How to invest in programming knowledge and reduce the impact of knowledge failure

introduction
Knowledge is power
Programming knowledge system
Knowledge investment
Investment and consumption
Summary

Knowledge is power .

introduction

Programmers often hear children's shoes lament ： But three or five years , Most of the programming knowledge learned is outdated . You have to study new knowledge and technology hard , When is this the beginning ？ To answer this question , Let's first look at the difference between junior engineers and senior engineers .

What is the difference between junior engineer and Senior Engineer ？ Junior engineers usually stack functions according to the requirements of the product manager , Regardless of the overall complexity and stability of the system , The senior engineer will be responsible for each additional IO Pinch pennies , Because every one of them IO Will increase the complexity of module coupling and interaction , It will reduce the overall and local stability of the system . Senior engineers do not consider problems from a single point of view , But from the system fault tolerance 、 performance 、 stability 、 High availability 、 Reusable 、 Extensibility 、 The balance can be achieved at multiple levels such as operation and maintenance .

What's the difference between junior engineer and Senior Engineer ？ As can be seen from the above , The knowledge construction system of senior engineers and junior engineers is different . Senior engineer in principle 、 Judgment 、 Experience 、 More than junior engineers in system design , The accumulation of new knowledge and technology may not be as good as that of junior engineers . This involves the construction of knowledge system .

Knowledge is power

Knowledge is power . This is a well-known saying . But many people are confused , I've learned so much , Why don't you feel the power ？ Actually , I think this sentence has two meanings ：

• The applied knowledge is the power . Just like the money used on the blade is the real wealth . but “ The applied knowledge is the power ” Obviously not “ Knowledge is power ” Short and powerful . therefore , The next time you see a famous saying , You might as well expand it a little from the literal meaning , Understand its true intention .

• Knowledge has potential power . Once knowledge is developed , Already has the potential power . Even if no one realizes its power for the time being , Nor does it affect the objectivity of its power . And once someone can use it in the right place , Can produce strong benefits and influence . Again ,“ Knowledge has potential power ” Not as good as “ Knowledge is power ” So brief and powerful .

Programming knowledge system

Programmers will accumulate a lot of programming knowledge in their career . This knowledge can be roughly divided into five categories ：

1. Knowledge of principle . The basic principle and programming design concept why the program can run . All change is the same . Failure rate 5%.

2. Common use knowledge of generality . such as linux command . as long as linux To fail , This knowledge has been effective , Unless there is a better tool replacement . Failure rate 20%.

3. Less general variability uses knowledge . Like a library 、 frame 、 Configuration and programming of middleware . Because the scene is constantly changing 、 Technology change , This kind of use knowledge is easy to fail , It may even face large-scale replacement . However , A lot of programmers （ Including me ） Most of the time I deal with these . Failure rate 80%.

4. Empirical knowledge of scarcity . such as CPU soar 、 The memory is full 、IO Shake or prick 、 High concurrency solution , This kind of knowledge is only timely and scarce knowledge and experience . Failure rate 5%.

5. Scarcity judgment and design ability . For example, if a system wants to succeed , What quality attributes should be possessed , How to achieve these quality attributes , How to make a choice among these quality attributes . How to solve thorny performance problems 、 How to ensure the fault tolerance of the system 、 Stability and maintainability , How to enhance scalability and versatility , How to be highly available ？ This category belongs to judgment and design ability . Failure rate 5%.

（ The above failure rate figures are estimated by my feeling according to my own situation , Don't be serious ）

above , The first 0 Classes are the foundation of the foundation , But most beginners are most likely to ignore . Thought it was useless , But it determines the long-term technical path of programmers ; The first 1 Class and 2 Classes are the most frequently contacted ; The first 3 Classes are the least exposed （ Because the probability of occurrence and opportunity of contact is very small ）; The first 4 Classes are often encountered but rarely perceived and consciously promoted .

In Junior High School of my career , We will accumulate a large number of second-class talents 1、2 Knowledge of classes and partial 0 Class knowledge , Especially the 2 Class knowledge , In order to be able to work and get paid . However , In the middle and late stage , Many people may stop at 1、2 class , That is, focus on practical work , There is no promotion 0、3、4 Class knowledge , principle 、 Judgment and experience have not kept up , Result in the... At a certain time node 2 A large number of such knowledge failed , And lack of fresh 2 Class knowledge to complement （ After all, people have a lot of non-technical things to consider ）. Besides , The first 0 Class knowledge and 4 The lack of such knowledge , It will lead to the second 2 The absorption efficiency of this kind of knowledge is low , Exacerbated the fear of knowledge failure .

If you can invest a lot of time in 1、2 On , At the same time, hone and invest in 0、3、4 Class knowledge , that , In theory , We should not worry about the failure of a large amount of knowledge . Because the first 2 This kind of knowledge is doomed to failure . It is conservatively estimated that there will be 70% Knowledge failure , But as long as 30% The principle of cognition 、 Judgment and experience are still , The first 2 This kind of knowledge can be continuously supplemented , Knowledge failure will not be a big problem . This is like comparison. , Human cells change a lot every day , But as long as the body's ability is , Cell replacement does not have a significant impact on the whole .

in fact , Knowledge failure should be a universal problem , There are a lot of in all walks of life . But in the field of software and Internet with rapid technological change, it is more obvious .

When we do programming development, we will consider fault tolerance . Empathy , In the construction of knowledge system , Fault tolerant processing also needs to be considered , namely ： Be able to tolerate the failure of some knowledge , And it will not cause obvious impact .

Knowledge investment

Let's extend it , It's actually “ Knowledge investment ” The problem of . When we go to school , I hardly realize that studying is a kind of knowledge investment , I just think we can learn what others ask us to learn . When you step into society , Knowledge investment becomes a private thing . Some people know what to invest in and keep learning , Some people keep learning but don't know what knowledge to invest in , Others simply stop learning （ Knowledge investment ）.

Grow and grow , Grow beans and beans .

Invest in what

What knowledge should be invested ？ From the above analysis , The answer is obvious ：

• Knowledge of principle . This is the second step to recognize and produce everything 1、2、3、4 The source of this kind of knowledge . Master section 0 A man of knowledge is a knowledge creator , And the lack of the first 0 Most people with such knowledge , Inevitably become a knowledge Porter .

• Commonality commonly used knowledge . Enough can be used. , Appropriate investment .

• Variability uses knowledge . Look in the right direction , Invest cautiously .

• Empirical knowledge of scarcity . This is what many people want on their resumes , However, due to the low probability of occurrence 、 Limited opportunities , In fact, it is difficult for most people to have such knowledge and experience . Invest whenever you have a chance , But you can't force .

• Scarcity judgment and design ability . This is the knowledge that I think should be invested most . It can be compared with an old doctor , It looks mysterious , And it makes sense to support .

The focus is on principle knowledge and judgment 、 Design ability . Principle knowledge needs to be learned regularly 、 Accumulate over a long period ; Judgment and design ability focus on tempering and enhancing in practice .

Besides , Investment in non-technical knowledge ：

• Treat people and things . expression 、 communicate 、 negotiation ; At least understand a little human and worldly wisdom , Do a good job of external interface .

• Economic wealth . Now , Individual wealth , It is far from being achieved by personal efforts , To a large extent, it will depend on national development and the times 、 Industry opportunities . Understand some microeconomics 、 macroeconomic 、 conduct financial transactions 、 Wealth related knowledge , Personally, I think it is also very necessary . Don't believe it. , Early buyers , Is it that people who buy a house later have to struggle for less than ten years ？ I suffered from this .

• lifestyle . Such as hedging 、 Nursing 、 First aid 、 cooking 、 Drive and wait .

• Hobbies . Mainly as an adjustment to life , Relieve the pressure of work .

• Design and art . Design and art can become a powerful spiritual support for life , Although it seems useless .

How to learn

How to learn and invest ？

• Learning by using . Record what you don't understand when using , Record in the learning plan list ; When you have free time , Just take it out of the learning plan list , Understand the principles . For example, during development , The use of API Interface ; After work , You can read API Interface source code , Learn the principles used in it .

• Build a solid foundation . Read classic books , Establish a relatively solid knowledge architecture . Like learning 《 Deep understanding of computer systems 》、《 High performance MySQL》、《 Build data intensive applications 》 etc. .

It's hard for office workers to have a lot of time to study , Therefore, the first method is more suitable for ; And the student party has a lot of time , The second way should be adopted .

Investment and consumption

If we put a person's life , Use a simple economic model to measure , That is investment and consumption . investment , It means doing something that can produce value in the future ; Consume , Is the value that the expenditure has generated .

such as , I study photography . This is an investment . Because after I learned photography , You can take good photos . The people in the circle of friends are in a happy mood , I don't know what good I can do , Indirectly promote the generation and circulation of social and economic benefits . I visit the garden , It is consumption. , Spend your time and money and the beautiful environment that park managers spend their time maintaining .

Rational people do not reject consumption . Rational people just reject constant consumption . Constant consumption is harmful , It will destroy one's basic economic survival structure , Cause a person to feel pain both mentally and physically . A slightly rational person , We all know to keep investment and consumption in a relatively balanced state .

Investment does not necessarily pay off . There will be a loss on the investment . That is, it takes time and money but nothing . therefore , Investment is not a lot of flowers and seeds for no reason , But sowing and watering with a goal and a plan .

Summary

The origin of this article is to ask . When answering , I suddenly feel that my programming knowledge investment is not very good （ The best thing to do is to 4 Investment in knowledge ）, Did not consciously invest in relevant knowledge , The knowledge system is not strong .

Knowledge is power . That's right . But we must invest in knowledge . For programming knowledge , Knowledge of principle 、 Judgment and design knowledge are very important types of knowledge . We need to know more about these two kinds of knowledge “ Hold positions ” Proportion .