Automated testing ----- selenium (II)

Catalog

Locate a set of elements

Positioning of multi-storey frame  

Positioning of multi-layer windows

Hierarchical positioning

Drop down box processing

alert Handling of pop-up frames

 div Block processing

  Upload file operation

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Locate a set of elements

webdriver It's easy to use findElement Method to locate a specific object , But sometimes we need to locate a set of objects , You need to use findElements Method .

Application scenarios ：

• Batch operation objects , For example, all the checkbox All hooked
• First get a set of objects , Then filter out some objects that need to be located in this group of objects . For example, locate all the information on the page checkbox, Then choose the last

#coding=utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
import time
import os
dr = webdriver.Chrome()
# Open local path  'file:///'+os.path.abspath(' File absolute path ')
file_path = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath('checkbox.html')
dr.get(file_path)
#  Select all on the page input, Then filter out all checkbox  And check 
inputs = dr.find_elements_by_tag_name('input')
for input in inputs:
    if input.get_attribute('type') == 'checkbox':
        input.click()
time.sleep(2)
dr.quit()
#get_attribute()  Get attribute value 

Positioning of multi-storey frame  

Position a frame frame ：switch_to.frame(name_or_id_or_frame_element)
adopt frame Of id perhaps name perhaps frame Other self-contained attributes to locate the framework , here switch_to.frame() Switch the currently located subject frame in .

switch_to.default_content： from frame Jump out of the page embedded in , Jump back to the outermost default page .

#coding=utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
import time
import os
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
file_path = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath('frame.html')
browser.get(file_path)
browser.implicitly_wait(30)
# Find it first ifrome1（id = f1）
browser.switch_to.frame("f1")
# Then find the... Below it ifrome2(id =f2)
browser.switch_to.frame("f2")
# Now you can operate the elements normally 
browser.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys("selenium")
browser.find_element_by_id("su").click()
time.sleep(3)
browser.quit()

Positioning of multi-layer windows

Locate a window window：switch_to.window(name_or_id_or_frame_element)
Methods and switch_to.fram() equally

Hierarchical positioning

Sometimes the elements we need to locate are not directly displayed on the page , Instead, the elements of the page need to be displayed after a series of operations , At this time, we need to position layer by layer .

Ideas ：

First click to display 1 A drop-down menu , Then navigate to the... Where the drop-down menu is located ul, Reposition this ul Under a specific link.

#coding=utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
import time
import os
dr = webdriver.Chrome()
file_path = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath('level_locate.html')
dr.get(file_path)
# Click on Link1 link （ Pop up the drop-down list ）
dr.find_element_by_link_text('Link1').click()
# Find... Under the father element link  by Action  Child elements 
menu = dr.find_element_by_id('dropdown1').find_element_by_link_text('Action')
# Position the mouse over the child element 
webdriver.ActionChains(dr).move_to_element(menu).perform()
time.sleep(2)
dr.quit()

Drop down box processing

Drop down box is one of the most common page elements , For general elements , We only need to position once , But the content in the drop-down box needs to be positioned twice , First navigate to the drop-down box and operate on the drop-down box , Then navigate to the options in the drop-down box .

#coding=utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
import os,time
driver= webdriver.Chrome()
file_path = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath('drop_down.html')
driver.get(file_path)
time.sleep(2)
# Go to the drop-down box first 
m=driver.find_element_by_id("ShippingMethod")
# Then click the option under the drop-down box 
m.find_element_by_xpath("//option[@value='10.69']").click()
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()

alert Handling of pop-up frames

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep
import os
dr = webdriver.Chrome()
file_path = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath('alert.html')
dr.get(file_path)
#  Click the link to pop up alert
dr.find_element_by_id('tooltip').click()
sleep(2)
# Get the operation handle of the pop-up box 
alert = dr.switch_to.alert() 
# close alert
alert.accept()
sleep(2)
dr.quit()

# Accept warning messages
alert = dr.switch_to.alert()
alert.accept()
# Get text information and print
alert = dr.switch_to.alert()
print alert.text
# Cancel the dialog （ If any ）
alert = dr.switch_to.alert()
alert.dismiss()
# The input values
alert = dr.switch_to.alert()
alert.send_keys("hello word")

 div Block processing

If there are many page elements , When an element cannot be accurately located by using its attributes , We can locate the element first div block , Then locate this element .

div1=driver.find_element_by_class_name("midal-body")
div1.find_element_by_link_text("click me").click()
time.sleep(3)

  Upload file operation

To upload a file, just locate the upload button , adopt send_keys Just add the local file path . Both absolute and relative paths are OK , The key is that the uploaded file exists .

driver.find_element_by_name("file").send_keys(" File absolute path ")