Based on all volunteers - H and D1 XR806 rare plant monitoring device

The graduation design is the use of the wholeD1-HNezha development andXR806开发板,Supplemented by various peripheral circuits and sensor components,A precious plant monitoring device made.

![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/141ab42fcfa64fa4a7c7f8a00e8d696b.png#pic_center

The device usesXR806The development board constitutes a network node,作为采集端,And also connected with multiple sensors to collect environmental parameters,并使用socketThe service sends the collected data to the server.used on the other sideD1-HNezha development board as server,D1-HThe Nezha development board is connected to a camera to capture images in real time,并使用基于yolov5method for analyzing leaf condition,Judging the health of the blade and serving as a server,Analyze and display the data returned by the sensor.The server analyzes the results,能够对XR806发出指令,Replenish water in time when there is a shortage of water,Fill light when the light is insufficient.

Technology stack application

D1-HThe development board is responsible for completing the server sending and receiving information、信息显示、光照控制、图像处理,technical content：

• LVGL图形框架
• Linux下Socket接口
• Linuxunder multithreading technology
• cJSON解析器
• YOLOV5目标检测
• …

XR806The development board is responsible for completing the collection of environmental parameters、光照控制、水泵控制,technical content：

• LwIP协议栈
• IIC总线
• DHT11单总线
• PWM调制
• ADC采集
• …

XR806端设计

XR806The main control system is collected by the sensor part、The power supply part and the control part are composed.The sensor part is responsible for collecting environmental information,Power supply part main control power supply,The control part controls the specific environmental parameters according to the information of the system.（LED灯,水泵）进行控制.

充电电路

Because the voltage of the battery will change to a certain extent with the change of lighting,So it needs to be stabilized before it can be used.The power supply part uses aAMS1117芯片,Stabilize the unstable voltage output by the lithium battery to3.3V,给XR806Development board and sensor power supply.AMS1117Is a positive linear regulator of low pressure drop,The pressure drop is small.It integrates overheating protection function and current limiting circuit,Can effectively protect the normal operation of the circuit,Ideal for Portable Equipment Voltage Regulators.

光线、温湿度控制

The fill light control is mainly usedPWM调光技术.The control code is mainly to controlPWMThe duty cycle of the output to adjust the intensity of the light.在XR806中,首先初始化PWM的硬件,使用的是pwm_cycle_mode_Set(0)和pwm_capture_mode_set()函数.The main configuration in the function is the relevant initialization structure parameters、PWM的频率、Output Mode and Duty Cycle.初始化结束后,Just call the function that sets the duty cycle,You can set the duty cycle.Control combined with light sensor,The local light intensity can be controlled within a certain range,suitable light for plants.

The water replenishment part mainly cooperates with the soil moisture sensor to work.After the soil moisture sensor obtains the soil moisture data,XR806will make a judgment,如果ADCCollected the voltage is greater than a certain threshold,then activate the relay,Drive the water pump to work,pump water into the pot.on the display,You can see if the soil is wet or dry.

温湿度、光照、Soil sensors are connected toXR806上,Here, the data collected by the three sets of sensors are compared with the data collected by the standard instrument.,Controlled by two test points,Two sets of light intensities were measured.对比可以看出,The overall error is not large,meet the requirements of the device.

D1-H与XR806通信

TCPThe design of the server is mainly to ensure thatD1-H与XR806connect stably,并在XR806Can continue to wait after disconnectionXR806的重新连接.这边借鉴了github上的一个开源的socket服务器代码,It uses multi-threading technology,And can withstand greater server pressure,Ideal for use with this device.

The basic process of debugging is as follows,首先使用D1-HThe development board is connected to the previous oneWiFi,然后用XR806also connect the sameWiFi,在D1-HThe code to start the server on,然后,启动XR806Connect as a client.经过多次测试,D1-HThe server on the development board runs very stable,After the lower computer is disconnected, it will wait for the connection again,Can be reconnected very quickly after the lower computer is restarted.并且,在Linux下,可以使用system(wifi_info)函数来调用命令行,Just keep the command as a character array,You can use the command line operation in the program,非常方便.connected in this unitWiFiThe part is using this method,Invoke the command line to connectWiFi的.

D1-H服务端设计

D1-HThe server software design of the master is divided into three parts according to the functions required by the project.The first part is the design of the graphical interface,采用的是LVGL,Mainly used to display temperature、湿度等数据;第二部分是TCP服务器的设计（Introduced in the previous section）,For data transmission and communication between upper and lower computers;The third part is the image processing part,使用了YOLOV5+NCNN.

数据显示界面

图形界面使用的是LVGL.LVGL的作者是来自匈牙利的Gabor Kiss-Vamosikisvegabor,LVGL用C语言编写,具有很强的兼容性（并且与C++兼容）,模拟器可在没有嵌入式硬件的PC上启动嵌入式GUI设计,同时LVGL作为一个图形库,它自带着接近三十多种小工具可以供开发者使用.这些强大的构建块按钮搭配上带有非常丝滑的动画以及可以做到平滑滚动的高级图形,同时兼具着不高的配置要求以及开源属性,成为广大开发者在选择GUI时的第一选择.

根据系统的需求,The graphical interface needs to be able to display the data sent from the lower computer,而LVGLYou can use text controls to display data in.Displaying pictures can be done with an image controlPNGdecoder to display.首先,Need to create two basic control objects,An image control for docking the acquired processed image,One is the control that docks the data display child control.on the image control,An image is docked,That is, the image after acquisition and processing;on the data display area,A series of controls are placed to display environment parameter information;There are also switches on the top for controlling the light intensity and the water pump.

图像处理

The image processing part is mainlyYOLOV5的使用.使用之前,First train a model for a specific scenario.First you need to create your own dataset,数据集分为两个部分,Image files and label files.The image file is the image containing the part of the target to be detected and the image without the target to be detected,Train as positive and negative samples respectively.The tag file contains information about the detection target,The format of the label file is as follows4.2所示.A row represents a target in the image,If the file contains multiple lines of data,indicates that there are multiple objects in the image.Label files need to need to detect target, do yourself.

There is a special,YOLOV5The label format istxt后缀的,不是我们常见的xml格式后缀的,You need to write your own code to convert.After the images and labels are ready,Also need to make sure that each label are consistent with the name of the image.准备就绪后,就可以调用train.py文件进行训练.在训练的时候,需要指定一些参数,如下图所示

Start the training,The computer will automatically start training.训练完成后,We can see where the target training results are saved,有一个pt格式的文件.然后可以用detect.pyfile to do a test,Replace the loaded weight file with the weight file generated just after training.detectThe program will use this file for detection,Finally, a result image will be output.The result of the target detection can be seen from the result graph.

原贴链接：https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1826/
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