What is the MySQL backup suffix_ MySQL backup restore

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One 、 Backup common operation basic command

1、 Backup command mysqldump Format

Format ：mysqldump -h Host name -P port -u user name -p password –database Database name > file name .sql

2、 Backup MySQL The database is in the form of deleted tables

Backup MySQL The database is in the form of deleted tables , The backup can overwrite the existing database without manually deleting the original database .

mysqldump –add-drop-table -u username -p password -database databasename > backupfile.sql

3、 Direct will MySQL Database compression backup

mysqldump -h hostname -u username -p password -database databasename | gzip > backupfile.sql.gz

4、 Backup MySQL A database ( some ) surface

mysqldump -h hostname -u username -p password databasename specific_table1 specific_table2 > backupfile.sql

5、 Backup multiple files at the same time MySQL database

mysqldump -h hostname -u username -p password –databases databasename1 databasename2 databasename3 > multibackupfile.sql

6、 Only back up the database structure

mysqldump –no-data –databases databasename1 databasename2 databasename3 > structurebackupfile.sql

7、 Back up all databases on the server

mysqldump –all-databases > allbackupfile.sql

8、 Restore MySQL Database commands

mysql -h hostname -u username -p password databasename

9、 Restore compressed MySQL database

gunzip

10、 Move the database to the new server

mysqldump -u username -p password databasename | mysql –host=*.*.*.* -C databasename

11、–master-data and –single-transaction

stay mysqldump Use in –master-data=2, Will record binlog Document and position Information about .–single-transaction The isolation level will be set to repeatable-commited

12、 Import database

Commonly used source command , use use Go to a database ,mysql>source d:\test.sql, The following parameters are script files .

13、 see binlog journal

see binlog The log can be used with the command mysqlbinlog binlog Log name |more

14、general_log

General_log Record any operation of the database , see general_log The state and position of can be commanded show variables like “general_log%” , Turn on general_log You can use the command set global general_log=on

Two 、 Incremental backup

A small number of databases can be fully backed up every day , Because it won't take much time , But when the database is large , It is unlikely that a full backup will be performed every day , At this time, you can use incremental backup . The principle of incremental backup is to use mysql Of binlog Records .

1、 First, make a full backup ：

mysqldump -h hostname -u test2 -p 123 -P 3310 –single-transaction –master-data=2 test>test.sql At this time, you will get a complete file test.sql

stay sql We will see in the document ：

— CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE=’bin-log.000002′, MASTER_LOG_POS=107; It means that all changes will be saved to bin-log.000002 In binary .

2、 stay test Library t_student Add two records to the table , And then execute flush logs command . A new binary log file will be generated bin-log.000003,bin-log.000002 Then all changes after the full backup are saved , The operation of adding records is also saved in bin-log.00002 in .

3、 And then test In the library a Add two records to the table , Then delete by mistake t_student Table and a surface .a Add record operations and delete tables a and t_student All operations are recorded in bin-log.000003 in .

3、 ... and 、 recovery

1、 First, import all data

mysql -h hostname -u test2 -p 123 -P 3310

2、 recovery bin-log.000002

mysqlbinlog bin-log.000002 |mysql -h hostname -utest2 -p123 -P3310

3、 Recovery section bin-log.000003

stay general_log Found the time point deleted by mistake , Then the more corresponding time point arrives bin-log.000003 Find the corresponding position spot , You need to restore to the previous one deleted by mistake position spot .

The following parameters can be used to control binlog The range of

–start-position Starting point –stop-position The end point

–start-date Starting time –stop-date End time

After finding the recovery point , You can start to recover .

mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000003 –stop-position=208 |mysql -h hostname -u test2 -p 123 -P 3310

—- perform sql Other ways of documentation

Get into MySQL Console , Use source Command execution

Mysql>source 【sql Full path name of script file 】 or Mysql>\. 【sql Full path name of script file 】, Example ：

source C:\test.sql perhaps \. C:\test.sql

open MySQL Command Line Client, Enter the database password to log in , And then use source Order or \.

— matters needing attention

**window Next , Please do not use PowerShell Export , Otherwise, there may be problems with the file format , Unable to import , Please use CMD Command line execution

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