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嵌入式系统硬件构成-嵌入式系统硬件体系结构
2022-06-12 12:41:00 【咸鱼弟】

嵌入式系统核心板组成
嵌入式系统硬件平台结构主要分为2大部分:一部分为系统主板,为嵌入式最小系统,包括ARM CPU、flash存储器、SDRAM、串口、键盘等最基本部分,如上所示。另一部分为系统扩展板,提供了用于完成各个不同硬件的功能模块,如下图所示。

嵌入式系统扩展板组成
嵌入式处理器目前主要有Power PC、68000、MIPS、ARM系列等。本教材的目标芯片是基于ARM(Advanced RISC Machines)的s3c6410。常用的嵌入式外围设备则有存储设备、通信设备和显示设备三类。相关支撑硬件包括显示卡、存储介质(ROM和RAM等)、通信设备、IC卡或信用卡的读取设备等。嵌入式系统有别于一般的计算机处理系统,它不具备像硬盘那样大容量的存储介质,而大多使用闪存(flash Memory)作为存储介质。
典型嵌入式硬件系统
(1)前向通道(输入接口):模拟量输入接口(传感器、滤波器、放大器)+数字量输入接口
(2)后向通道(输出接口):模拟量输出接口+数字量输出接口
(3)人机交互通道:键盘、触摸屏、LED、LCD
(4)相互互联通信通道:以太网接口、USB接口、串口、485、232、IIC、IIS、SPI、CAN、WiFi、蓝牙等
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