Management by objectives [14 of management]

Management by objectives , It was first developed by Peter, a master of management · Drucker proposed , Its definition of management by objectives is ：

Management by objectives is goal oriented , Human centered , Based on results , Modern management methods that enable organizations and individuals to achieve the best performance . Management by objectives is also known as “ Results management ”, Commonly known as responsibility system .

Objective management has three characteristics ：

1. Pay attention to human factors

2. Establish target chain and target system

3. Based on achievements , Value results

How to manage by objectives . Everyone makes plans , The plan serves the goal .

Set goals . But the link of setting goals , Also pay attention to technology , There are certain grounds and factors , otherwise , Practice and act , It will backfire .

Method ： Target management SMART principle .

——S For concrete (Specific), It means that the performance appraisal should be focused on specific work indicators , You can't generalize ;

——M For measurable (Measurable), Performance indicators are quantitative or behavioral , Verify that the data or information of these performance indicators are available ;

——A Represents realizable (Attainable), Performance indicators can be achieved with effort , Avoid setting too high or too low a goal ;

——R It stands for relevance (Relevant), Performance indicators are related to other objectives of the work ; Performance indicators are related to the job ;

——T On behalf of time limit (Time-bound), Focus on specific deadlines for performance indicators .

For example, the architecture of the data management system is as follows ： Is to have Smart principle

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Management by objectives is a procedure or process , It enables the superiors and subordinates in the organization to negotiate , Determine the overall goal of the organization in a certain period according to the mission of the organization , Therefore, it is decided that 、 Responsibilities and sub goals of subordinates , And regard these goals as organizational management 、 Evaluate and reward each

The standard of unit and individual contribution .

  The guiding ideology of objective management is based on Y Theory based , That is, when the goal is clear , People can be responsible for themselves . The specific method is the further development of Taylor's scientific management . Compared with traditional management, it has distinctive characteristics , It can be summarized as ：

1、 Pay attention to human factors .

Management by objectives is a kind of participation 、 Democratic 、 Self controlled management system , It is also a management system that combines personal needs with organizational goals . Under this system , The relationship between superiors and subordinates is equal 、 Respect 、 rely on 、 Support , Subordinates are conscious after committing to goals and being authorized 、 Autonomous and autonomous .

2、 Establish the target chain and target system .

Management by objectives through a specially designed process , Decompose the overall objectives of the organization step by step , Convert to units 、 The sub goals of each employee . From organizational goals to business unit goals , And then to the department goals , Finally, personal goals . In the process of goal decomposition , power 、 responsibility 、 The three have been made clear , And they are symmetrical . These goals are in the same direction , Interlocking , Cooperate with each other , Form a coordinated and unified target system . Only everyone has achieved their sub goals , The overall goal of the whole enterprise can only be achieved .

3、 Value results

Goal management starts with setting goals , End with the assessment of the completion of the goal . Work results are the standard for evaluating the degree of completion of goals , It is also the basis for personnel assessment and award evaluation , Become the only sign to evaluate the performance of management . As for the specific process of achieving the goal 、 Ways and methods , The superior doesn't intervene much . therefore , Under the objective management system , There are few elements of supervision , And the ability to control the realization of goals is very strong .

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