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Common usage of curl command

2022-07-27 12:21:00 【LOOPY_ Y】

CURL Commands are commonly used

1 Grammar and common options
- 1.1 grammar
- 1.2 Options
2 HTTP Interface call example
- 2.1 GET request
- 2.2 POST request
3 WebService Interface call example

This article refers to the following articles , The content of this article is limited , For more information, please see the reference articles listed below ：
https://www.coonote.com/linux/linux-cmd-curl.html
https://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2011/09/curl.html
https://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2019/09/curl-reference.html

1 Grammar and common options

1.1 grammar

curl  ( Options )  ( Parameters )

1.2 Options

Here are just a few options that I think are commonly used , Want to know more , You can see https://www.coonote.com/linux/linux-cmd-curl.html.

Options	explain
-H / --header	Custom header information
-b / --cookie <name=string/file>	cookie String or file read location
-d / --data	HTTP POST Way to transmit data
-X / --request	What order to give
-i / --include	The output contains the header information of the response
-I / --head	Only the header information of the response is output
-v	The whole process of output communication , For debugging

▉-H Used to add HTTP Request header information

Add a single request header ：

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://www.test.com

perhaps

curl --header "Content-Type: application/json" http://www.test.com

Add multiple request headers ：

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" —H "Accept-Language: zh-CN" http://www.test.com

Equate to

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json; Accept-Language: en-US" http://www.test.com

▉-b Used to send... To the server Cookie data

curl -b "name=value" http://www.test.com

Or from cookiesFile Get to the cookie Information

curl -b cookiesFile http://www.test.com

▉-d Used for sending POST Request body in request Body data

for example ：

curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -X POST -d '{"name": "july","password": "123456"}' http://www.test.com

Put the request body data into the file , To configure -d @filename, Then you can go from filename Get the request body data in the file , as follows ：

curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -X POST -d @data.txt http://www.test.com

another , Attention should be paid to , If the request body data adopts json Format , Be sure to configure the request header Content-Type by application/json, Because use -d After the parameter ,HTTP The request will automatically add a request header Content-Type by application/x-www-form-urlencoded, Turn request to POST Method （ Therefore, it can be omitted -X POST）.

▉-X Is used to specify the HTTP Request method of （GET、POST etc. ）

send out POST request ：

curl -X POST http://www.test.com

send out GET request ：

curl -X GET http://www.test.com

send out DELETE request ：

curl -X DELETE http://www.test.com

▉-i The output contains the header information of the response

After the command receives the server response , First output the header of the server response , Then leave a blank line , Then output the source code of the web page or return information .

D:\>curl -i https://www.baidu.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 2443
Content-Type: text/html
Date: Mon, 30 May 2022 12:33:22 GMT
Etag: "588603e2-98b"
Last-Modified: Mon, 23 Jan 2017 13:23:46 GMT
Pragma: no-cache
Server: bfe/1.0.8.18
Set-Cookie: BDORZ=27315; max-age=86400; domain=.baidu.com; path=/

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge><meta content=always name=referrer><link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css><title> use Baidu Search , You will know </title></head> <body link=#0000cc> <div id=wrapper> <div id=head> <div class=head_wrapper> <div class=s_form> <div class=s_form_wrapper> <div id=lg> <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129> </div> <form id=form name=f action=//www.baidu.com/s class=fm> <input type=hidden name=bdorz_come value=1> <input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8> <input type=hidden name=f value=8> <input type=hidden name=rsv_bp value=1> <input type=hidden name=rsv_idx value=1> <input type=hidden name=tn value=baidu><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input id=kw name=wd class=s_ipt value maxlength=255 autocomplete=off autofocus=autofocus></span><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type=submit id=su value= use Baidu Search  class="bg s_btn" autofocus></span> </form> </div> </div> <div id=u1> <a href=http://news.baidu.com name=tj_trnews class=mnav> Journalism </a> <a href=https://www.hao123.com name=tj_trhao123 class=mnav>hao123</a> <a href=http://map.baidu.com name=tj_trmap class=mnav> Map </a> <a href=http://v.baidu.com name=tj_trvideo class=mnav> video </a> <a href=http://tieba.baidu.com name=tj_trtieba class=mnav> tieba </a> <noscript> <a href=http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&amp;tpl=mn&amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2f%3fbdorz_come%3d1 name=tj_login class=lb> Sign in </a> </noscript> <script>document.write('<a href="http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&tpl=mn&u='+ encodeURIComponent(window.location.href+ (window.location.search === "" ? "?" : "&")+ "bdorz_come=1")+ '" name="tj_login" class="lb"> Sign in </a>');
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D:\>

▉-I Only the header information of the response is output

After the command receives the server response , Only the header of the server response is output , No longer output the source code of the web page or return information .

D:\>curl -I https://www.baidu.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 277
Content-Type: text/html
Date: Mon, 30 May 2022 12:33:32 GMT
Etag: "575e1f59-115"
Last-Modified: Mon, 13 Jun 2016 02:50:01 GMT
Pragma: no-cache
Server: bfe/1.0.8.18
D:\>

▉-v The whole process of output communication , For debugging

As follows GET Request calling http://localhost:8082/word?keyWord=water Print content of ：

D:\>curl -v http://localhost:8082/word?keyWord=water
*   Trying 127.0.0.1:8082...
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 8082 (#0)
> GET /word?keyWord=water HTTP/1.1
> Host: localhost:8082
> User-Agent: curl/7.79.1
> Accept: */*
>
* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse
< HTTP/1.1 200
< Vary: Origin
< Vary: Access-Control-Request-Method
< Vary: Access-Control-Request-Headers
< Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked
< Date: Mon, 30 May 2022 12:15:24 GMT
<
{
    "code":200,"msg":" Successful operation ","success":true,"data":[],"time":"2022-05-30 20:15:24"}
* Connection #0 to host localhost left intact
D:\>

2 HTTP Interface call example

2.1 GET request

Call without parameters ：

curl --request GET http://www.test.com

Equate to ：

curl -X GET http://www.test.com

Call with parameters ：

curl --request GET http://www.test.com?name=test&password=12345

because curl The default is HTTP GET request , That is, it can also be directly omitted -X GET（ or --request GET）：

curl https://www.baidu.com

2.2 POST request

curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -X POST -d '{"name": "july","password": "123456"}' http://www.test.com

Request body data from file data.txt Read from ：

curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -X POST -d @data.txt http://www.test.com

Or omit -X POST：

curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d @data.txt http://www.test.com

3 WebService Interface call example

webservice It's actually post Request plus xml data , So use curl post Request simulation webservice. as follows ,data.xml Is requested xml data .

curl -H "Content-Type: text/xml;charset=UTF-8" -H "SOAPAction: ''" -X POST -d @data.xml http://ip:port/xxxxxService?wsdl

It's best to complete SOAPAction Value ：

curl -H 'Content-Type: text/xml;charset=UTF-8' -H 'SOAPAction: "testxxx"' -X POST -d @data.xml http://ip:port/xxxxxService?wsdl

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