Which is the first poem of Tang Dynasty?

In your mind , Which is the first poem of the Tang Dynasty ？

One 、 The spring river and the moon , A lonely chapter covers the whole Tang Dynasty

Let's start with the seven character ancient style poem .

Speaking of the best Tang poetry , We can't judge . But there is such a poem , But there is “ A lonely chapter covers the whole Tang Dynasty ” The reputation of . I don't know when , I don't know who wrote it , For the first time “ The spring river and the moon , A lonely chapter covers the whole Tang Dynasty ” These ten words .

But in the Tang and Song Dynasties , Zhang Ruoxu's 《 The spring river and the moon 》 But no one asked , As a palace style poem, it was accepted by guomaoqian 《 The Collection of Folk Songs and Ballads in the Han Style 》. however 《 The Collection of Folk Songs and Ballads in the Han Style 》 There are several songs 《 The spring river and the moon 》, The most famous one is the song by Yang Guang 《 The spring river and the moon 》：

The twilight river is still , Spring flowers are in full bloom . The waves will go away , The tide brings the stars .　

Zhang Ruoxu died 700 Many years later , Gao xucai of the Ming Dynasty 、 Li Panlong 、 Huyinglin began to mention this poem . Until the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China , Wang Kaiyun 、 When Wen Yiduo commented on palace style poems , Zhang Ruoxu's 《 The spring river and the moon 》 Gradually stepped onto the altar of poetry .

If this poem “ A lonely chapter covers the whole Tang Dynasty ”, Why did the Tang, song and Yuan Dynasties , Nobody noticed Zhang Ruoxu ？

Two 、 The first of the seven laws of ancient and modern times

Having finished the seven ancient poems , Let's talk about the controversial seven character verse . Speaking of seven character verse , It is estimated that everyone thinks of Cui Hao's 《 Yellow Crane Tower 》 Well . Yan Yu of the Southern Song Dynasty said long ago ：

Seven character regular poems of the Tang Dynasty , As cuihao 《 Yellow Crane Tower 》 For the first .（《 Cang Lang's Notes on Poets and Poetry 》）

However, the Yellow Crane Tower is half ancient and half legal , In fact, even the standard seven laws are not , This is one of the reasons for the controversy .

In the past, people have taken yellow crane to , The Yellow Crane Tower is vacant here .
The yellow crane will never return , A thousand years of white clouds .（ The first four sentences are the writing method of ancient poetry ）
Qingchuan calendar Hanyang tree , Grass and parrot island .
Where is the country gate at dusk ？ The Yanbo River makes people sad .

In the standard seven character verse , The most famous one is Dufu 《 Climbing 》：

The wind is strong, the ape is howling , The white sand birds fly back . The boundless falling wood rustles , The Yangtze River is rolling in .
Thousands of miles of sorrowful autumn are frequent visitors , More than a hundred years of illness alone . Hard and bitter hate frost , A new glass of wine .

This head 《 Climbing 》 Hu Yinglin of the Ming Dynasty thought that the ancient and modern seven laws First of all ：

This poem should be the first of the seven character rule in ancient and modern times , There is no need to be the first of the seven laws of the Tang Dynasty .（《 Poetry den 》）

however , In the Ming Dynasty, some big names said , Shen Quanqi of the early Tang Dynasty 《 Ancient / Alone 》 It's number one ：

Song Yan Canglang takes Cui Hao 《 Yellow Crane Tower 》 The poem is the first of the seven character laws of the Tang Dynasty , Recently, hezhongmo （ He Jingming ）、 Xuejuncai （ Xuehui ） Take Shen Quan period “ Lu's young woman Yu Jintang ” One song is the first .（ Yang Shen 《 Sheng'an poetry 》）

This poem by Shen Quanqi , It's a Yuefu poem , But it is written in seven laws ：

Lu's young woman Yu Jintang , Petrels perch on the tortoise shell beam . The cold stain in September urges ten leaves , Ten years of the expedition, recalling Liaoyang . White Wolf Hebei sound book fragment , The autumn night in the south of Danfeng city is long . Who is sad to see alone , Teach the bright moon to shine yellow .

There are so many people competing for the first place in seven character verse , Which song do you think is the first ?

3、 ... and 、 Wang wei 《 Weicheng Opera 》 First in ancient and modern times

Having finished the seven ancient and seven laws , Let's take a look at the seven character quatrains .

Speaking of Tang Chong's seven Jue masters , Naturally, it is called “ Seven magic hands ” Wang Changling ：

The first of the seven , Its king dragon sign is ？ You Cheng ( Wang wei ) Light to thick , The Dragon logo is thick and light , All hands are holy .（ Pandeyu 《 Yangyizhai poetry 》）

however , Li Bai 、 Wang Wei is also a super player in the first echelon ：

（ Quatrain ） In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, there are only green lotus （ Li Bai ）、 Dragon logo （ wang changling ） The two families have great attainments . Li is more natural , The former residence of the king .”（ Wangshimao of the Ming Dynasty 《 The art garden gathers the rest 》）

Let's put aside the dispute over poets , So which one do you think is the first quatrain ？

In the eyes of liuchenweng in the Southern Song Dynasty , Wang Weidi 《 Weicheng Opera 》 Is the first quatrain ：

More than ten thousand quatrains , There is no return , It is the first thing in ancient times and today ！《 Comments on Wang Meng's poems 》

《 Weicheng Opera 》 namely 《 Send two yuan envoys to Anxi 》：

The rain and dust of Weicheng , The guest house is green and willow is new . Persuade you to drink more , Out of Yangguan in the West .

What do you think of liuchenweng's choice , That makes sense? ？

Four 、 Big data ranks first

The first name , It is difficult to measure by any one standard . however , stay 2011 year 9 month , Zhonghua Book Company has published a book 《 Ranking list of Tang poetry 》. The research group led by Professor wangzhaopeng , The ranking of Tang poetry in big data is obtained through several dimensions .

These dimensions are ： Ancient anthology 、 Modern anthology 、 Comments of the past dynasties 、 Number of papers 、 excerpts 、 Full record 、 The history of literature always 、 Total number of network links . Through these two dimensions , The first one is this .

1、 The first of the seven laws Cuihao's 《 Yellow Crane Tower 》

Cuihao's 《 Yellow Crane Tower 》 It's not just the first of the seven laws , Moreover, Tang poetry ranks first . The seventh law ranked second is Liu Zongyuan's 《 Ascend the city tower of Liuzhou 》, This poem is in 《 Ranking list of Tang poetry 》 No. 6 in China ：

Tall buildings in the city meet the famine , The sea and the sky are full of melancholy . The wind blows the blanket with hibiscus water , Dense rain slanting against the wall of Ficus pumila . Mountains and trees cover thousands of miles , The river flows like nine ileums . A total of Baiyue tattoos , Still in my hometown .

Du Fu's 《 Climbing 》 Ranked third in the seven laws , It ranked 15th in the list of Tang poetry , Not in the top ten ！

Top 10 , The seven laws occupy two places .

2、 Five laws first Du Fu 《 Climbing Yueyang Tower 》

The first of the five laws is Dufu's 《 Climbing Yueyang Tower 》,：

I heard of Dongting water , Go to Yueyang Tower today . Wu Chu Dongnan Kui , Day and night .
There's no word for family and friends , Old illness has a lonely boat . North of jungmaguan mountain , With her tears flowing .

Tang poetry ranking list , The fifth 、 7、 ... and 、 8、 ... and 、 Jiudu is a five character verse , The other three are Meng Haoran's 《 Present to Prime Minister Zhang from Dongting Lake 》, Chang Jian 《 Broken after yamadera monastery 》, Wang Bo 《 Send Shaofu du to Shuzhou 》

The five laws occupy the top ten 4 Places .

3、 The first of the seven Wang Weidi 《 Send two yuan envoys to Anxi 》

The first of the seven ： Wang Weidi 《 Send two yuan envoys to Anxi 》, The second is Wang Zhihuan's 《 Liangzhou CI 》：

The Yellow River is far above the white clouds , It's a lonely city . Why do Qiang flutes complain about willows , The spring wind does not pass the Yumen pass .

These two seven wonders , In the list of Tang poems , Ranked second and third respectively , Occupied two places .

4、 The first of the five wang zhihuan 《 Climb the stork tower 》

The first of the five is Wang Zhihuan 《 Climb the stork tower 》, be ranked at 《 Ranking list of Tang poetry 》 The first 4 position , This is a quatrain in close form ：

Day by day , The flow of the Yellow River into the sea . To see a thousand miles , Take it to the next level .

The second of the five wonders is Liuzongyuan 《 River in the snow 》, This is an ancient quatrain ：

Thousands of birds fly away , The trail of man is gone . In a lonely boat, there are many rainbows , Fishing for snow in the cold river alone .

however 《 River in the snow 》 It's already in line 《 Ranking list of Tang poetry 》 Of the 17 Yes. .

5、 Miscellaneous Poems First of all Li Bai 《 Intones difficult 》

We finally waited for the poet Li Bai , His poem with miscellaneous words only ranks No. in the list of Tang poems 10 position .

Eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee , The danger is high ！ Intones hard , It's hard to reach the sky ！ Silkworm bunches and fish wings , Founding fathers ！ You're forty-eight thousand years old , Not with the qin sai tong inhabited . Xidang Taibai has a bird path , You can cross the top of Emei .

6、 Seven ancient times first

In the seven ancient times , Gao Shi 's 《 Yan Gexing 》 First of all ：

The smoke of the Han family is in the northeast , Han will leave home to break the broken thief . A man's self-respect is rampant , The son of Heaven gives color very much ……….

Bai Juyi 《 pipa 》 The second , But these two poems only rank in the ranking list of Tang poems 22 and 23 name .

7、 No. 1 in five ancient times Du Fu 《 Shihaoli 》

No. 1 in five ancient times , It's from Dufu's Three Li and three bies 《 Shihaoli 》, be ranked at 《 Ranking list of Tang poetry 》 Of the 20 position ：

In Shihao village in the evening , There are officials who catch people at night . The old man walked over the wall , The old lady went out to see ……..

The second in five ancient times , It is also Dufu's work ,《 Wang Yue 》：

How about Dai Zongfu ？ Qilu is green . Zhongshenxiu in nature , Yin and Yang cut and dim the dawn .
Zeng Yun was born by swinging his chest , Birds returning from canthus . It will be the worst , The hills are small .

But this poem , The ranking of Tang poetry has fallen to No 53 Yes. .

5、 ... and 、 Conclusion

In this ranking , No Zhang Ruoxu 《 The spring river and the moon 》. It is estimated that the data of ancient people's selection of Tang poetry accounts for a large proportion , Few people mentioned this poem in the anthologies before the Ming Dynasty , So I lost at the starting line .

From the perspective of various poetic styles , Top of the list of Tang poetry 10 The name is as follows ：

The first 1 name , Cui Hao 《 Yellow Crane Tower 》; The first 2 name , Wang wei 《 Send two yuan envoys to Anxi 》; The first 3 name , wang zhihuan 《 Liangzhou CI 》; The first 4 name , wang zhihuan 《 Climb the stork tower 》; The first 5 name , Du Fu 《 Climbing Yueyang Tower 》; The first 6 name , Liu Zongyuan 《 Ascend the city tower of Liuzhou and send it to Zhangting for the governor of Liansi Prefecture 》; The first 7 name , meng haoran 《 Present to Prime Minister Zhang from Dongting Lake 》; The first 8 name , Chang Jian 《 Broken after yamadera monastery 》; The first 9 name , Wang Bo 《 Send Shaofu du to Shuchuan 》; The first 10 name , Li Bai 《 Intones difficult 》.

among , Wang Zhihuan has two poems , other 9 Individuals include Li Bai and Dufu , Only one song was selected before 10 name .