Which direction should college students choose to find jobs after graduation?

Today, I would like to briefly introduce the differences between industries .

Although it's all about writing code , Although everyone calls it a programmer , But in fact , There are many kinds . Programmers are generally divided into front-end and back-end .

Because I don't understand , So let's focus on the back end , A learning path for back-end development is attached at the end of the article .

And the back end , It can be classified from many angles .

Let's start with the most familiar university major .

Not a computer major

Generally speaking, programmers , Will think they are all computer professionals , But in fact, in addition to the computer major , There are also some majors , Like electrical engineering 、 automation 、 Communication engineering, etc , There will be many related types of counterpart programmers .

For example, I learned in College 51 monolithic ,STM32 And so on , That actually belongs to the category of embedded software development , It's usually C Language .

If it's painting PCB A circuit board or something , That should belong to the category of embedded hardware engineers .

Similar to these two pieces , There is also work related to automatic control system , It's called PLC The engineer . The programming language used is also quite special , It's called ladder diagram .

​ The above types of work , It usually appears in more traditional industries , For example, industrial control 、 Car companies 、 Motor elevator and other enterprises , Not so traditional , There are shared bikes 、 UAV, etc. .

Computer science

It's easy to understand , It is also the main force to enter the Internet industry after graduation . And there are many directions , But generally speaking, from the employment situation I know , It can be divided into the following categories .

Game direction

The game direction is also a special branch of the Internet industry . We often talk about front-end and back-end , Here, it is generally called client and server . The server usually uses C++, Minority use golang,java etc. , It is generally distinguished according to the type of game , Like 《 " 》 Such strategy games are called SLG,《 Glory of Kings 》 This is called moba,《xx legend 》 It's called MMORPG,《 Dungeons and warriors 》 This kind is called ARPG, The architecture design of the server will be different according to the type of game , However, the gap between the technology stacks used in development is not too large .

There is a big gap between clients , do 2d The general purpose of the game is cocos,3d The first two years of the game usually use unity3D, Now start using unreal. And wechat games , Generally used laya Or egret engine . Of course, flash Little games , This is a little old . There is one saying. , The technology used by the game client is quite different , Learn something new every two years , It's too hard . by comparison , The technology used by the game server is much more stable .

Internet application direction

Business development

Is the most common curd boy, For uncomplicated business , Most of the time, it's just to write and insert the database （create）, to update （update）, Read （read）、 Delete （delete） Such statements .

The business here is actually subdivided into to b Direction and to c Direction ,to b Generally, there are not many business users , Just because there are not many users , So every question they ask may be valued and translated into customized needs , Because the demand is only for a specific group of people , So the product logic is very complicated , Great strangeness is also normal .to b It's generally better than to c Our product logic is more complex , The main work of the product is to communicate directly with users , Collect users' pain points and translate them into various strange needs . Users can also find this development directly , And feed back your questions , So many times, development will become oncall Tool man .

to c Business is generally relatively to b Concurrency is slightly higher for business , Because the product is for ordinary users , Therefore, the design will try to be a fool , This can be inferred, and the logic behind it will be relatively to b The business should be simpler .

Infrastructure development

also called , senior oncall The engineer . Different from the above business development , Business development oncall The object of is usually ordinary users without programming background . Infrastructure oncall The main object of is development , So in general , The cost of communication and understanding may be slightly lower . Make a base frame , It will also give people a more professional feeling , A lot of knowledge tends to the bottom of the computer , And universal , For example, as a gateway or mesh Of , Change company , What you do is generally similar and sustainable . But business development , For example, e-commerce , If you leave and go to education , That requires a new understanding of the business from scratch .

Many big guys in the industry are from the base frame . Do this operating system during business development working hours , See what kernel source code , That's more or less " except "," Fish every day " The feeling of , But if it's baseframe development , This whole is very reasonable .

Safety direction

The most special thing is to do information security , Is the closest to the direction of hackers in the film , The corresponding direction of employment is the safety industry , The things learned are also different from those in other directions , There are relatively large gap. I still don't know what they usually do , But we can often see how much an old man who knows finds loopholes in various websites on the Internet and then submits them to the official w A reward for the knife . Anyway, I envy you so much .

How to choose so many kinds

How to choose the industry

I used to be a college student , I also understand the pain points of those positions before graduation .

If you are particularly interested in studying general technology , And its own hard strength is also strong , You can consider doing infrastructure related work , This lesson is more general . But this one has a drawback , In general , Making a base frame will be far away from the business .

Since being a programmer , I chose such a hard way , Except for a few brothers who have this great enthusiasm for Technology , Then I guess most brothers may be like me , Because the wallet is thin .

Now that's it , Let's talk about what kind of position has the opportunity to earn more .

You have to understand a truth , Code is not worth money , Business and data are valuable . If the business is profitable , The closer you are to the business , The more chances you have to eat meat and drink soup .

In a commercial society , Companies are all for profit , And profitable , Usually the business department . Of course , Not every department has a chance to make a profit , So once it's not profitable , The fastest layoff is also business development .

So here comes the question , What kind of business , It's closer to Manny . With my shallow cognitive level , At present, I can see , game 、 Online retailers , The three industries of finance are relatively close to Manny , The more human business functions are, the easier it is to make profits , For example, short video , These games , It's very human . And education , This kind of exercise , It belongs to relatively anti human , Maybe it's harder . But nothing is absolute , Divine product managers can ignore all common sense .

therefore , Workers , Don't narrow the road .

How to choose a language

Although no matter what language , Can achieve similar functions , But judging from the current industry situation , Different languages will have certain differentiation in different industries .

For example, if you do embedded software development , Then you usually use C Language . Doing e-commerce is generally java, Playing games is generally C++. and golang, At present, more and more companies are using , Use it to play games , It is also used for e-commerce , Web background .

In order not to cause language debate , If you don't know what language to choose , Then consider java or golang.java There are many people in this area , The competition is more intense . choose C++, The learning route is steep , Yu broad and profound . choose golang Words , Relatively simple , At the same time, there is not much historical burden , The only disadvantage is that there are relatively few posts , But now it looks more than the previous two years , I believe more and more people will use it in the future .

Of course , These are some life advice . And not necessarily for , It's all information within my cognitive range . It doesn't matter whether you listen or not , After all, many people know a lot of truth , Still have a bad life .

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​ original text ： College graduates look for jobs , Which direction to choose ？