HCIP第十天_BGP路由汇总实验

1、实验要求

1、R2-7每台路由器均存在一个环回接口用于建立邻居；同时还存在一个环回来代表连接用户的接口；
最终这些连接用户的接口网络需要可以和R1/8的环回通讯
2、AS2网段地址 172.16.0.0/16 减少路由条目数量

2、实验拓扑

3、分析过程

1、地址规划
IP地址
172.16.0.0/16
建邻环回：
172.16.0.2/32 R2 L0
172.16.0.3/32 R3 L0
172.16.0.4/32 R4 L0
172.16.0.5/32 R5 L0
172.16.0.6/32 R6 L0
172.16.0.7/32 R7 L0
用户环回：
172.16.2.0/24 R2
172.16.3.0/24 R3
172.16.4.0/24 R4
172.16.5.0/24 R5
172.16.6.0/24 R6
172.16.7.0/24 R7
AS2骨干链路
172.16.1.0/30
172.16.1.4/30
172.16.1.8/30
172.16.1.12/30
172.16.1.16/30
172.16.1.20/30
具体如拓扑图所示

2、IP地址配置完成后，配置路由，包含R1/2和R7/8之间的静态和R2/3/4/5/6/7的动态路由协议（OSPF）

3、建立EBGP和IBGP关系以及内部的反射

4、对应网段在BGP协议内的宣告

5、汇总（在此使用不正规的路由汇总，直接书写一条防环路由——指向空接口，随后直接宣告汇总路由）

4、配置内容

R1：

[r1]int g 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 32
[r1]ip route-static 172.16.0.2 32 12.1.1.2
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 2
[r1-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r1-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r1]int l1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24 ——添加环回用于测试
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]network 192.168.1.0 24

R2：

[r2]int g 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.2 32
[r2-LoopBack0]int l1
[r2-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.2.1 24
[r2-LoopBack1]int g 0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.21 30
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.1 30
[r2]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 12.1.1.1
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 1
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r2-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0——空接口
[r2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16——宣告

R3：

[r3]int g 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.3 32
[r3-LoopBack0]int l1
[r3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 next-hop-local
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 next-hop-local
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 reflect-client——创建反射

R4：

[r4]int g 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.4 32
[r4-LoopBack0]int l1
[r4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
[r4]ospf 1
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r4-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r4]bgp 64512
[r4-bgp]con
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as-number 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 ebgp-max-hop 2

R5：

[r5]int g 0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.17 30
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.5 32
[r5-LoopBack0]int l1
[r5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.1 24
[r5]ospf 1
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r5]bgp 64513
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local

R6：

[r6]int g 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.13 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.18 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.6 32
[r6-LoopBack0]int l1
[r6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.1 24
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 next-hop-local
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 next-hop-local
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 reflect-client——反射创建

R7：

[r7]int g 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.10 30
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.14 30
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 78.1.1.1 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.7 32
[r7-LoopBack0]int l1
[r7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.1 24
[r7]ip route-static 8.8.8.8 32 78.1.1.2
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]con
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 3
[r7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local

R8：

[r8]int g 0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 78.1.1.2 24
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 8.8.8.8 32
[r8]ip route-static 172.16.0.7 32 78.1.1.1
[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as-number 2
[r8-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r8-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r8]int l1
[r8-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.2.1 24——添加环回，用于测试
[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]network 192.168.2.0 24

5、结果验证

R1上面通过BGP学到的路由

R8通过BGP学到的路由

R2pingR1和R8的环回

R3pingR1和R8的环回

R4pingR1和R8的环回

R5pingR1和R8的环回

R6pingR1和R8的环回

R7pingR1和R8的环回