Senior soft test (Information System Project Manager) high frequency test site: project quality management

According to the soft test advanced in recent years （ Information system project manager ） From the analysis of the real exam questions , I found that there are some knowledge points that I often test .

today , Xiaobian will continue to share with you one of the high-frequency examination sites ： Project quality management , I hope it will help you prepare for the exam .

1、 Definition

Planning quality management ： Identify the quality requirements and standards for the project and its deliverable , And prepare countermeasures to ensure the process meeting quality requirements , Provide direction and guidance for how to manage and confirm quality in the whole project .
Implement quality assurance : Audit quality requirements and quality control measurement results , A process to ensure that reasonable quality standards and operational definitions are adopted .
The quality control : Supervise and record the results of quality activities , In order to evaluate performance , And recommend necessary changes .

2、 What quality assurance personnel should do in the project

1） Quality management plan and corresponding quality standards shall be formulated in the planning stage .
2） Implement quality inspection as planned , Whether the project work is implemented according to the standard process . Pay attention to the quality inspection during the project , Prepare a checklist before each inspection , And record the relevant conditions of quality management .
3） According to the inspection and records , To analyze problems , Find the problem , Negotiate with the parties to solve . Verify after the problem is solved ; If no agreement can be reached with the parties , Report to the project manager or higher leadership , Until the problem is solved .
4） Regularly send quality reports to project stakeholders .
5） Provide training or guidance on quality management requirements for project team members .

3、 Tools

Old seven tools
Cause and effect diagram 、 Pareto Diagram 、 Histogram 、 flow chart 、 Checklist 、 Control chart 、 Scatter plot
New seven tools
Affinity graph 、 Process decision process diagram 、 Association diagram 、 Tree diagram 、 Priority matrix 、 Activity network diagram 、 Matrix diagram

4. Standard system

ISO9000 Eight principles of quality management : Customer centered 、 A mutually beneficial relationship with suppliers 、 Leadership 、 Take part in 、 Process approach 、 A systematic approach to management 、 Fact based decision making 、 Continuous improvement .
Total quality management ： All of you 、 Whole process 、 Comprehensive approach 、 Overall results . Six Sigma ： Six times the standard deviation , use DMAIC( determine 、 measurement 、 analysis 、 improvement 、 control ) The improvement method improves the key processes of the organization . The advantage lies in improving and ensuring quality from the implementation of the project , Instead of inspecting and controlling quality from the structure .
DMAIC The constituent elements of ： Top management commitment 、 All parties involved 、 Training programs 、 Measurement system .

5. quality cost

Consistency costs ： The cost of prevention ( train 、 Process documentation 、 equipment 、 Choose the right time to do things )、 Evaluation cost ( test 、 Check 、 Loss due to destructive testing )
Non conformance costs : Internal failure costs ( rework 、 waste )、 External failure costs ( responsibility 、 guarantee 、 Loss of business )

6. The basic steps to improve project quality

Establish project quality objectives : Establish quality assurance and quality control specifications in the work .
Establish a measurement system for quality parameters : Measure the process and products in the project / Check , Compare the actual situation with the objectives and specifications to find quality problems , And deal with quality problems .
To supervise and control : Analyze the occurrence times and influence degree of quality problems , Find out the causes and propose improvement measures ; Keep cycling , Unremittingly improve the quality of the project .