Structural requirement analysis of software engineering student information management system

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Preface

《 Software Engineering 》 Course Experiment 1 Structured requirements analysis Experimental report

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1. The experiment purpose

1) Complete the whole demand analysis of the graduate employment service system ;
2) Master structured data flow analysis technology ;
3) Conduct business requirements analysis 、 The user needs 、 functional requirement 、 Non functional requirements analysis ;
4) Draw the data flow diagram of the system （ Draw at least three levels of data flow diagram ）

2. The experimental requirements

According to the software system to be developed , Use structured data flow analysis technology to analyze the specific requirements of the system , Complete detailed data flow diagram and data dictionary , The number of basic processing of data flow diagram shall not be less than 5 individual .

3. Demand analysis

3.1 The user needs

By getting the needs of users , This system can be roughly divided into 3 Subsystem , Students 、 Teachers' 、 Administrators . There are several functions under each subsystem . This system simulates the daily attendance information management process of teachers , Develop student attendance information management system .
According to different access roles , The system should reflect the different access rights to educational administration resources , The administrator has the maximum authority , Ownership increase 、 Delete 、 Change 、 Authority of investigation , And the roles of teachers and students only have a limited increase 、 Change authority .
Student ： Because students are the role of Management , therefore , ad locum , What students need is to choose courses 、 Add attendance information , Functions such as asking for leave information, querying and modifying self information .
Teachers' ： Teachers are the role of management , therefore , Such users should have the right to manage students , Such as ： Check student information 、 Add course information 、 see , Modify attendance information , Examine and approve leave information, etc .
Administrators ： A complete management system should have a role user with the highest authority , therefore , here , The administrator is the role , The administrator has the highest authority of the entire project system .
namely ： The system administrator has the highest authority , Next is the teacher , And finally, the students .
Complete the student user and teacher user on the system permission , The functions of the system administrator are separated , And each function operation can get correct data and save it in the database .

3.2 Functional requirements analysis

The school student management information system is a management software developed for a large number of business processing work of the school personnel department , Is a typical management information system . It is an indispensable part of an educational unit , Its content is very important for school decision-makers and managers , It can provide users with sufficient information and quick query means . Can effectively help schools and teachers master the situation of students , Provide students with grades and courses
The specific system functional requirements are described as follows ：

1. Student information management
   Information about freshmen and graduates is added or deleted every semester , And all kinds of student information update ; This module supports the addition of students 、 Delete 、 Modify the information , And the teacher can query the student information
2. Course information management
   Each semester will add （ Delete ） Some new （ used ） The subject of , This module implements the addition of courses 、 Delete , And the function of modifying and updating course information
3. Administrator information management
   The administrator's information is also changed occasionally ; This module implements the addition of administrators 、 Delete , And the function of modifying administrator information
4. Teacher information management
   Similar to student information , Teachers' information also needs to be updated frequently , This module realizes the addition of teachers 、 Delete , And the function of modifying teacher information
5. Course selection information management
   A new course selection is required every semester ; This module supports students to select and withdraw courses , Support students to view the selected and unselected course information
6. Performance information management
   This module supports teachers to input students' grades in various subjects , At the same time, it supports students' performance query and summary statistics of various performance information , Such as total credits 、 Total score, etc
7. Curriculum management
   This module supports students to query their own course arrangement , At the same time, the administrator can modify and update the course arrangement information

3.3 Nonfunctional requirements

3.3.1 Data accuracy requirements

1. Increase in execution data 、 Delete 、 When modifying operations , Operation failure due to program reasons is not allowed ;
2. When performing data addition , Multiple increase or repeated increase is not allowed ;
3. When performing data deletion , Multiple deletion of data is not allowed ;
4. When performing data deletion , It is required to delete the associated data completely , If cannot delete , Please give a hint ;
5. When performing data modification , It is also required to maintain corresponding accuracy .

3.3.2 Interface requirements

1. The page content ： The course information is accurate , The terminology and writing format are unified 、 standard 、 clear , The column 、 The menu setting and layout are reasonable , The information conveyed is accurate 、 In time .
2. Navigation structure ： The page has clear navigation instructions , And easy to understand , Convenient for users .
3. Technical environment ： The page size is appropriate , Can use a variety of commonly used browsers to browse at different resolutions ; Error free links and empty Links .
4. style of art ： Interface 、 The image of the page is fresh and pleasing to the eye 、 Reasonable layout , The font size is appropriate 、 The font selection is reasonable , coherence , Beautiful and generous ; The color is harmonious and natural , Coordinate with the content .

3.3.3 Response time requirements

When the user does anything , The system should respond in a timely manner , The reaction time is 3 Within seconds . The system shall be able to monitor various abnormal conditions , If the communication with the equipment is interrupted , Unable to connect to database server , Avoid long waiting times or even no response .

3.3.4 Reliability requirements

The system shall ensure that 7*24 No downtime within hours , Guarantee 50 More than people can log in at the client at the same time , The system operates normally , Correctly prompt relevant contents .

3.3.5 Scalability requirements

The system design requirements can reflect the expansibility requirements , To meet the needs of future function expansion .

3.3.6 System security requirements

The website has strict permission management function , Each functional module must have corresponding permission to enter （ Such as teachers
And students have different access rights ）. The system shall be able to prevent data loss caused by various misoperations , damage . Prevent users from illegally obtaining web pages and content .

4. Experimental content

4.1 Data flow diagram

One 、 Top level data flow diagram ：

Two 、1 Layer data flow graph ：

3、 ... and 、2 Layer data flow graph
Manage student modules ：

Management course module ：

Administrator information module ：

Manage the teacher module ：

Course selection management and score management module ：

Course arrangement management module ：

4.2 The data dictionary

Data flow entry ：
Data stream name ： Query criteria
Data sources ： Student login processing
Where the data goes ： Student information sheet
explain ： Through the appropriate query conditions , Output student information
Data composition ： Student number + full name
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Course arrangement information
Data sources ： Course management information formulated by the administrator
Where the data goes ： Student course arrangement information
explain ： It is used to manage the course arrangement information of students
Data composition ： Course code + Course name + Substitute teachers + credits + Time
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Enter the score
Data sources ： How the teacher assesses the course
Where the data goes ： Student achievement management
explain ： Enter the student's grade information of course selection
Data composition ： Student number + full name + Course name + achievement + credits
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Basic information of students
Data sources ： Administrator's management of student information
Where the data goes ： Students, teachers and administrators get basic information about students
explain ： Query the basic information of students
Data composition ： Student number + full name + Gender + Date of birth + Is don't + major + grade
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Course selection information
Data sources ： The course information input by the teacher into the course selection management
Where the data goes ： Students' course selection information and performance management
explain ： Query students' course selection information
Data composition ： Course code + Course name + credits + Category + Teacher + The number of + class
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Students' grades and credits
Data sources ： Course selection management and score management
Where the data goes ： Students' grades and credit information
explain ： Query students' grades and credits
Data composition ： Course name + credits + Category + Assessment method + achievement + Minor marks
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Teacher information
Data sources ： Management teacher
Where the data goes ： The teacher inquires about his own information
explain ： Query the basic information of teachers
Data composition ： Teacher number + full name + Gender + The title + Date of birth + departments + Telephone
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 The data flow at the point is small

Data stream name ： Course information
Data sources ： Administrator course management
Where the data goes ： Student's Curriculum
explain ： Administrator's management of course information
Data composition ： Course code + Course name + Press. + author + major + Is don't + grade
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Administrator information
Data sources ： Administrator information management
Where the data goes ： Administrators query their own information
explain ： Basic administrator information
Data composition ： full name + Gender + date of birth + Telephone + The title
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 The data flow at the point is small

Data stream name ： Student course arrangement information
Data sources ： Manage the entry of course information
Where the data goes ： Students' course selection information
explain ： Student's Curriculum
Data composition ： Course code + Course name + Substitute teachers + credits + Time
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Student achievement information
Data sources ： How the teacher assesses the course
Where the data goes ： Students' query of the score information
explain ： Students' query on the scores of the selected courses
Data composition ： Course name + credits + Category + Assessment method + achievement
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Student course selection information
Data sources ： Administrator's formulation of the course
Where the data goes ： Student course selection management
explain ： Students can query the selected course information
Data composition ： Course code + Course name + credits + Category + Teacher + The number of + class
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Course selection statistics
Data sources ： Course selection management
Where the data goes ： Performance management
explain ： Make statistics on the students of the selected courses
Data composition ： Course code + Course name + Teacher + The number of + class
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Course selection query
Data sources ： Courses formulated by the management unit
Where the data goes ： Student course selection management
explain ： Students can query the selected course information
Data composition ： Course code + Course name + credits + Category + Teacher + The number of + class
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Score inquiry
Data sources ： The teacher's assessment of course selection
Where the data goes ： Student achievement management
explain ： Students can query the score information of the selected course
Data composition ： Course name + credits + Category + Assessment method + achievement
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data stream name ： Grade information
Data sources ： The teacher's assessment of course selection
Where the data goes ： Student achievement management
explain ： Students can query the score information of the selected course
Data composition ： Course name + credits + Category + Assessment method + achievement
Data traffic ： In the morning 9 Point to noon 12 spot , Afternoon 14 Point to 17 Point data flow is large

Data storage entries ：
Data store name ： Student information storage
Number ：D1
describe ： Reflect students' basic information
Definition ： Student information storage = Student number + full name + Gender + Date of birth + Is don't + major + grade
storage ： Database table

Data store name ： Course information storage
Number ：D2
describe ： Reflect the basic information of the course
Definition ： Course information storage = Course code + Course type + credits + Class hours
storage ： Database table

Data store name ： Administrator information storage
Number ：D3
describe ： Reflect the basic information of the administrator
Definition ： Administrator information storage = full name + Gender + date of birth + Telephone + The title
storage ： Database table

Data store name ： Teacher information storage
Number ：D4
describe ： Reflect the basic information of teachers
Definition ： Teacher information storage = Teacher number + full name + Gender + The title + Date of birth + departments + Telephone
storage ： Database table

Data store name ： Course selection information storage
Number ：D5
describe ： Reflect the basic information of course selection
Definition ： Course selection information storage = Course code + Course name + credits + Category + Teacher + The number of + class
storage ： Database table

Data store name ： Score information storage
Number ：D6
describe ： Reflect the basic information about students' grades
Definition ： Score information storage = Serial number + Course name + credits + Category + Assessment method + achievement
storage ： Database table

Data store name ： Course arrangement information storage
Number ：D7
describe ： Reflect the basic information of the course arrangement
Definition ： Course arrangement information storage = grade + major + class + departments + Weeks
storage ： Database table

Data item name ：
Data item name ： Student number
describe ： A number assigned by the school to each student
type ： character string
length ：12
Definition ： Student number =12 { Numeric character } 12

Data item name ： full name
type ： character string
length ：2-8
Definition ： full name =2 { Numeric character } 8

Data item name ： Gender
type ： Bit data
length ：1
Definition ： full name =[ male 、 Woman ]

Data item name ： Date of birth
type ： character string
length ：11
Definition ： full name =11 { Numeric character } 11

Data item name ： departments
type ： character string
length ：2-8
Definition ： full name =2 { character } 8

Data item name ： major
type ： character string
length ：2-8
Definition ： full name =2 { character } 8

Data item name ： grade
type ： character string
length ：4
Definition ： full name =4 { Numeric character } 4

Data item name ： Course code
type ： character string
length ：6
Definition ： full name =6 { Numeric character } 6

Data item name ： Course type
type ： character string
length ：8
Definition ： full name =8 character } 8

Data item name ： credits
type ： character string
length ：2
Definition ： full name =2 { Numeric character } 2

Data item name ： Class hours
type ： character string
length ：2
Definition ： full name =2 { Numeric character } 2

Data item name ： Assessment method
type ： character string
length ：8
Definition ： full name =8 { character } 8

Data item name ： achievement
type ： character string
length ：2
Definition ： full name =2 { Numeric character } 2

Data item name ： Teacher
type ： character string
length ：2-8
Definition ： full name =2 { character } 8

Data item name ： The number of
type ： character string
length ：2-3
Definition ： full name =2 { Numeric character } 3

Data item name ： class
type ： character string
length ：6
Definition ： full name =6 { character } 6

Data item name ： Teacher number
describe ： A number assigned by the school to each teacher
type ： character string
length ：12
Definition ： Student number =12 { Numeric character } 12

Data item name ： The title
type ： character string
length ：6
Definition ： full name =6 { character } 6

Data item name ： Telephone
type ： character string
length ：12
Definition ： full name =12 { Numeric character } 12

Data item name ： Weeks
type ： character string
length ：2
Definition ： full name =2 { Numeric character } 2

Basic processing entries ：

Processing name ： Course information management
describe ： When someone applies for an inquiry 、 Change course , Return relevant data
Input ： Apply for inquiry courses 、 Course information
Output ： Course information
Processing logic ： Accept the application to inquire about the course
THEN
Send course information according to the course number
ELSE Change the course information according to the course number

Processing name ： Student information management
describe ： When someone applies for an inquiry 、 Change student information , Return relevant data
Input ： Apply to query student information 、 Modify student information
Output ： Student information
Processing logic ： Accept applications for student courses
THEN
Send student information according to student id
ELSE Change student information according to student id

Processing name ： Teacher information management
describe ： When someone applies for an inquiry 、 Change teacher information , Return relevant data
Input ： Application inquiry 、 Change teacher information
Output ： Teacher information
Processing logic ： Accept the application to query the teacher information
THEN
Send personnel information according to the teacher number
ELSE Change the personnel information according to the teacher number

Processing name ： Management information management
describe ： When someone applies for an inquiry 、 Change administrator information , Return relevant data
Input ： Application inquiry 、 Change administrator information
Output ： Administrator information
Processing logic ： Accept the application to query the administrator information
THEN
Send personnel information according to the administrator name
ELSE Change the personnel information according to the administrator name

Processing name ： Course selection information management
describe ： When someone applies for a course 、 Drop out course 、 Query course selection information , Return relevant data
Input ： Apply for course selection 、 Drop out course 、 Query course selection information
Output ： Course selection information
Processing logic ： Accept application for course selection 、 Drop out course 、 Query course selection information
THEN
Change course selection information according to student number
ELSE Send course selection information according to student number

Processing name ： Performance information management
describe ： When someone applies to enter 、 Revise grades 、 Search for grade information , Return relevant data
Input ： Apply for entry 、 Revise grades 、 Search for grade information
Output ： Grade information
Processing logic ： Accept application entry 、 Revise grades 、 Search for grade information
THEN
Enter according to the student number 、 Modify score information
ELSE Send score information according to student id

Processing name ： Course arrangement information management
describe ： When someone applies for revision 、 Query course arrangement information , Return relevant data
Input ： Apply for modification 、 Query course arrangement information
Output ： Course arrangement information
Processing logic ： Accept the application for modification 、 Query course arrangement information
THEN
Modify the course arrangement information according to the course number
ELSE Send course arrangement information according to student ID or teacher id

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5. Summary of experiments

Through this experiment , Help me have a deeper understanding and understanding of the structural analysis of software engineering and data flow diagram , Let me have a better understanding of the requirements analysis in software engineering , Requirements analysis is the analysis of requirements statements , Resolve the ambiguity 、 Inconsistencies, etc , Express users' needs in a systematic way , That is to give a formal description of the problem . This experiment process made me understand that we should think about their needs from the perspective of users , At the same time, the idea of a good logical structure of the system is also very important .
At the same time, this experiment also let me understand the shortcomings and disadvantages of the previous project production process , I will continue to study software engineering , Help yourself have a clearer understanding of the overall process of software production .