How to create your own repository for software packages on Debian

There are many reasons why you want to build your own local repository . This is a good way to create a local image repository to cache common software packages used by many computers to save bandwidth , Or you may want to provide some modified packages for the development team internally .

In this tutorial , We will show you how to relax establish And Debian and Ubuntu Version compatible local Debian Package Repository .

The first 1 Step ： Install the required package

Based on Debian On the system , All repositories are made up of APT Utilities （apt、apt-get、apt-cache etc. ） management . Create with APT Compatible local repositories require dpkg-dev software package .

First update the system package with the following command ：

$ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Next, install by typing dpkg-dev software package ：

$ sudo apt-get install dpkg-dev

After package installation , Continue to create directories for package files .

The first 2 Step ： Create a directory for the local repository

Create a directory to store binary packages . For this example , We will use /opt/local/debs, But you can use any directory you like .

$ sudo mkdir -p /opt/local/debs

Next , Change directory ：

$ cd /opt/local/debs

The first 3 Step ： Add the package to the local repository directory

For the purposes of this tutorial , We will chrome-browser Download the package to our local repository , Because by default Ubuntu It cannot be found in the repository ：

$ sudo wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

In this step , You can copy or download any number of packages .

The first 4 Step ： by APT Create the required repository package elements

So , We have to run several dpkg-scanpackages command . I will switch to root User account , Because I'm using /opt/local Directory to skip using sudo.

$ sudo su

First , We will create one by running the following command Release file ：

# dpkg-scanpackages . /dev/null > Release

Based on the number of packages you add to the local repository , You should get similar output ：

dpkg-scanpackages: warning: Packages in archive but missing from override file:

dpkg-scanpackages: warning: google-chrome-stable

dpkg-scanpackages: info: Wrote 1 entries to output Packages file.

Next, scan all in the directory deb file , And create a suitable Packages.gz file

# dpkg-scanpackages . /dev/null | gzip -9c > Packages.gz

Output ：

dpkg-scanpackages: warning: Packages in archive but missing from override file:

dpkg-scanpackages: warning: google-chrome-stable

dpkg-scanpackages: info: Wrote 1 entries to output Packages file.

Please note that , Each time a new deb When a package is added to the local repository directory , Must run these commands . You can also create a simple bash Script and run it when adding a new package .

To list local repo Directory structure , Please run ls command ：

$ ls -l

Output ：

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 83325072 May 8 02:29 google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 761 May 17 20:44 Packages.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1321 May 17 20:39 Release

The first 5 Step ： Add our local repository to Sources.list

The last step is editing sources.list file . Edit the file using the editor of your choice ：

$ sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Add the following line to your /etc/apt/sources.list：

deb [trusted=yes] file:/opt/local/debs ./

Now we will test our local repository .

The first 6 Step ： verification

We can verify by installing or removing packages from the local repository .

First we must update the software package ：

$ sudo apt-get update

Now we use it as usual apt-get Install our package ：

$ sudo apt-get install google-chrome-stable

Now your local package can use Synaptic、aptitude and apt Command to install 、 Update and delete ：apt-get、apt-cache etc. . When you run apt-get install when , Any dependencies will be resolved and installed for you , As long as they can meet .

We can delete installed packages as easily as any installed packages on the system ：

$ sudo apt-get remove google-chrome-stable

Conclusion

In this tutorial , We learned how to create our own local Debian Repository and add locally / Remove package . These steps apply to most... Based Debian Distribution version .