Unity常用的一些简易扩展方法

引言

在unity项目的日常开发中，会发现unity现有的一些类的方法不是特别够用，但有些方法使用频率又很高，这时候，我们就可以用到Extension Method 扩展方法，实现自定义的扩展方法。

其次，扩展方法也可以使写法更简便一些。

附：Unity官方教程：教程

实现方法

步骤一

创建一个静态类，没有任何继承。

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;

/// <summary>
/// unity扩展类
/// image
/// </summary>
public static class ImageExtension
{
	
}

步骤二

创建一个静态方法，这个方法的第一个参数使用this，类型为你需要扩展的类名，如Transform，Image等，之后的参数根据自己需求添加。

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;

/// <summary>
/// Unity扩展类
/// Image
/// </summary>
public static class ImageExtension
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 改变图片的透明度
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="image"></param>
    /// <param name="a">透明度，[0, 1]</param>
    public static void ChangeAlpha(this Image image, float alpha)
    {
        Color oldColor = image.color;
        image.color = new Color(oldColor.r, oldColor.g, oldColor.b, alpha);
    }
}

使用方式

Image img;
img.ChangeAlpha(1);

常用的一些扩展

以下的扩展是我自己在使用的过程中，觉得比较好使的一些扩展。

图片Image

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;

/// <summary>
/// Unity扩展类
/// Image
/// </summary>
public static class ImageExtension
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 改变图片的透明度
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="image"></param>
    /// <param name="a">透明度，[0, 1]</param>
    public static void ChangeAlpha(this Image image, float alpha)
    {
        Color oldColor = image.color;
        image.color = new Color(oldColor.r, oldColor.g, oldColor.b, alpha);
    }
}

Gameobject

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

/// <summary>
/// Unity扩展类
/// Gameobject
/// </summary>
public static class GameobjectExtension
{

    /// <summary>
    /// 改变对象的层级
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="gameobject">对象</param>
    /// <param name="layerName">层级名称</param>
    public static void ChangeLayer(this GameObject gameobject, string layerName)
    {
        int layer = LayerMask.NameToLayer(layerName);
        if (gameobject)
        {
            foreach (Transform traform in gameobject.GetComponentsInChildren<Transform>(true))
            {
                traform.gameObject.layer = layer;
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 改变对象的层级
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="gameobject">对象</param>
    /// <param name="layer">层级编号</param>
    public static void ChangeLayer(this GameObject gameobject, int layer)
    {
        if (gameobject)
        {
            foreach (Transform traform in gameobject.GetComponentsInChildren<Transform>(true))
            {
                traform.gameObject.layer = layer;
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 给对象加上元件
    /// 对象身上不存在这个元件
    /// 存在则不作处理
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T">元件</typeparam>
    /// <param name="gameObject">对象</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static T AddComponentIfNotFound<T>(this GameObject gameObject) where T : Component
    {
        T component = gameObject.GetComponent<T>();

        if (component == null)
        {
            component = gameObject.AddComponent<T>();
        }

        return component;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 移除物体上挂载的脚本
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="gameObject"></param>
    public static void Remove<T>(this GameObject gameObject) where T : MonoBehaviour
    {
        if (gameObject.GetComponent<T>())
        {
            GameObject.Destroy(gameObject.GetComponent<T>());
        }
    }
}

MonoBehaviour

using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Events;

/// <summary>
/// Unity扩展类
/// MonoBehaviour
/// </summary>
public static class MonoBehaviourExtension
{

    /// <summary>
    /// 起协程
    /// 先等待延迟，然后运行事件
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="action">事件</param>
    /// <param name="time">延迟时间</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static Coroutine WaitSomeTime(this MonoBehaviour mono, float time, UnityAction action)
    {
        return mono.StartCoroutine(WaitSomeTime(action, time));
    }
    private static IEnumerator WaitSomeTime(UnityAction action, float time)
    {
        yield return new WaitForSeconds(time);
        if (action != null)
        {
            action();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 起协程
    /// 先等待延迟，然后运行事件
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="action">事件</param>
    /// <param name="time">延迟时间</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static Coroutine WaitOneUpdate(this MonoBehaviour mono, UnityAction action)
    {
        return mono.StartCoroutine(WaitOneUpdate(action));
    }
    private static IEnumerator WaitOneUpdate(UnityAction action)
    {
        yield return null;
        if (action != null)
        {
            action();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 起协程
    /// 先等待延迟，然后运行事件
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="action">事件</param>
    /// <param name="time">延迟时间</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static Coroutine WaitEndOfFrame(this MonoBehaviour mono, UnityAction action)
    {
        return mono.StartCoroutine(WaitrEndOfFrame(action));
    }
    private static IEnumerator WaitrEndOfFrame(UnityAction action)
    {
        yield return null;
        if (action != null)
        {
            action();
        }
    }
}

Transform

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections.Generic;

/// <summary>
/// transform扩展类
/// </summary>
public static class TransformExtension
{

    /// <summary>
    /// 改变对象的层级
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="tran">对象</param>
    /// <param name="layerName">层级名称</param>
    public static void ChangeLayer(this Transform tran, string layerName)
    {
        int layer = LayerMask.NameToLayer(layerName);
        if (tran)
        {
            foreach (Transform traform in tran.GetComponentsInChildren<Transform>(true))
            {
                traform.gameObject.layer = layer;
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 改变对象的层级
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="tran">对象</param>
    /// <param name="layer">层级编号</param>
    public static void ChangeLayer(this Transform tran, int layer)
    {
        if (tran)
        {
            foreach (Transform traform in tran.GetComponentsInChildren<Transform>(true))
            {
                traform.gameObject.layer = layer;
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 设置绝对位置的x坐标
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="transform"><see cref="Transform" />对象</param>
    /// <param name="newValue">x 坐标值</param>
    public static void SetPositionX(this Transform transform, float newValue)
    {
        Vector3 originalPos = transform.position;
        originalPos.x = newValue;
        transform.position = originalPos;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 设置绝对位置的y坐标
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="transform"><see cref="Transform" />对象</param>
    /// <param name="newValue">y 坐标值</param>
    public static void SetPositionY(this Transform transform, float newValue)
    {
        Vector3 originalPos = transform.position;
        originalPos.y = newValue;
        transform.position = originalPos;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 设置绝对位置的z坐标
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="transform"><see cref="Transform" />对象</param>
    /// <param name="newValue">z 坐标值</param>
    public static void SetPositionZ(this Transform transform, float newValue)
    {
        Vector3 originalPos = transform.position;
        originalPos.z = newValue;
        transform.position = originalPos;
    }
}

结语

写的不好，望各种大佬指正。