WEB自动化之键盘、鼠标操作

1.键盘相关操作

1.1导包

from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

在使用Keys时，需注意以下两点：

1.Keys必须通过ele.send_keys()使用，也就是必须要元素定位。

2.一个send_keys只能发布一次指令

1.2代码实战

实现步骤：打开百度搜索页—输入“自动化”—全选，剪切—输入“WEB”—黏贴，输入框中的内容应该是“WEB自动化”

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys  #导包

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
driver.maximize_window()
ele_input = driver.find_element("id", "kw")  #定位到搜索框
ele_input.send_keys("自动化")  #向搜索框中输入“自动化”
time.sleep(2)
ele_input.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL+"A")  #ctrl+a 全选
time.sleep(2)
ele_input.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL+"X")  #ctrl+x 剪切
time.sleep(2)
ele_input.send_keys("WEB")  #向搜索框中输入“WEB”
time.sleep(2)
ele_input.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL+"v")  #ctrl+v 黏贴
time.sleep(2)
ele_input.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)   #ctrl+enter 回车键搜索
time.sleep(2)
driver.quit()

2.鼠标相关操作

2.1导包

from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

2.2点击事件

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
driver.maximize_window()
ele_locator = driver.find_element("xpath","//a[@class='hot-title']")
ActionChains(driver).click(ele_locator).perform()  #相当于ele_locator.click()
driver.close()

2.3右键点击

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
driver.maximize_window()
ele_locator = driver.find_element("xpath","//a[@class='hot-title']")
ActionChains(driver).context_click(ele_locator).perform()   #右键点击content_click
driver.close()

2.4双击

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
driver.maximize_window()
ele_locator = driver.find_element("xpath","//a[@class='hot-title']")
ActionChains(driver).double_click(ele_locator).perform()   #双击double_click
driver.close()

2.5推拽 

注意：GUI中因为鼠标位置的原因，导致容易出问提，非GUI中比较可行

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://shop-xo.hctestedu.com/")
login_locator = WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(("link text","登录")))
search_locator = WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(("id","search-input")))
ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(login_locator,search_locator).perform()  #drag_and_drop拖拽,把login_locator拖到search_locator

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://shop-xo.hctestedu.com/")
driver.maximize_window()
login_ele = WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(("link text","登录")))
search_ele = WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(("id","search-input")))
print(login_ele.location,login_ele.size)  #{'x': 527, 'y': 7} {'height': 16, 'width': 24}
print(search_ele.location,search_ele.size)   #{'x': 754, 'y': 72} {'height': 30, 'width': 308}
#也可以用偏移量drag_and_drop_by_offset(被移动目标，x偏移量，y偏移量)
ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop_by_offset(login_ele,search_ele.location["x"]-login_ele.location["x"],search_ele.location["y"]-login_ele.location["y"]).perform()

2.6鼠标悬停

ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(driver.find_element("id","XX")).perform()

2.7滑动示例

import time

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://passport.ctrip.com/user/reg/home")
driver.maximize_window()
driver.find_element("link text","同意并继续").click()
time.sleep(2) #设置等待时间等待页面元素加载完成
drop_btn = driver.find_element("class name","cpt-drop-btn")
slide_ele = driver.find_element("id","slideCode")
# print(drop_btn.location,drop_btn.size,slide_ele.size)
#click_and_hold(drop_btn)点击按压住drop_btn,move_by_offset(slide_ele.size["width"],0)滑动偏移量为slide_ele的宽（X轴）和0（Y轴）
ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(drop_btn).move_by_offset(slide_ele.size["width"],0).perform()
time.sleep(2)