How openocd directly downloads programs to STM32 board through stlink (solved)

First , About OpenOCD Introduction to , And how to debug , Look at my article ：

The embedded IDE principle OpenOCD Introduce as well as stlink How to connect stm32 The board _ mark biao The blog of -CSDN Blog

because OpenOCD Once connected , Meeting Automatic entry 3 Port listening mode （ That's one of them gdbserver port , Actually OpenOCD It's essentially a gdbserver）, So debug （ choice gdb Port can , The above article says ）, It's easy . But this article is about how Direct download program , Instead of debugging .

 

The existing good reference blogs are as follows （ These two blogs talk about the same ）：

Windows Upper use OpenOCD to STM32 Download program _MCUlover666 Technology blog _51CTO Blog

【STM32 development environment 】Linux Lower development stm32（ Two ） | Use openocd Download program _Mculover666 The blog of -CSDN Blog _openocd

There are two ways to download the program to the board ：

（win10,stm32f103ZET6 Single chip microcomputer ,st-link v2 Hardware Debugger ,OpenOCD edition OpenOCD-20211118-0.11.0）

1. Use port connection mode

Connect first OpenOCD To the hardware debugger , open powershell Command line window

Command line ：openocd -f < Interface profile > -f < Target chip configuration file >

For example, I stm32f103zet6 The board ：openocd -f  scripts/interface/stlink.cfg -f scripts/target/stm32f1x.cfg

  So you can have Three port connection protocols ：tcl 、 telnet  、gdb（ Debugging function use , This is what I use in this blog The embedded IDE principle OpenOCD Introduce as well as stlink How to connect stm32 The board _ mark biao The blog of -CSDN Blog ）.

If you choose  telnet Port connection , Then open another powershell Command line window ,

Enter the command line ：telnet localhost 4444 Connect to openocd

1. Enter the command ：halt, The target chip is suspended , It's like shutting down
2. Enter the command ：flash write_image erase < Files to download >, Download the file to the target chip flash
3. Enter the command ：reset, The target chip is reset

  Empathy ,tcl Port connections are similar .

But downloading the program is too troublesome , Can you not connect the port , One command line , Download directly ？ Tolerable , as follows

2. Use direct download

One command line ：

openocd -f scripts/interface/stlink.cfg -f scripts/target/stm32f1x.cfg -c init -c "reset halt; wait_halt; flash write_image erase build/ project 15.bin 0x08000000" -c reset -c shutdown

explain ：

• openocd -f scripts/interface/stlink.cfg -f scripts/target/stm32f1x.cfg Used to connect to OpenOCD
• -c Indicates the option to be executed ,-c init For initialization
• -c "reset halt; wait_halt; flash write_image erase build/ project 15.bin 0x08000000" To execute a command , among reset halt; wait_hal First stop the SCM （ You can't have less semicolons ）, This sentence is very important
• -c reset -c shutdown, Indicates resetting the SCM , And quit OpenOCD

 

Be careful ：

reset halt; wait_hal , This sentence is indispensable , Otherwise, the first download will succeed , But the second download will report an error ：timeout waiting for algorithm, a target reset is recommended, For example, the following blog has such a problem ： 
Windows Upper use OpenOCD to STM32 Download program _MCUlover666 Technology blog _51CTO Blog  STM32 development environment 】Linux Lower development stm32（ Two ） | Use openocd Download program _Mculover666 The blog of -CSDN Blog _openocd

 

 Thread: [OpenOCD-devel] J-TAG flash programming issues STM32F7 | OpenOCD - Open On-Chip Debugger

I guess the reason ：

• The first is mine OpenOCD The version is different from them , This is the latest version .
• second , Because it's connected OpenOCD, This one. gdbserver There is no normal exit
• Third , Commands written directly  -c halt No entry into force , It must be written in my way .

Some people on the Internet write the command line like this ：（ It is here that I get inspiration , You can also enlighten yourself ）

openocd -f interface/ftdi/jtagkey.cfg -f myboard_EK390.cfg -c "init; targets; reset halt; wait_halt; poll; flash write_image erase unlock Debug-EK390-0/FirmwareEK390_caffe.elf; flash erase_check 0; reset run; shutdown"

OpenOCD Reference manual ：

• Use openocd Some tips ：OpenOCD Use guide -oceanhehy-ChinaUnix Blog
  Use jtag when , Best used cpu After reset, do not execute any instructions directly halt, The relevant instructions are ：reset halt, There are also similar instructions reset run、reset init, These instructions are in openocd There are instructions in the manual .
  
  Openocd The configuration file is tcl Script , So use proc You can define an interface similar to a function . By using proc, Can save a lot of trouble .
  
  stay MinGW Compile the openocd Can be in windows Of cmd Run directly in , But if jtag The interface does not interface with the board , The program will die , And it can't be returned . At this time, plug and unplug again when the board is charged openjtag, Then reopen the new cmd function openocd that will do . however , Must be changed at this time telnet_port, because , Just died openocd Occupying the original port .
• Official documents  OpenOCD User guide _ Confucius said Xiao Jiu's blog -CSDN Blog _openocd