through wiring 、usb The mouth has that kind of round mouth （ I forgot my name ） To supply power , In addition to the above two methods for downloading , You can also use the nine stitches on the picture to download
Now it's time to see and hear {:biggrin:}

This is the schematic diagram , If you can't see clearly , You can download the following information , Look at the big picture in HD （ A gift of friendship , There are also bom surface ）