Fundamentals of software engineering (I)

Preface —— Software history ：

The first stage —— Individual work style

 

The second stage —— Way of cooperation （ Software Crisis ）

The reasons causing ：

• The unique characteristics of software bring difficulties to development and maintenance
• Misconceptions of software personnel
• Low automation of software development tools

Be careful ： It is not that the hardware and software are uncoordinated

The third stage —— Software Engineering （ use engineering Method of organizing software development ）

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One 、 Concept —— technology + management

 

 （ One ） Technical elements

Method ：

Structured approach 、 Object oriented methods 、 Agile methods

Tools ：

Development 、 maintain 、 management

The process

A series of related activities involved in the production of software products that meet the requirements and meet the engineering objectives

（ Two ） Software process classification

 （ 3、 ... and ） The life cycle of software

 1. Software definition —— Systems analysis

 2. software development —— The system design 、 system implementation

3. Operation and maintenance

 

 （ Four ） Software development model

① 、 Waterfall model ： Clear sequence , commonly The needs are clear , Process oriented ( structured ) Development .

②、 Incremental model ： Incremental model is a development model that divides the whole model into several sub development stages , The corresponding test phase of each development phase is practice . Be familiar with the developed field and have prototype system , Conduct Existing products are upgraded or new versions are developed Wait a while More suitable .

③、 Prototypes ： The prototype model adopts the method of gradual refinement to perfect the prototype , So that the prototype can “ Fast ” Development , It avoids the difficulties in the long development process like waterfall model Respond quickly to user feedback . The prototype model is suitable for those who cannot define the requirements in advance The development of software system .

④、 Fountain model ： The fountain model is a kind of Driven by user needs , Object driven models , Mainly used to describe the object-oriented software development process . Adapt to Object oriented software development process

⑤、V Model ： A variation of the waterfall model , It reflects the relationship between test activities and analysis and Design . Pattern is a traditional software development model , It is generally applicable to the development of some traditional information system applications .

 

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