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Print out the "hourglass" and the remaining number according to the given number of characters and characters

2022-07-29 10:01:00 【Fantasy elves_ cq】

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According to the given number of characters and characters , Printout hourglass And the remainder

Objective record

1、 subject
2、 Lonely and cold people solve —— Insert a space before each line to achieve
3、 My solution —— First find out half “ hourglass ”
4、Math Big brother —— Formula method

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One 、 Insert a space before each line to achieve

Cold guy The blog has detailed interpretation and source code , You can click the blue text to move Cold guy Blog appreciation .

Cold guy Blog links ：http://t.csdn.cn/7a7hu

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Two 、 My solution

Analytical thinking ： Get inspiration from Han Lao's blog , Think of it first “ hourglass ” Lower half of . be based on “ hourglass ” Graphic symmetry , Print the lower half of the list in reverse , You can complete the upper half of the output .

Code ：

#!/sur/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

''' filename: /sdcard/qpython/tem.py  The dream spirit _cq Code yard  '''


num, ch = input(f"\n{
      ' Numbers   Symbol ( Such as ：19 *)：':>12}").strip().split()

try: #  Block illegal input .
    n = (num := int(num) - 1)//2 #  Do not calculate the middle line , So subtract one .
except Exception as e:
    print(f"\n{
      '  Input error ！':-^45}\nErrorType：{
      e}\n{
      '~'*50}\n")
    exit() #  Exit after printing the error prompt .

if num < 0: #  Block illegal input .
    print(f"\n{
      '  Please enter a positive integer ！':~^43}\n")
    exit() #  Exit after printing the error prompt .

hourglass = [] #  Initial value of hourglass list .

for k in range(3, n, 2): #  Get the bottom half row of the hourglass ( list ). The number of symbols per line is the difference of 2 Equal difference sequence of .
    hourglass.append(chr*k) #  Record current line .
    n -= k
    if n < k + 2: break #  The number of remaining available symbols is insufficient to line up another line , sign out “ Fixed line ” loop .

remaining = num - ''.join(hourglass).count(ch)*2 #  Calculate surplus 
print(f"\n{
      '  The bottom half of the hourglass list ：'}{
      hourglass}\n\n{
      '  Hourglass graphics  ':~^46}\n")

for i in range(-1, -len(hourglass)-1, -1): #  Print the upper layer 
    print(hourglass[i].center(50))

print(ch.center(50)) #  Print middle 

for i in hourglass: #  Print lower layer 
    print(i.center(50))

print(f"{
      remaining:^50}\n") #  Print remainder .

input(' Wait a moment ... '.center(50, '~'))

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It can also be recorded with an integer list of the number of symbols per line “ hourglass ” The second half , Just modify the corresponding code .

remaining = num - sum(hourglass)*2 #  Calculate surplus 
print(f"\n{
      '  The bottom half of the hourglass list ：'}{
      hourglass}\n\n{
      '  Hourglass graphics  ':~^46}\n")

for i in range(-1, -len(hourglass)-1, -1): #  Print the upper layer 
    print((hourglass[i]*ch).center(50))

print(chr.center(50)) #  Print middle 

for i in hourglass: #  Print lower layer 
    print((i*chr).center(50))

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3、 ... and 、 Boss senior “ mathematics ” solution

Its code is what I think at present “ best ” Code .

I recited “ Better ” Code ：

num, ch = input(f"\n{
      ' Numbers   Symbol ( Such as ：19 *)：':>16}").strip().split() #  Use string split Method to split numbers and symbols .
h = int((((n := int(num)) + 1)/2)**(1/2)) #  The half story height of the hourglass ,n Is the total number of characters , Assign values with walrus operators (Python3.x The following versions , Please modify this statement ).

for i in range(1-h, h): print(((2 * abs(i) + 1) * ch).center(50)) #  String method center Print each line of symbols in the center . Floor height h Print the entire hourglass .

“ Better ” Code explanation and source code blog link ：http://t.csdn.cn/g8yeN

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my “ hourglass ” Graphic output , It can be used “ Better ” Code optimization

num, ch = input(f"\n{
      ' Numbers   Symbol ( Such as ：19 *)：':>12}").strip().split()

try: #  Block illegal input .
    n = (num := int(num) - 1)//2 #  Do not calculate the middle line , So subtract one .
except Exception as e:
    print(f"\n{
      '  Input error ！':-^45}\nErrorType：{
      e}\n{
      '~'*50}\n")
    exit() #  Exit after printing the error prompt .

if num < 0: #  Block illegal input .
    print(f"\n{
      '  Please enter a positive integer ！':~^43}\n")
    exit() #  Exit after printing the error prompt .

hourglass = [] #  Initial value of hourglass list .

for k in range(3, n, 2): #  Get the bottom half row of the hourglass ( list ). The number of symbols per line is the difference of 2 Equal difference sequence of .
    hourglass.append(k) #  Record current line .
    n -= k
    if n < k + 2: break #  The number of remaining available symbols is insufficient to line up another line , sign out “ Fixed line ” loop .

h = len(hourglass) + 1 #  The hourglass is half high h That is, half of the lines + Middle row .
remaining = num - sum(hourglass)*2 #  Calculate surplus 
print(f"\n{
      '  The bottom half of the hourglass list ：'}{
      hourglass}\n\n{
      '  Hourglass graphics  ':~^46}\n")

for i in range(1-h, h):  print(((2 * abs(i) + 1) * ch).center(50)) #  String method center Print each line of symbols in the center . Floor height h Print the entire hourglass .

print(f"{
      remaining:^50}\n") #  Print remainder .

input(' Wait a moment ... '.center(50, '~'))