Requests module (requests)

requests The module is python Sending request module commonly used in , The function is to send http request , Get response data . It needs to be used before use pip Download .

pip install requests

Use requests

• Use requests send out get request

requests.get('https://www.douban.com/')

• Send... With parameters get request

Pass in a dictionary as params Parameters can be

requests.get('https://www.douban.com/',params={'a':'python','b':'100'})

Instance requested url Then for ：

https://www.douban.com/search?a=python&b=100'

• Sending requires incoming HTTP Header Of get request

Pass in a field as headers Parameters can be

requests.get('https://www.douban.com/', headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 11_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit'})

• send out json Data get request ：

Pass in a dictionary as json Parameters can be

params = {'key': 'value'}
requests.post(url, json=params)

• Send the file get request

Pass in a dictionary as files Parameters can be , The value of the dictionary is the incoming file , When reading files, you need to use rb Mode binary for reading .

upload_files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')}
requests.post(url, files=upload_files)

• Send with Cookie Of get request

Pass in a dictionary as cookies Parameters can be .

cookies= {'name': 'hhh', 'pwd': 'working'}
requests.get(url, cookies=cookies)

• Specify the timeout time get request

Pass in a number as timeout Parameters can be . Be careful timeout The unit of parameter is seconds

requests.get(url, timeout=3)

• send out post request

take get() Method changed to post() The method can . How to import a dictionary as data Parameters , To act as post Requested data .

requests.post('https://accounts.douban.com/login', data={'form_email': '[email protected]'})

If you need to use other request methods , Will post() Method can be changed into a response method . Such as put(),delete() etc. , You can use put perhaps delete Method to request data .

Common methods for responding to content

After using the above method , Will return an object , It contains all the response contents . In general use response Receive , Response content . The common attributes of this object are ：

• status_code
  • Status code
• text
  • Response body
• content
  • Is also a response body , But whether the response is text or binary content ,content Attribute acquisition is bytes object
  • You can use this property later decode Method , Decode the data , The default is utf-8
• encoding
  • View encoding format
• json
  • obtain json data
• headers
  • Get response header
• Cookie
  • obtain Cookie