Application of Internet of things in smart city

One 、 The basic group of the Internet of things

Internet of things technology is not limited to traditional sensor networks , Nor is it limited to a single level of providing services for people , For now , Most of the research on Internet of things technology , All think that the Internet of things technology is a kind of sensor technology 、 Comprehensive network technology integrating various systems such as application services . The composition of the Internet of things , It can be roughly summarized into the following four parts ： Internet of things terminal 、 sensor 、 Network and Internet of things Services .

1. Internet of things terminal

IOT terminal refers to the above mentioned “ matter ”. It will be equipped with an electronic component called a sensor , And connect with the network . For example, the smart phones and tablets you are holding are a kind of IOT terminals . These terminals usually serve two purposes ： Sensing and feedback .

Sensing refers to collecting the state of the terminal itself and the state of the surrounding environment and notifying the system . The states mentioned here include whether the light is on or off 、 The temperature and humidity of the room 、 Is there anyone at the door 、 State of machine operation , wait . The terminal uses electronic components such as sensors to realize sensing .

Feedback refers to receiving the notification from the system , Display information or perform specified operations . The system will be based on the data collected from the sensor , After treatment , Give some feedback , And usually need to take corresponding actions for the real world through the IOT terminal . Feedback takes many forms , Including visualization 、 notice , And control . adopt “ visualization ”, Users can use Web The browser or APP Check the information processed by the Internet of things service at any time ; adopt “ Push notification ”, The system can detect “ matter ” Abnormal state of or after triggering some instructions , Notify the terminal or information receiver , To achieve the purpose of reminding and warning ; adopt “ control ”, The system can directly control the operation of the terminal , Realize automatic operation , Without the help of manpower .

2. sensor

In IOT terminals , To collect the status of terminals and environments , You need to use an electronic component called a sensor . The sensor is responsible for outputting physical phenomena in the form of electronic signals . For example, some sensors can output temperature and humidity as electronic signals , There are also sensors that can convert ultrasonic, infrared and other imperceptible phenomena into electronic signals for output , wait .

The electronic signal output by the sensor , The system will be able to access the real world “ matter ” Or the state of the surrounding environment . People seldom use these sensors alone , They are usually put into various Internet of things terminals to be used .

3. The Internet

When connecting the terminal to the Internet of things service , The Internet is indispensable . The Internet of things uses two kinds of Networks ： One is to connect the terminal to the network of other terminals , The other is to connect the terminal to the Internet of things service network .

There are terminals that cannot or do not need to be directly connected to the Internet , By connecting the terminal to other terminals , For example, connect to the IOT gateway device responsible for collecting sensor data , These terminals that cannot be connected to the Internet can be connected to the Internet through the Internet of things gateway . This network connection method is widely used in the industrial field , It can save costs and improve connection efficiency . For the connection between terminals , bluetooth 、ZigBee、LoRa、WIFI Are several representative network standards .

For technicians , Above the network layer , The Internet of things system will also be divided into infrastructure layer 、 Platform level 、 Application layer and other different levels , But for ordinary users , It can be collectively referred to as Internet of things Services . Internet of things services have two functions ： One is to receive data from the terminal and send data to the IOT terminal ; The second is to process and save data .

The Internet of things receives data sent directly from the terminal . The data content sent by the terminal includes the information collected by the sensor on the terminal , And the user's operation on the terminal .

Only data from sensors and terminals are collected , It's just a bunch of huge data gathered together , It is difficult to apply these data directly . In order to realize specific application services , It is necessary to analyze valuable information from the collected data . therefore , Only by analyzing the data , It is possible to master the operation of the terminal , Find out the underlying trends , Detect the abnormal conditions that may occur in the future in advance . In this way, the whole Internet of things service can be sublimated from a simple data collection system to a service that helps users create value .

Two 、 The application of Internet of things in smart cities

The application of the Internet of things in the development of smart cities concerns all sides , From smart government 、 Intelligent logistics 、 Intelligent transportation 、 Smart home and other intelligent applications , Internet of things technology can be applied , Its application is described in detail below .

1. Smart government application

“ Internet + E-government services ” Build a smart government , Using the Internet 、 Big data and other modern information technology , Accelerate information sharing and business collaboration among departments , Simplify the work of the masses 、 Improve the administrative efficiency of the government 、 Unblock government service channels , Solve the masses “ More certificates 、 Work hard to “ Other questions .

Through the government cloud 、 Government data exchange platform and perfect government information resource directory system , Realize cross department information sharing and resource integration , Establish an integrated government resource system .

By integrating government portals 、 Call center and other related government service resources , Realize the government 、 Enterprises and the public can use the Internet anytime, anywhere 、 Telephone 、 Mobile terminals and other channels to obtain consistent and integrated government services .

Through resource sharing and process integration , Improve the supervision channels of government services , For business 、 Other social institutions and the public provide one-stop services , Realize that you can handle relevant businesses anytime and anywhere without leaving home .

2. Smart logistics applications

Smart logistics is supported by information technology , In logistics transportation 、 Storage 、 packing 、 Loading and unloading 、 Circulation processing 、 Delivery 、 Information services and other links to achieve system awareness . A comprehensive analysis of , Timely processing and self adjustment function , Realize the wisdom of logistics regulation 、 Discover wisdom 、 Modern comprehensive logistics system with innovation wisdom and system wisdom .

Diversified data collection 、 Perception technology , Intelligent logistics based on Internet of things , Faced with a variety of forms 、 All kinds of data with extremely complex information relations , Diversified data collection 、 Perception technology , It provides basic technical support for smart logistics .

With the development of Internet of things , Ubiquitous network will become the infrastructure of information and communication network , Based on the integration of other networks , Provide reliable data transmission technology for smart logistics , Provide people with all kinds of information accurately .

3. Intelligent transportation applications

With the rapid improvement of urban economic level in China , The construction of transportation infrastructure has been accelerated , Urban traffic demand has increased significantly , The contradiction between traffic supply and demand is becoming increasingly prominent , Traffic jam 、 Traffic pollution 、 Traffic accidents happen frequently 、 A series of problems such as difficult parking have become the bottleneck restricting the social and economic development of cities , It has become the focus of the current traffic management department , It is also the focus of urban intelligent transportation construction .

Emergency system ： When an emergency happens , The owner presses the emergency button installed on the motor car , Connect to the customer service center through wireless communication . Customer service personnel can pass GPS Precise positioning of Technology , Deliver the rescue to the owner . In the process of rescue , Customer service staff can not only communicate with car owners online all the time , And it can schedule rescue resources in real time , Minimize the loss of life and property of car owners .

Intelligent navigation system ： The current trial route recommendation system can be based on driver needs and real-time traffic information , The shortest path is recommended 、 Time optimal path , Even recommend the route most likely to carry passengers for taxi drivers .

4. Smart home system application

Internet of things technology is mainly used in home security , Real time detection with the help of Internet of things technology , And through data transmission , Start the security alarm to inform the security personnel , This is the application of Internet of things technology in family security , It is also a major embodiment of the current shift from smart home to smart city .

in addition , Internet of things technology can also solve household chores , For example, it can read data , Directly connect the home meter 、 Gas meter 、 The data of water meter is transmitted to the remote server , And automatically settle expenses . All in all , The application of Internet of things technology in home life is diverse , It is the key to achieve a good quality of life .

Smart city , And intelligent governance , All rely on collection 、 Analyze and process a large amount of refined real-time data , These data can only be achieved with the help of IOT sensors . IOT sensors and cameras can continuously collect detailed data in various forms in real time , By using this data , Government agencies can make quick decisions on the allocation of different resources and assets .