IP protocol of network layer

Catalog

IP Internet protocol

Network number and host number

special IP Address

IP The core function of address

IP Of Header

Routing table

Some supplementary agreements

Summary

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IP Internet protocol

The most important protocol in the network layer ：IP(Internel Protocol) Internet protocol
IP Address ：IPv4、IPv6(128 position )
IPv4：32 An unsigned integer of bits (4 Bytes ), Usually , Each byte is represented in decimal , In the middle to . Connect —— Point division method . Such as ,192.168.18.253

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Network number and host number

How to handle IP The address is disassembled into network number and host number

Network mask

special IP Address

IP The core function of address

IP Of Header

Routing table

Broadcast domain is approximately equal to LAN. therefore ,ARP The agreement is only in the same LAN Inside is effective . Next jump IP It must be the same LAN.

Some supplementary agreements

1. DNS

2. NAT

3. MTU

MTU： The data link layer limits the size of data that can be sent at a time

Maximum Transmission Unit( Maximum transmission unit )

because MTU, Decided that the upper levels have influence
IP： It is manifested as a fragmentation problem
TCP：MSS (Maximum Segment Size)

UDP： There is a maximum message size ;
application layer , Let as few pieces as possible , Not more than UDP Maximum message .

Summary