The interface automation test with a monthly salary of 12k+ takes you to get started in 3 minutes

One 、 What is interface automation testing ？

A process in which a program or tool is used to test an interface instead of manual automation .

Two 、 Realization way ：

Tools （Jmeter,postman）

Code （python-requests）

3、 ... and 、 Disadvantages of test tools ：

The test data is not easy to control （ Cannot read or store directly json Format ）

It is inconvenient to encrypt test data

Lack of scalability （ Complex business logic ）

Four 、 The goal of this study is ： be based on python combination requesrs The library realizes interface automatic test

5、 ... and 、Requests Library Introduction ：

Use python Language writing

Using open source protocols , be based on urllib Secondary encapsulation of Library

Requests The corresponding interface test methods are encapsulated in the library

1、GET Method ( Response status code ：200)

#1. Guide pack 
import requests
#2. call get
url="http://127.0.0.1:8080/demo/cheliangxinxi/list/"
r=requests.get(url)
#3. Get request url Address 
print("url by ：",r.url)
#4. Get response status code 
print(" Status code for ：",r.status_code)
#5. Get response information , Text form 
print(" The response information is ：",r.text)
print(r.headers)
l=r.encoding='ASCI'
print(r.encoding)

2、GET Method request with parameters

#1. Guide pack 
import requests
 
#2. call get
url=" use Baidu Search , You will know "
# Parameters ：params: Dictionary or string （ A dictionary is recommended ）
# Dictionaries 
params={"id":1001,"kw":" Beijing "}  # %2c ASCI The value is comma 
# character string 
#r=requests.get(url,params="id=1001")
r=requests.get(url,params=params)
# Writing is not recommended 
#url=" use Baidu Search , You will know "
#3. Get request url Address 
print("url by ：",r.url)
#4. Get response status code 
print(" Status code for ：",r.status_code)
#5. Get response information , Text form 
print(" The response information is ：",r.text)

3、PUT Method （ Response status code ：200 or 201）

import requests
url="http://127.0.0.1:8080/demo/cheliangxinxi/edit/180/"
headers={"Content-Type":"application/json"}
data={
    "data": [{
        "id": "180",
        "chehao":"T01",
        "pinzhong": "Test college update"
    }]
}
 
r=requests.put(url,json=data,headers=headers)
print(r.json())
 
print(r.status_code)

4、POST Method （ Response status code ：201）

import requests
url="http://127.0.0.1:8080/demo/cheliangxinxi/add/"
headers={"Content-Type":"application/json"}
data={
    "data": [{
        "chehao":"T01",
        "pinzhong": "Test college "
    }]
}
 
r=requests.post(url,json=data,headers=headers)
print(r.json())
print(r.status_code)
print(r.text)

5、 Pass parameters json And data The difference in format ？

data: A dictionary object

json:json character string

6、 How to convert dictionary objects to json character string ？

1. Import json package

2.json.dumps( A dictionary object )

7、 The response data json() And text difference ？

json(): Double quotes , Return type Dictionary , You can get the value of the response through the key name

text: Single quotation marks , The type returned is string , Unable to get the value of the response from the key name

8、DELETE Method （ Response status code ：204）

import requests
url="http://127.0.0.1:8080/demo/cheliangxinxi/remove/190/"
r=requests.delete(url)
 
print(r.status_code)

6、 ... and 、 Method of response object

1.encoding

View the default request encoding format ： The response object .encoding

Set the response encoding format The response object .encoding=”utf-8”

2.headers Get the server response header

The response object .headers

3.cookies Get a response cokkies Information （ The server generates ）

4.text: Parse in text form

5.content: Parse the response content in bytecode form

6.json() With json Parse the response content in string format

7、 ... and 、 Case study ：

TPShop The verification code obtained by the mall , Landing successful , Get order information

import requests
import json
# Get verification code 
url="http://demo6.tp-shop.cn/index.php?m=Home&c=User&a=verify"
r=requests.get(url)
 
# obtain cookie
r_cookie=r.cookies
print(r_cookie)
print(" Get... Alone cookie value ：",r_cookie['PHPSESSID'])
 
# Set up cookie Variable 
cookies={"PHPSESSID":r_cookie['PHPSESSID']}
 
url_login="http://demo6.tp-shop.cn/index.php?m=Home&c=User&a=do_login"
data={
    "username": "15991986680",
    "password": "Wxm131411",
    "region": "8888"
}
r_login=requests.post(url=url_login,json=data,cookies=cookies)
print(r_login.json())
# Get order information 
url_order="http://demo6.tp-shop.cn/index.php/Home/Order/order_list.html"
r=requests.get(url=url_order,cookies=cookies)
print(r.text)

Session： Complete a session （ Start by creating a request connection between the client and the server , Disconnect from client and server... End ）

session It can automatically save the data generated by the server cookies Information , And automatically attach... To the next request .

application ： adopt session object . Method

session.get()

session.post()

session.put()

session.delete()

Whether it's requests still session The results are all responsebody

8、 ... and 、TPShop Case study session edition

import requests
import json
# Get verification code 
url="http://demo6.tp-shop.cn/index.php?m=Home&c=User&a=verify"
r=requests.get(url)
 
# obtain cookie
r_cookie=r.cookies
print(r_cookie)
print(" Get... Alone cookie value ：",r_cookie['PHPSESSID'])
 
# Set up cookie Variable 
cookies={"PHPSESSID":r_cookie['PHPSESSID']}
 
url_login="http://demo6.tp-shop.cn/index.php?m=Home&c=User&a=do_login"
data={
    "username": "15991986680",
    "password": "Wxm131411",
    "region": "8888"
}
session=requests.session()
r_login=session.post(url=url_login,json=data)
print(r_login.json())
# Get order information 
url_order="http://demo6.tp-shop.cn/index.php/Home/Order/order_list.html"
r=session.get(url=url_order)
print(r.text)

Nine 、unittest And requests combination

Inherit unittest.TestCase, With test The first method is a use case

setup:

effect ：test Before starting method execution , Will be executed first

teardown:

effect ：test After starting method execution , Will be performed

test_login_success:

effect ： Landing successful

test_username_not_exist

effect ： Login failed , The username does not exist

test_password_error

effect ： Login failed , Wrong password

import unittest
import requests
class TPShopLogin(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        # obtain session object 
        self.session=requests.session()
        # land url
        self.url_login="http://demo6.tp-shop.cn/index.php?m=Home&c=User&a=do_login"
        # Verification Code url
        self.url_verify="http://demo6.tp-shop.cn/index.php?m=Home&c=User&a=verify"
 
    def tearDown(self):
        self.session.close()
        # close session
 
    def test_login_sucess(self):
        # Request verification code 
        self.session.get(self.url_verify)
        data = {
            "username": "15991986680",
            "password": "Wxm131411",
            "region": "8888"
        }
        # Request to log in 
        r=self.session.post(self.url_login,json=data)
        # Assertion 
        try:
          self.assertEqual(" Landing successful ",r.json()['msg'])
        except AssertionError as e:
          print(e)
    def test_username_not_exist(self):
        #  Request verification code 
        self.session.get(self.url_verify)
        data = {
            "username": "159919866801",
            "password": "Wxm131411",
            "region": "8888"
        }
        #  Request to log in 
        r = self.session.post(self.url_login, json=data)
        #  Assertion 
        try:
            self.assertEqual(" The username does not exist ", r.json()['msg'])
        except AssertionError as e:
            print(e)
    def test_password_error(self):
        #  Request verification code 
        self.session.get(self.url_verify)
        data = {
            "username": "15991986680",
            "password": "Wxm13141111",
            "region": "8888"
        }
        #  Request to log in 
        r = self.session.post(self.url_login, json=data)
        #  Assertion 
        try:
            self.assertEqual(" Wrong password ", r.json()['msg'])
        except AssertionError as e:
            print(e)
 
    def test_verify_error(self):
        #  Request verification code 
        self.session.get(self.url_verify)
        data = {
            "username": "15991986680",
            "password": "Wxm13141111",
            "region": "8888"
        }
        #  Request to log in 
        r = self.session.post(self.url_login, json=data)
        #  Assertion 
        try:
            self.assertEqual(" Verification code error ", r.json()['msg'])
        except AssertionError as e:
            print(e)
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    unittest.main()

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A little help

Finally, thank everyone who reads my article carefully , Watching the rise and attention of fans all the way , Reciprocity is always necessary , Although it's not very valuable , If you can use it, you can take it

​ These materials , For those who want to advance 【 automated testing 】 For our friends, it should be the most comprehensive and complete war preparation warehouse , This warehouse also accompanied me through the most difficult journey , I hope it can help you ！ Everything should be done as soon as possible , Especially in the technology industry , We must improve our technical skills . I hope that's helpful ….