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网络层详解
2022-06-30 04:09:00 【猿饵块】
IP地址分类
A
最大网络号:127----01111111
可分配网络数:2^7-2=126
网络号进制转换所得,可以分配的网络数——多个2相乘
B,C一样
B
专B类地址的第一字节取值属范围为10000000——10111111(二进制表示),将二进制转化为10进制就是128~191了。
子网掩码的作用
为了使同一个网络号可以分配给不同的子网使用,而用子网号来区分不同子网的网络。
网络地址
主机号全为0(不包括子网号)
网络地址就是IP地址所属的子网的的IP地址(网络地址-->子网IP)
广播地址
主机号全为1
私有IP地址和公有IP地址
在使用过程中并非一 一对应,因为还有端口号
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数据链路层---解决数据包如何在一个网络中传输的问题(MAC地址)
网络层----解决数据在不同网络之间传输的问题(IP地址,路由器)
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