Gateway routing gateway

Official website address: SpringCloud Gateway

Speaking of routing, the first thing you must think of is the router at home, so what role does the router in our home play?

We know that if we need to connect to the Internet, then we need to connect the mobile phone or computer to the router at home, and the router is connected to the optical modem, and the optical modem is then connected to the Internet through optical fiber, alsoThat is to say, the data sent from the Internet direction needs to go through the router to reach our device.The router acts as a data packet transfer station. All local area network devices cannot be directly connected to the Internet, but need to be transferred through the router. We generally say that the network under the router is the internal network, and the Internet end is the external network.

Our local area network devices cannot be directly accessed by other devices on the Internet, which can definitely guarantee security.And the data sent from the Internet needs to be parsed by the router to identify which device is the data packet, and then send it to the corresponding device.

The same is true for our microservices. In general, not all microservices may need to be directly exposed to external calls. At this time, we can use the routing mechanism to add a layer of protection to allowAll requests are forwarded to each microservice through routing, and forwarding to multiple instances of the same microservice can also achieve load balancing.

In the past, the implementation of routing generally used Zuul, but it has been stopped, and now there is a new Gateway route officially developed by SpringCloud, which not only has a certain performance improvement compared to Zuul, but alsoIt is officially launched, and the fit will be better, so we will mainly explain Gateway here.

Deploy Gateway

Now let's create a new project as our gateway, here we need to add two dependencies:

org.springframework.cloudspring-cloud-starter-gatewayorg.springframework.cloudspring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client

The first dependency is the gateway dependency, and the second one, like other microservices, needs to be registered with Eureka to take effect. Be careful not to add web dependencies and use the WebFlux framework.

Then let's improve the configuration file:

server:port: 8500eureka:client:service-url:defaultZone: http://localhost:8801/eureka, http://localhost:8802/eurekaspring:application:name: gateway

You can now start:

But no routing function has been configured yet, we will configure the routing function:

spring:cloud:gateway:# Configure routing, note that this is a list, each item contains a lot of informationroutes:- id: borrow-service # route nameuri: lb://borrowservice # The address of the route, lb means to use load balancing to microservices, you can also use http to forward normallypredicates: # Routing rules, assert what requests will be routed- Path=/borrow/** # As long as this path is accessed, it will be routed to the service specified above

A detailed list of routing rules (list of assertion factories) is here: https://docs.spring.io/spring-cloud-gateway/docs/current/reference/html/#gateway-request-predicates-factories, you can specify multiple types, including the specified time period, Cookie carrying status, Header carrying status, domain name address to access, access method, path, parameters, visitor IP, etc.Configuration classes can also be used for configuration, but direct configuration files are recommended to save trouble.

Then start the gateway, Mac computers with Arm architecture chips may encounter this problem:

This is because there is no dynamic link library for this architecture, it does not affect the use, just ignore it, I hope the future version can fix it.

As you can see, we can now access our service directly through the route:

Note that you can still access through the original service address at this time:

In this way, we can put all the microservices that do not need direct access from the external network to the internal network environment, and only rely on the gateway to negotiate with the outside world.