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数据库系统原理与应用教程(062)—— MySQL 练习题:操作题 32-38(六)
2022-07-28 12:30:00 【睿思达DBA_WGX】
数据库系统原理与应用教程(062)—— MySQL 练习题:操作题 32-38(六)
32、子查询
题目:查询每个学校的最低 gpa,输出结果按 university 升序排列。
示例:user_profile 表的数据如下。
| id | device_id | gender | age | university | gpa | active_days_within_30 | question_cnt | answer_cnt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2138 | male | 21 | 北京大学 | 3.4 | 7 | 2 | 12 |
| 2 | 3214 | male | 复旦大学 | 4 | 15 | 5 | 25 | |
| 3 | 6543 | female | 20 | 北京大学 | 3.2 | 12 | 3 | 30 |
| 4 | 2315 | female | 23 | 浙江大学 | 3.6 | 5 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | 5432 | male | 25 | 山东大学 | 3.8 | 20 | 15 | 70 |
| 6 | 2131 | male | 28 | 山东大学 | 3.3 | 15 | 7 | 13 |
| 7 | 4321 | female | 26 | 复旦大学 | 3.6 | 9 | 6 | 52 |
查询应返回以下结果:
| device_id | university | gpa |
|---|---|---|
| 6543 | 北京大学 | 3.2000 |
| 4321 | 复旦大学 | 3.6000 |
| 2131 | 山东大学 | 3.3000 |
| 2315 | 浙江大学 | 3.6000 |
表结构及数据如下:
/* drop table if exists user_profile; CREATE TABLE `user_profile` ( `id` int NOT NULL, `device_id` int NOT NULL, `gender` varchar(14) NOT NULL, `age` int , `university` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `gpa` float, `active_days_within_30` int , `question_cnt` int , `answer_cnt` int ); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(1,2138,'male',21,'北京大学',3.4,7,2,12); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(2,3214,'male',null,'复旦大学',4.0,15,5,25); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(3,6543,'female',20,'北京大学',3.2,12,3,30); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(4,2315,'female',23,'浙江大学',3.6,5,1,2); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(5,5432,'male',25,'山东大学',3.8,20,15,70); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(6,2131,'male',28,'山东大学',3.3,15,7,13); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(7,4321,'male',28,'复旦大学',3.6,9,6,52); */
解答:
/* select a.device_id, b.university, round(b.gpa,4) gpa from user_profile a join (select university, min(gpa) gpa from user_profile group by university) b on a.gpa = b.gpa and a.university = b.university order by a.university; */
mysql> select a.device_id, b.university, round(b.gpa,4) gpa
-> from user_profile a join
-> (select university, min(gpa) gpa
-> from user_profile group by university) b
-> on a.gpa = b.gpa and a.university = b.university
-> order by a.university;
+-----------+--------------+--------+
| device_id | university | gpa |
+-----------+--------------+--------+
| 6543 | 北京大学 | 3.2000 |
| 4321 | 复旦大学 | 3.6000 |
| 2131 | 山东大学 | 3.3000 |
| 2315 | 浙江大学 | 3.6000 |
+-----------+--------------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
33、分组查询与统计(1)
题目: 查询复旦大学的每个用户在 8 月份练习的题目数和回答正确的题目数,取出相应的明细数据。对于在 8 月份没有练习过的用户,答题数结果返回 0。
示例:user_profile 表的数据如下。
| id | device_id | gender | age | university | gpa | active_days_within_30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2138 | male | 21 | 北京大学 | 3.4 | 7 |
| 2 | 3214 | male | 复旦大学 | 4.0 | 15 | |
| 3 | 6543 | female | 20 | 北京大学 | 3.2 | 12 |
| 4 | 2315 | female | 23 | 浙江大学 | 3.6 | 5 |
| 5 | 5432 | male | 25 | 山东大学 | 3.8 | 20 |
| 6 | 2131 | male | 28 | 山东大学 | 3.3 | 15 |
| 7 | 4321 | female | 26 | 复旦大学 | 3.6 | 9 |
示例:question_practice_detail 表的数据如下。
| id | device_id | question_id | result | date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2138 | 111 | wrong | 2021-05-03 |
| 2 | 3214 | 112 | wrong | 2021-05-09 |
| 3 | 3214 | 113 | wrong | 2021-06-15 |
| 4 | 6543 | 111 | right | 2021-08-13 |
| 5 | 2315 | 115 | right | 2021-08-13 |
| 6 | 2315 | 116 | right | 2021-08-14 |
| 7 | 2315 | 117 | wrong | 2021-08-15 |
| …… |
查询应返回以下结果:
| device_id | university | question_cnt | right_question_cnt |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3214 | 复旦大学 | 3 | 0 |
| 4321 | 复旦大学 | 0 | 0 |
表结构及数据如下:
/* drop table if exists `user_profile`; drop table if exists `question_practice_detail`; CREATE TABLE `user_profile` ( `id` int NOT NULL, `device_id` int NOT NULL, `gender` varchar(14) NOT NULL, `age` int , `university` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `gpa` float, `active_days_within_30` int ); CREATE TABLE `question_practice_detail` ( `id` int NOT NULL, `device_id` int NOT NULL, `question_id`int NOT NULL, `result` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `date` date NOT NULL ); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(1,2138,'male',21,'北京大学',3.4,7); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(2,3214,'male',null,'复旦大学',4.0,15); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(3,6543,'female',20,'北京大学',3.2,12); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(4,2315,'female',23,'浙江大学',3.6,5); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(5,5432,'male',25,'山东大学',3.8,20); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(6,2131,'male',28,'山东大学',3.3,15); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(7,4321,'male',28,'复旦大学',3.6,9); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(1,2138,111,'wrong','2021-05-03'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(2,3214,112,'wrong','2021-05-09'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(3,3214,113,'wrong','2021-06-15'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(4,6543,111,'right','2021-08-13'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(5,2315,115,'right','2021-08-13'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(6,2315,116,'right','2021-08-14'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(7,2315,117,'wrong','2021-08-15'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(8,3214,112,'wrong','2021-05-09'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(9,3214,113,'wrong','2021-08-15'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(10,6543,111,'right','2021-08-13'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(11,2315,115,'right','2021-08-13'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(12,2315,116,'right','2021-08-14'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(13,2315,117,'wrong','2021-08-15'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(14,3214,112,'wrong','2021-08-16'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(15,3214,113,'wrong','2021-08-18'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(16,6543,111,'right','2021-08-13'); */
解答:
/* select u.device_id, u.university, count(question_id) question_cnt, sum(if(q.result = 'right', 1, 0)) right_question_cnt from user_profile u left join question_practice_detail q on u.device_id = q.device_id where u.university = '复旦大学' and (month(q.date) = 8 or month(q.date) is null) group by u.device_id, u.university; */
mysql> select u.device_id, u.university,
-> count(question_id) question_cnt,
-> sum(if(q.result = 'right', 1, 0)) right_question_cnt
-> from user_profile u left join question_practice_detail q
-> on u.device_id = q.device_id
-> where u.university = '复旦大学' and (month(q.date) = 8 or month(q.date) is null)
-> group by u.device_id, u.university;
+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+
| device_id | university | question_cnt | right_question_cnt |
+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+
| 3214 | 复旦大学 | 3 | 0 |
| 4321 | 复旦大学 | 0 | 0 |
+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
/*
说明:
(1)count(question_id):此处不能使用 count(*),因为 count(*) 统计的是所有记录,当然也包括 question_id 为空的记录,count(question_id) 只统计 question_id 不为空的记录
(2)where 必须指定条件:month(q.date) is null,否则即使使用了 left join,不满足连接条件的记录也会被过滤掉
34、分组查询与统计(2)
题目:查询浙江大学的用户在不同难度题目下答题的正确率情况,取出相应数据并按照准确率升序输出。
示例: user_profile 表的数据如下。
| id | device_id | gender | age | university | gpa | active_days_within_30 | question_cnt | answer_cnt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2138 | male | 21 | 北京大学 | 3.4 | 7 | 2 | 12 |
| 2 | 3214 | male | 复旦大学 | 4 | 15 | 5 | 25 | |
| 3 | 6543 | female | 20 | 北京大学 | 3.2 | 12 | 3 | 30 |
| 4 | 2315 | female | 23 | 浙江大学 | 3.6 | 5 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | 5432 | male | 25 | 山东大学 | 3.8 | 20 | 15 | 70 |
| 6 | 2131 | male | 28 | 山东大学 | 3.3 | 15 | 7 | 13 |
| 7 | 4321 | female | 26 | 复旦大学 | 3.6 | 9 | 6 | 52 |
示例: question_practice_detail 表的数据如下。
| id | device_id | question_id | result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2138 | 111 | wrong |
| 2 | 3214 | 112 | wrong |
| 3 | 3214 | 113 | wrong |
| 4 | 6543 | 111 | right |
| 5 | 2315 | 115 | right |
| 6 | 2315 | 116 | right |
| 7 | 2315 | 117 | wrong |
示例: question_detail 表的数据如下。
| question_id | difficult_level |
|---|---|
| 111 | hard |
| 112 | medium |
| 113 | easy |
| 115 | easy |
| 116 | medium |
| 117 | easy |
查询应返回以下结果:
| difficult_level | correct_rate |
|---|---|
| easy | 0.5000 |
| medium | 1.0000 |
表结构及数据如下:
/* drop table if exists `user_profile`; drop table if exists `question_practice_detail`; drop table if exists `question_detail`; CREATE TABLE `user_profile` ( `id` int NOT NULL, `device_id` int NOT NULL, `gender` varchar(14) NOT NULL, `age` int , `university` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `gpa` float, `active_days_within_30` int , `question_cnt` int , `answer_cnt` int ); CREATE TABLE `question_practice_detail` ( `id` int NOT NULL, `device_id` int NOT NULL, `question_id`int NOT NULL, `result` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `date` date NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE `question_detail` ( `id` int NOT NULL, `question_id`int NOT NULL, `difficult_level` varchar(32) NOT NULL ); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(1,2138,'male',21,'北京大学',3.4,7,2,12); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(2,3214,'male',null,'复旦大学',4.0,15,5,25); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(3,6543,'female',20,'北京大学',3.2,12,3,30); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(4,2315,'female',23,'浙江大学',3.6,5,1,2); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(5,5432,'male',25,'山东大学',3.8,20,15,70); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(6,2131,'male',28,'山东大学',3.3,15,7,13); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(7,4321,'male',28,'复旦大学',3.6,9,6,52); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(1,2138,111,'wrong','2021-05-03'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(2,3214,112,'wrong','2021-05-09'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(3,3214,113,'wrong','2021-06-15'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(4,6543,111,'right','2021-08-13'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(5,2315,115,'right','2021-08-13'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(6,2315,116,'right','2021-08-14'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(7,2315,117,'wrong','2021-08-15'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(8,3214,112,'wrong','2021-05-09'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(9,3214,113,'wrong','2021-08-15'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(10,6543,111,'right','2021-08-13'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(11,2315,115,'right','2021-08-13'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(12,2315,116,'right','2021-08-14'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(13,2315,117,'wrong','2021-08-15'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(14,3214,112,'wrong','2021-08-16'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(15,3214,113,'wrong','2021-08-18'); INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(16,6543,111,'right','2021-08-13'); INSERT INTO question_detail VALUES(1,111,'hard'); INSERT INTO question_detail VALUES(2,112,'medium'); INSERT INTO question_detail VALUES(3,113,'easy'); INSERT INTO question_detail VALUES(4,115,'easy'); INSERT INTO question_detail VALUES(5,116,'medium'); INSERT INTO question_detail VALUES(6,117,'easy'); */
解答:
/* select b.difficult_level, round(sum(if(result = 'right', 1, 0))/count(*), 4) correct_rate from question_practice_detail a join question_detail b on a.question_id = b.question_id where a.device_id in (select device_id from user_profile where university = '浙江大学') group by b.difficult_level order by correct_rate; */
mysql> select b.difficult_level,
-> round(sum(if(result = 'right', 1, 0))/count(*), 4) correct_rate
-> from question_practice_detail a join question_detail b
-> on a.question_id = b.question_id
-> where a.device_id in (select device_id from user_profile where university = '浙江大学')
-> group by b.difficult_level
-> order by correct_rate;
+-----------------+--------------+
| difficult_level | correct_rate |
+-----------------+--------------+
| easy | 0.5000 |
| medium | 1.0000 |
+-----------------+--------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
35、对查询结果排序(1)
题目:查询用户信息表中的用户年龄,取出相应数据并按照年龄升序排序。
示例:user_profile 表的数据如下。
| id | device_id | gender | age | university | gpa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2138 | male | 21 | 北京大学 | 3.4 |
| 2 | 3214 | male | 23 | 复旦大学 | 4 |
| 3 | 6543 | female | 20 | 北京大学 | 3.2 |
| 4 | 2315 | female | 23 | 浙江大学 | 3.6 |
| 5 | 5432 | male | 25 | 山东大学 | 3.8 |
| 6 | 2131 | male | 28 | 北京师范大学 | 3.3 |
查询应返回以下结果:
| device_id | age |
|---|---|
| 6534 | 20 |
| 2138 | 21 |
| 3214 | 23 |
| 2315 | 23 |
| 5432 | 25 |
| 2131 | 28 |
表结构及数据如下:
/* drop table if exists user_profile; CREATE TABLE `user_profile` ( `id` int NOT NULL, `device_id` int NOT NULL, `gender` varchar(14) NOT NULL, `age` int , `university` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `gpa` float); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(1,2138,'male',21,'北京大学',3.4); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(2,3214,'male',23,'复旦大学',4.0); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(3,6543,'female',20,'北京大学',3.2); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(4,2315,'female',23,'浙江大学',3.6); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(5,5432,'male',25,'山东大学',3.8); INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(6,2131,'male',28,'北京师范大学',3.3); */
解答:
mysql> select device_id, age from user_profile order by age;
+-----------+------+
| device_id | age |
+-----------+------+
| 6543 | 20 |
| 2138 | 21 |
| 3214 | 23 |
| 2315 | 23 |
| 5432 | 25 |
| 2131 | 28 |
+-----------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
36、对查询结果排序(1)
题目:查询用户信息表中的年龄和 gpa 数据,并且先按照 gpa 升序排序,再按照年龄升序排序输出。
示例:user_profile 表的数据如下。
| id | device_id | gender | age | university | gpa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2138 | male | 21 | 北京大学 | 3.4 |
| 2 | 3214 | male | 23 | 复旦大学 | 4 |
| 3 | 6543 | female | 20 | 北京大学 | 3.2 |
| 4 | 2315 | female | 23 | 浙江大学 | 3.6 |
| 5 | 5432 | male | 25 | 山东大学 | 3.8 |
| 6 | 2131 | male | 28 | 北京师范大学 | 3.3 |
查询应返回以下结果:
| device_id | gpa | age |
|---|---|---|
| 6543 | 3.2 | 20 |
| 2131 | 3.3 | 28 |
| 2138 | 3.4 | 21 |
| 2315 | 3.6 | 23 |
| 5432 | 3.8 | 25 |
| 3214 | 4 | 23 |
解答:
mysql> select device_id, gpa, age from user_profile order by gpa, age;
+-----------+------+------+
| device_id | gpa | age |
+-----------+------+------+
| 6543 | 3.2 | 20 |
| 2131 | 3.3 | 28 |
| 2138 | 3.4 | 21 |
| 2315 | 3.6 | 23 |
| 5432 | 3.8 | 25 |
| 3214 | 4 | 23 |
+-----------+------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
37、对查询结果排序(3)
题目:查询用户信息表中对应的数据,并且先按照 gpa 降序、年龄降序排序输出。
示例:user_profile 表的数据如下。
| id | device_id | gender | age | university | gpa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2138 | male | 21 | 北京大学 | 3.4 |
| 2 | 3214 | male | 23 | 复旦大学 | 4 |
| 3 | 6543 | female | 20 | 北京大学 | 3.2 |
| 4 | 2315 | female | 23 | 浙江大学 | 3.6 |
| 5 | 5432 | male | 25 | 山东大学 | 3.8 |
| 6 | 2131 | male | 28 | 北京师范大学 | 3.3 |
查询应返回以下结果:
| device_id | gpa | age |
|---|---|---|
| 3214 | 4 | 23 |
| 5432 | 3.8 | 25 |
| 2315 | 3.6 | 23 |
| 2138 | 3.4 | 21 |
| 2131 | 3.3 | 28 |
| 6543 | 3.2 | 20 |
解答:
mysql> select device_id, gpa, age from user_profile order by gpa desc, age desc;
+-----------+------+------+
| device_id | gpa | age |
+-----------+------+------+
| 3214 | 4 | 23 |
| 5432 | 3.8 | 25 |
| 2315 | 3.6 | 23 |
| 2138 | 3.4 | 21 |
| 2131 | 3.3 | 28 |
| 6543 | 3.2 | 20 |
+-----------+------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
38、聚合函数的使用
题目:查询 2021 年 8月份所有练习过题目的总用户数和练习过题目的总次数,取出相应结果。
示例:question_practice_detail 表的数据如下。
| id | device_id | question_id | result | date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2138 | 111 | wrong | 2021-05-03 |
| 2 | 3214 | 112 | wrong | 2021-05-09 |
| 3 | 3214 | 113 | wrong | 2021-06-15 |
| 4 | 6543 | 111 | right | 2021-08-13 |
| 5 | 2315 | 115 | right | 2021-08-13 |
| 6 | 2315 | 116 | right | 2021-08-14 |
| 7 | 2315 | 117 | wrong | 2021-08-15 |
| …… |
查询应返回以下结果:
| did_cnt | question_cnt |
|---|---|
| 3 | 12 |
解答:
/* select count(distinct device_id) did_cnt, count(*) question_cnt from question_practice_detail where date between '2021-8-1' and '2021-8-31'; */
mysql> select count(distinct device_id) did_cnt,
-> count(*) question_cnt
-> from question_practice_detail
-> where date between '2021-8-1' and '2021-8-31';
+---------+--------------+
| did_cnt | question_cnt |
+---------+--------------+
| 3 | 12 |
+---------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
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