[test development] first knowledge of software testing

What is software testing ？

When we first learned about software testing , There must be people who think ,** Software testing is not about finding fault with developers , Find him BUG, Allow developers to BUG Do you ？** Find... In the software BUG, Find defects in the software .

In fact, software testing is to verify whether the functions of the software meet the needs of users . Of course, what the blogger said above is rough . Find... In the software BUG, Let developers modify , This is also to create a better software , Meet the requirements of Party A's father , User needs .

In the early , People see testing more as an impact on software products “ test ”, Check whether each function of the software works normally .

1983 year ,Bill Hetzel Define software testing as ： Software testing is a series of activities , These activities are to evaluate a program or

The characteristics or capabilities of a software system , And determine whether it has achieved its expected effect .

The difference between software testing and software development ？

1. Software testing and software development itself ： The specialty required for software development is high , But the breadth is small . Software testing requires a wide range of skills , But the professional degree is low .

2. Software testing and software debugging ：

Software debugging , It is the software developer who wants to ensure that the program meets the functions that he makes the program realize .

software test , It is the software tester who stands on the user's side , Ensure that the software meets the user's needs .

3. People needed in the software development phase ： Software developer . Personnel required for the software testing phase ： Testers and test developers

4. Usually during the interview , Maybe the interviewer will ask , Software testing is after the developer finishes coding , Just now ？

At this time, we must be clear about it , Nowadays, software testing has run through the whole life cycle of software development . in other words , Software testers are needed from the start , To analyze the needs .

5. The salary difference between software testing and software development ： In fact, in big factories , In fact, they all have different levels , Whether it's development , test , Test development at the same level , They all get the same salary . But in small and medium-sized factories , I don't know , Maybe the salary of testing will be a little lower than that of development .

6. The future of software testing ： In fact, the prospect of software testing is quite good . In the early days people , There are not many requirements for software , But now we have entered the era of science and technology , People's growing demand is increasing . So software testing / Test development will certainly have a great future .

What are the requirements for becoming a software tester ( The core competitiveness of software testers )？

1. Ability communication skills Learning ability Development capability Ability to describe in words

   • communication skills ： A good tester must have communication skills , Because after we test the software , If you find it BUG, Then it is necessary to communicate with software developers , Let him revise BUG. If your communication skills are inadequate , It will certainly not go so smoothly on the test road , It also brings trouble to your work .
   • Learning ability ： Not just testing / Test developers need to learn , People working on the Internet need to learn . otherwise , Or that sentence , Don't study today , Garbage tomorrow .
   • Development capability ： If you want to engage in test development, you must have development ability , Because I have to write some automated test scripts , Convenient for testers to test .
   • Ability to describe in words ： The tester submits a to the developer BUG, You have to put this BUG, Speak clearly . Otherwise, it is ambiguous , No one can understand .

2. Test case writing ability

   • Test case design capability refers to , No matter what type of test , Can be designed to find defects efficiently , Excellent test cases to ensure product quality .

   • How to improve the ability of test case design ？

     1, Master the method of designing test cases

     2, The accumulation of , summary

     3, Read good test case design cases

3. Automated testing capabilities

   • Master automatic testing technology , It can free you from a lot of repetitive manual work , In this way, more energy can be spent on more types of On the test .

4. Interest in

   • Only interested in one job , Then you can do your job well .

5. Responsibility , Strong pressure resistance

   • A sense of responsibility is necessary for any job , For testers ：

     Testing is often the last gatekeeper of product quality ; Because the test results are difficult to measure , Test case execution 、bug The quantity can not tell whether the quality of the product is qualified ; therefore , A sense of responsibility is one of the most important test qualities . pressure , Test workers , In particular, the Internet industry needs to be able to withstand various pressures .

6. Exploratory thinking

   • No rules, Uncle , Divergent thinking , Be able to think about problems in combination with practice .

   • Case study ： Test an automatic ticket vending machine .

     positive , reverse , The border , pressure , performance , Power consumption , power failure , appearance , No change … Design a test point for testing an automatic ticket vending machine .

     We usually buy tickets on the ticket machine .

     Select the departure and arrival stations -----------> Select train number --------------> Choose a seat --------------> Verification of ID card --------> payment -----------> Ticket collection

     1. Enter a site that does not exist , Prompt that there is no such station

     2. The tickets of this train have been sold out , Unable to buy tickets

     3. Cancel after selecting train number , Can't buy

     4. The ID card information does not exist , Verification failed , Unable to buy tickets

     5. Student ID verification failed , You can't buy half a ticket

     6. Whether to accept the transfer station to arrive at , If you accept , There are two tickets

        Seat selection ：

        1. First class seat , Second-class seat , Business block （ Optional ）

        2. Seats are sold out , ticket for standing room ( Optional )

        3. Both seats and station tickets are sold out , Can't buy

        4. Whether to stand by when there is no ticket

        5. Choose whether to ship

        6. The selected seat number has been occupied by others , Whether to accept random seat arrangement by the system

     Verification of ID card ：
     1. Existing ID card , The ID card is valid , The verification is successful
     2. Degaussing of ID card
     3. Fake ID card
     4. Other cards substitute for ID verification , Verification failed
     5. The lost ID card can also be purchased
     6. You can buy with your temporary ID card
     payment ：
     QR code ( Alipay , WeChat )： Failure , Use the code scanning function of Alipay to scan the QR code of wechat ,app Lack of balance , QR code failure , Payment password error .
     Use a bank card ： Report the loss of , Lack of balance , Payment password error , Bank cards are frozen , Degaussing , Unsupported card
     Use of cash ： Counterfeit money , Foreign currency , Cash breakage , Insufficient cash limit entered , Enter more cash , Give change
     Ticket collection ：
     The ticket machine is out of power , The ticket machine is disconnected , The ticket machine is out of order , There is no ticket bottom ( There is no paper , Unable to print ), No ink . Prompt the user , Contact the station staff to handle it manually . Whether to print the work ticket information for ticket collection .
     The ticket taken out is not the ticket the user wants ( Not the ticket purchased by the user , It does not match the site the user arrives at )