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[线性代数] 1.1 二阶与三阶行列式
2022-06-29 02:32:00 【Michael_Lzy】
一、二阶行列式
二元线性方程组:

把
这四个数按它们在方程组(1)中的位置,排成二行二列的数表

表达式
称为数表(3)所确定的二阶行列式,并记作

数
(i=1,2;j=1,2)称为行列式(4)的元素或元。
元素
的第一个下标 i 称为行标,表明该元素位于第 i 行;第二个下标 j 称为列标,表明该元素位于第j列。
位于第i行第j列的元素称为行列式(4)的(i,j)元。
上述二阶行列式的定义,可用对角线法则来记忆。

参看图1.1,把a11到a22的实连线称为主对角线,a12到a21的虚连线称为副对角线。
二阶行列式便是 主对角线上的两元素之积 减去 副对角线上两元素之积 所得的差。
二、三阶行列式


(6)式称为数表(5)所确定的三阶行列式。
对角线法则也适用于三阶行列式。(对角线法则只适用于二阶与三阶行列式)


参考资料:
工程数学线性代数第六版
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