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SQL最常用的语句
2022-06-25 15:35:00 【全栈程序员站长】
大家好,又见面了,我是你们的朋友全栈君。
语法:
一步步由浅到深,这里用的都是mysql做的。
基础:
连接数据库:
mysql -h10.20.66.32 -uroot -p123456-h后面是mysqlServer所在地址,-u后面是用户名,-p后面是密码。
查看数据库
show databases;使用数据库
use test;- 查看表
show tables;查看表结构
desc winton建表
create table t1( id int not null primary key, name char(20) not null );语法 create table 表名称( 字段名 字段名类型 字段描述符,字段名 字段类型 字段描述符);
删除表
drop table test;- 1
语法:drop table 表名称;
修改表
添加字段
alter table t1 add(score int not null);语法:alter table 表明称 add(字段名 类型 描述符);
移除字段
alter table t1 drop column score;语法:alter table 表名 drop colunm 字段名,drop colunm 字段名;
变更字段
alter table t1 change name score int not null;语法:alter table 表名 change 旧字段名 新字段名 新字段描述符
插入
全字段插入
insert into winton values(001,'zww'),(002,'rs');语法:insert into 表名 values(字段1值,字段2值,……),(字段1值,字段2值,……);
个别字段插入
insert into winton(id) values(004);查看插如后的结果,如上图所示。
语法:insert inton 表名(字段名) values(值一),(值二);
普通查询
单表全字段查询
select * from t1;语法:select * from 表名;
单表个别字段查询
select id from t1;语法:select 字段一,字段二 from 表名;
多表查询
select t1.id,t1.score,winton.name from t1,winton;语法:select 表一字段,表二字段,表三字段,…… from 表一,表二,表三,……
条件查询
单表条件查询
select * from t1 where socre>90;语法:select 字段1,字段2 from 表名 where 条件;
多表条件查询
select t1.id,t1.score,winton.name from t1,winton where t1.id=winton.id;语法:select 表一字段,表二字段 from 表一,表二 where 条件;
嵌套查询
select name from winton where id=(select id from t1 where score=90);语法:select 字段一,字段二…… from 表名 where 条件(查询);
并查询
(select id from t1 )union(select id from winton);交查询
select id from t1 where id in (select id from winton);删除
delete from winton where id=4;语法:delete from 表名 where 条件;
更新
update t1 set score=69 where id=2;语法:update 表名 set 更改的字段名=值 where 条件;
常用函数
求和
select sum(score) from t1;注:sum(字段) 对字符串和时间无效
求平均值
select avg(score) from t1; 注:avg(字段)对字符串和时间无效
计数
select count(*) from t1;注:count(字段名)不包含NULL;
求最大值
select max(name) from winton;注:max(colunm)返回字母序最大的,返回数值最大的
求最小值
select min(name) from winton;注:min(colunm)返回字母序最小值,返回数值最小值
常用的修饰符
distinct 字段中值唯一
select distinct name from winton;limit查询结果数限制
select * from winton limit 2;order by 排序
select * from winton order by name;注:默认是升序
desc 降序
slelect * from winton order by name desc;asc 升序
select * from winton order by name asc;group by 分组
select name from winton group by name;索引
创建普通索引
create index wintonIndex on winton (name);语法:create index 索引名称 on 表名 (字段一,字段二,……);
创建唯一索引
create unique index wintonIndex on winton (id);语法:create unique index 索引名 on 表名 (字段一,字段二,……); ps:unique index 要求列中数据唯一,不能出现重复。
移除索引
drop index wintonIndex on winton;语法: drop index 索引名 on 表名;
结尾
恩,基本能想起来的就值么多了,都是最基础,最常用的一些。
发布者:全栈程序员栈长,转载请注明出处:https://javaforall.cn/152099.html原文链接:https://javaforall.cn
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