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英语基础知识:修饰性的句子成分-上篇
2022-07-27 05:22:00 【小小小糖果人】
元音开头,改a 为an
短元音[əe] [e] [i] [כ] [ ] [u] [ə]
长元音 [i:] [כ:] [a:] [u:] [ə:]
8个双元音: [ei] [ai] [əu] [au] [כi] [iə] [eə]
字母超过6个就属于高级词汇了
颜色:
紫色表示定语,
红色表述主语或者谓语
一、前置定语
前置 = 简单 (形容词 名词 分词 -doing done)
1、形容词做定语
This is an elegant and charming CEO.
核心:
CFO 首席财务官=chief financial offier
CTO 首席技术官 = chief technology offier
COO 首席运营官=operate v 运作;操作
CCO 首席内容官 =content n 内容
CEO 首席执行官 =executive adj 执行的
文化交流能促进社会进步
Cultural communication can promotesocial progress
核心:
Cultural n 文化 communication n 交流
Promote v 促进 推动 progress n 进步
2、名词做定语
昨天,我去了这家药店
yesterday I went to this drug store
核心:
Drug n.药品 毒品 store n.商店 v 存储
Department store 百货商店
Supermarket 超市
通信革命改变了我们的生活
Communication revolution has changed our life
核心:
Revolution n 革命
Reform v./n.改革
Form v.形成 n 形式 表格
3、分词做定语
分词分为 现在分词(doing) 和 过去分词(done)
现在分词 表示主动+进行
过去分词 表示被动+完成
Write -写 = writing(现在分词) written(过去分词)
Show = showing shown
发展中国家包括中国和印度
Developing countries include China and India
发达国家:develop-countries
理解:发展国家,因为还在努力发展,所以属于现在分词,主动+进行
发达国家,因为发展已经完成,所以属于过去分词,被动+完成
这些正在飘落的树叶给我留下了深刻的印象
The falling leaves have left a deep impression on me
核心:
leave an impression on sb 给某人留下印象
Leave v 离开 留下 使得
Your performance left a deep impression on me
个人隐私是一个容易被忽视的问题
Privacy is an overlooking problem.
你的笑脸给我留下了非常深刻的印象
Your smiling face left a deep impression on me
这家超市由许多老板修建
The supermarket was built/constructed by large numbers of employers
如果动作放在末尾,需要放置在主语后面,
核心:
Employers 雇主
Employee 员工
Build 修建
Comstructed 修建
Large Numbers of 许多人
这位知识渊博的女士正在做一个演讲
The knowledgeable woman is giving a lecture
我非常讨厌必修课
I really/extremely hate required courses
核心:
Extremely n 非常
Courses n 课程
Hate n 讨厌
Require n 要求
二、后置定语:(比较复杂的定语)
无法用一两个单词描述的,就用后置定语
1、分词结构【核心】--主要考虑主动和被动
操场上跑步的那位运动员看上去很有活力
The athlete (running on the playground)looks very energetic
核心:
athlete n.运动员
energy n 精力
Practice(练习):
这位在发达国家工作的工人来自巴西
The Worker ( working in a developed country ) comes from Brazil
那些重视质量的公司更有可能赢得客户的信任
The companies (place a high value on quality)are more likely to win customers’ trust
核心:
Place a high value on quality 高度重视
Quality n.质量;品质
互联网带来的好处是显而易见的
The benefit(brought by the Internet) are obvious
核心:
Benefit n 优势
Obvious adj 明显的
Bring vt 带来、取来
这场由学生会的辩论赛吸引了我们的注意力
The dabate (organized by the students‘ union)attracts our attention
核心:
Organization n 组织 分配 安排
Student union 学生会
Attract vt 吸引
Dabate competition 辩论赛
Practice:
这位在哈佛大学工作的教授是一位被许多大学生尊敬的老人
The professor (working at Harvard university)is an(respected by large numbers of college students) oldman
总结:
被许多大学生尊敬,这栋建筑被谁修建,将尊敬和修建提前,然后用by进行承接
respected by large numbers of college students
built/constructed by large numbers of employers
2、介词短语【核心=介词+名词】
常见介词:in(在..里面/在…方面) on (在…上面/有关) at(在…地方) about (有关)with (和…有关) for (为了/因为) from of(什么什么的) under
Practice:
我给了她一些有关于人工智能研究的建议
I gave him some suggestions(about the study of artificial intelligence)
女性都渴望实现工作与家庭的平衡
Women desire to achieve a balance(between work and family。)
核心:
Desire to 渴望
Achieve 实现
树下的那个男生是我弟弟
The boy (under the tree)is my cousin
他糟糕的表现主要原因是复杂的
primary reason(for his poor performance) is complex
核心:
The reason for sth = the cause of sth xxxx原因
Practice
我并不理解金钱和幸福之间的关系
I do not understand the relationship between money and happiness
核心:
Relationship n 关系 happiness n 幸福
他失败的主要原因是简单的
Primary reason (for his failure)is simple
这位老师给了我一些大学生活的建议
The teacher gave me some suggestions about campus life
核心:
Campus life 大学生活
社会的发展取决于很多因素
The develop of society depends on large numbers of factors
核心:
Society n 社会
Develop v 发展
Factors n 因素
3、不定式(to do)也可以充当后置定语
克服困难的勇气能帮助我们取得进步
The courage(to overcome difficulties) can help us make progress
核心:
以后看到什么什么的勇气,都用这个短语 The courage to do sth
直面挑战: to courage face challenges
我做出了创业的决定
I make a decision to start a business
核心
To start a business 创业
Make decision 做出决定
我们应该培养解决实际问题的能力
We should cultivate the ability to solve practical problems
核心:
The ability 能力
To solve practical problems 解决实际问题
总结:decision(决定)/ability(能力)/courage(勇气)/capacity(能力) 这些词后往往需要通过不定式来作后置定语
Practice:
莎士比亚拥有取得成功的勇气
Shakespeare has/possesses the courage to achieve huge success
核心:
Possess +es 俩个ss结尾的需要加es 拥有
Achive 实现 完成 达到某种成功
小明缺乏应对挫折的能力
Xiaoming lacks the ability to deal with setback
核心:
Lacks 缺乏
Ability 能力
Deal with setback 应对挫折
The decision(to pursue a master‘s degree) shocked my parents
核心:
decision n 做出决定
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