Three software installation methods

Source package installation

shortcoming ： Need to install c Language library

To install the source package, you need to install the compiler ：

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make

1. gcc yes GNU Compiler Collection（ Namely GNU Compiler Suite ）, You can also think of it as a compiler , It can compile many programming languages （ enclosed C、C++、Objective-C、Fortran、Java wait ）.
2. When your program has only one source file , It can be used directly gcc Command to compile it .
3. But when your program contains many source files ,make Tools can be seen as an intelligent batch tool , It doesn't compile and link itself , But in a way similar to batch processing — By calling makefile The command specified by the user in the file is used for compiling and linking .
4. make Tools are based on makefile The commands in are compiled and linked .,makefile The command contains the call gcc（ It can also be another compiler ） The command to compile a source file .

3. But when your program contains many source files ,

Recommended installation location ：/usr/local

• Installation steps

1. Download the source code installation package
2. decompression
3. And enter
4. make compile
   make install Compilation and installation

RPM install

shortcoming ： Can't resolve dependencies , Like installation a Software , You have to install b Software ,c Software

Only with the installation package

• RPM Package installation location

route	meaning
/etc/	Profile installation directory
/usr/bin/	Executable command installation directory
/usr/lib/	The storage location of the function library used by the program
/usr/share/doc/	Basic software user manual storage location
/usr/share/man/	Help file save location

• RPM command ：

rpm

 Parameters 
-i： Install package 
-q： Query package , and -a Use together to list all packages installed 
-e： Remove package 
-U： Upgrade an installed software package 
-V： Verify the installed packages 
-h： Show installation progress bar 
--nodeps ： Don't check dependencies 

 Use a combination of 
-ivh： install 
-Uvh： upgrade 
-qa： Inquire about 
-e： uninstall 

Yum install

redhat Held by the installation RMP Package tools ,centOS Free trial ,redhat Need to pay

• yum Common commands for package operation ：

1. Use YUM Find package  
 command ：yum search 

2. List all installable packages  
 command ：yum list 

3. List all updatable packages  
 command ：yum list updates 

4. List all installed packages  
 command ：yum list installed 

5. List all installed but not in  Yum Repository  Software package in  
 command ：yum list extras 

6. List the specified packages  
 command ：yum list 

7. Use YUM Get package information  
 command ：yum info 

8. List all package information  
 command ：yum info 

9. List all updated package information  
 command ：yum info updates 

10. List all installed packages  
 command ：yum info installed 

11. List all installed but not in  Yum Repository  Package information in  
 command ：yum info extras 

12. List which files the package provides  
 command ：yum provides

Create your own warehouse

View the warehouse provided by the system （ To use these warehouses, you must have access to the Internet ）

ls /etc/yum.repos.d/

1.、 Create directory , As a warehouse

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mkdir myyum

2.、 Move the items in the system warehouse to the warehouse we created

mv CentOS* myyum/

3、 Write warehouse information

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
vi myyum.repo// The only suffix to be written on the system , Represents that this directory is a warehouse 

In this file, write 5 That's ok Left and right .

1. [name]

name Is to fill in the name of the warehouse

2. name = It is yum cdrom

It is yum cdrom Is a description of this file

3. baseurl= file:// / The path to the package

The location of the software package , It can be file, ftp, http .

4. enable=1

1 Indicates that the path is available ,0 Means not available

5. gpgcheck=0

Whether to carry out gpg Check , Do not check by default , If checking, import the public key and private key

4、 eliminate 、 Check the warehouse

yum clean all  // clear yum Source cache 
yum repolist   // check   check yum Source 
yum list       // see yum Files in the source 

5、 Start installation

yum search   Package name   // Search package 
yum install  Package name   // Install package 
yum remove   Package name   // Remove package 

To minimize the Linux Install some common software （ Need to restart ）

yum install vim -y // install  vim  Editor  -y Default consent that requires consent 
yum install bash-completion  // Install the automatic replenishment command 

Linux Service management

Service classification

• Query installed services

1、RPM Package installation services ：

service --status -all  // You can see rpm All service status （ Red hat ）

chkconfig -list    // View the status of all self starting Services 

2、 Source code package installation service ：

View the service installation location , It's usually /usr/local/ Next

RPM Package installation services

1、 Independent service

/etc/init.d/： Start script location J
/etc/sysconfig/： Initialize environment profile location
/etc/： Profile location
/etc/xinetd.conf：xinetd The configuration file
/etc/xinetd.d/： be based on xinetd Service startup script
/var/lib/： The data generated by the service is placed here
/var/log/： journal

• Start of independent service

/etc/init.d/ Independent service name start|stop|status|restart|

• Self start of independent service

1、chkconfig [- -level Operation level ] [ Independent service name ] [ on | off ] （[ ] Delegates can choose ）
2、 modify /etc/rc.d/rc.local file
3、 Use ntsysv Command management starts itself

2、 be based on xinetd service

• install xinetd And telnet

less and less

yum -y install xinetd
yum -y install telnet-server

Source code package service

1、 Startup of source package installation service

Using absolute paths , Call the startup script to start . Different source packages have different startup scripts . You can view the installation instructions of the source package , See how to start the script .

/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl   start | stop

2、 Self start of source package service

vi /etc/rc. d/rc. local

 Join in 
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start