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学习八股文的知识点~~1
2022-07-02 17:21:00 【苗苗大佬】
1、什么是ppp协议
互联网通常需要连接到某个互联网服务提供商之后才能接入到互联网
ppp协议是计算机和互联网通信是所使用的数据链路层的协议
2、主机之间的通信方式
1)单工通信
2)半双工通信
3)全双工通信
3、icmp
实现ip协议未实现的部分功能,是一种网络层协议
该协议并不传输数据,只传输控制信息来辅助网络层同心
主要验证网络是否通畅以及辅助ip协议实现可靠传输(ping)
4、路由器和交换机的区别
和路由器的区别在于,交换机使用硬件工作,快,只能处理简单的路由转发,路由器用软件实现,较慢,能实现复杂网络路由。
5、子网掩码
把ip地址分成网络地址和主机地址两个部分
6、tcp三次握手
客户端:客户端给服务端发送syn请求
服务端:服务端接收到syn请求,返回syn+ack请求
客户端:客户端接收到syn+ack请求,返回ack请求
7、 tcp四次挥手
客户端:发送fin请求给服务端,并进入fin_wait_1 状态
服务端:收到fin请求后,发送ack给客户端
客户端:收到ack请求后进入fin_wait_2状态,等待服务端发来fin请求
服务端:发送ack请求给客户端,一段时间后,发送fin给客户端
客户端:收到fin请求进入fin_wait状态,等待一段时间,关闭连接
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