Solve system has not been booted with SYSTEMd as init system (PID 1) Can‘t operate.

docker Container usage systemctl

With ubuntu As a reference .

Pull the container

• Direct pull

  Use docker pull ubuntu Direct pull .

• adopt Dockerfile Pull

  Dockerfile:

  #  base image 
  FROM ubuntu:18.04
  
  # build Parameters 
  ARG user=duapple
  
  #  Metadata 
  LABEL maintainer="hejiang" email="[email protected]"
  
  #  Installation dependency 
  #RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y sudo 
  
  #  Add users ： give sudo jurisdiction , Specified password 
  RUN useradd --create-home --no-log-init --shell /bin/bash ${user} \
      && adduser ${user} sudo \
      && echo "${user}:123123" | chpasswd
  
  #  Change the user's UID and GID
  #RUN usermod -u 1000 ${user} && usermod -G 1000 ${user}
  
  #  Specify the working directory of the container 
  WORKDIR /home/${user}
  
  #  Specifies the login user for the container 
  USER {user}
  

  Pull ：

  $ docker build -t ubuntu1804:test .
  

If you don't have the ability to surf the Internet , You may not install it yet sudo, After entering the system , Set up the software source before installing sudo.

# Configure container

Here we use docker Take the image pulled as an example . Directly pull the image , You need to manually create non root user , The rest of the operation is the same as the following .
nothing Dockerfile The situation of , New user script , Before execution, you need to Install first sudo.
add_user.sh:

#!/bin/bash

user=$1

echo "add user: ${user}"

useradd -d /home/${user} -m ${user}
passwd ${user}

usermod -g ${user} -G root ${user}

chmod u+w /etc/sudoers
echo "${user} ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL" >> /etc/sudoers

chmod u-w /etc/sudoers

usermod -s /bin/bash ${user}

# add_user.sh duapple

Be careful ： Need to use systemctl, You can't use non root The user starts the container , Otherwise, just set /sbin/init Start as the first process ,systemctl Still can't use

Create the container and run it . Be careful ： Need to set up --privileged Parameters , Make sure you can get the real root jurisdiction .

$ docker run --privileged -itd --name ubuntu_test -u root ubuntu1804:test /bin/bash
$ docker exec -it ubuntu_test /bin/bash

modify root Password and install sudo.

# passwd 
# apt update
# apt install sudo 

Switch to duapple user . test sudo, And install systemd.

# exit
$ docker exec -it -u duapple ubuntu_test /bin/bash
$ sudo apt install systemd
$ ls -al /sbin/init

download ssh, To test .

$ sudo apt install ssh
$ sudo systemctl start ssh

Error will be reported at this time ：

The first process to configure the container ：

$ exit
$ docker stop ubuntu_test
$ sudo systemctl stop docker
# sudo su
# 

modify config.v2.json Medium Path and Cmd , from /bin/bash Set to /sbin/init . Be careful ： Be sure to close it first docker service , Modify the configuration to take effect .

# vim /var/lib/docker/containers/0f22b0c68de9819eb72d02094a5d23d3ee66e4eabd3563b9190f48ac83c55f22/config.v2.json

Save the changes , restart docker, Restart again docker Containers , Reconfigure it .

$ docker start ubuntu_test
$ docker exec -it -u duapple ubuntu_test /bin/bash
$ sudo systemctl start ssh
$ sudo systemctl status ssh