Graduation thesis | how to write literature review

This article wants to output the summary of my literature review .

It is still explained in advance , This article is just some tips I summarized in my graduation thesis , In order to make it convenient for me to consult when I encounter similar problems in the future ,maybe There will be something wrong , If you have any, you can always discuss with me backstage ！

01 About the order of Thesis Writing

I was confused for a long time before this problem , Many people write papers in the order of paper templates , The first chapter is the research background , Then go to literature review, then put forward assumptions and models, and then to data validation , Write it down step by step , Collect information wherever you write .

There are also some people who first based on a large number of documents 、 The theory chooses the variables , Determine the model , Collect questionnaire data , First do a simple data analysis , Verify the model , Make sure that the model is correct, then comb it all over again and start writing papers .

There are many irons in these two orders , But I think the first one is more likely to encounter risks , If some variables are verified later, the model needs to be modified , So in the background 、 There will be great changes in the overview . The second idea is to decide what you want to write first , Make further efforts to improve .

So I took the second method to write papers . Just follow your own ideas .

02 What should be written about the research background

Most of the doctoral theses I read , The research background they presented is basically an introduction to the general environment , Including policies 、 Some new technology 、 The emergence of a new era background , Then let's talk about what kind of problems have arisen in this context , This problem must be academic , Not particularly general .

Let's take a look at an example .

▲ Literature sources ： Songfengkai . An empirical study on the influencing factors of users' willingness to continue using virtual communities [D]. Shandong University ,2019.

Because he has a long space , I only cut a small part of the picture , Simply say how I feel after reading it , The method of dividing paragraphs and summarizing according to pupils , This part of the research background can be divided into three parts .

• The first part talks about the emergence of the Internet gave birth to virtual communities ;
• The second part is about the surge of virtual community users 、 The rapid development ;
• The third part puts forward the problems encountered in the development of virtual community ： Information quality is mixed , The cost of getting customers is very high , Then the academic problems of this paper are raised ： How to keep the retention rate and activity of virtual community users stable .

Look at the three parts , In fact, this part of the background shows me a story , How does virtual community appear 、 How to develop 、 Then what kind of problems did you encounter balabala.

When I was writing my own article research background , I also refer to their methods , Tell a story about the development history of Q & a platform . I also cut a small part of the picture as follows , You can see that I made it more obvious , Subtitle each piece , But if you think the subtitle is a little low You can remove it hhh.

▲ Literature sources ： Nicholas · Gourd

You must have found a small place , I marked it out , The above two examples refer to some industry reports ！

After reading the gourd, I lost it , It is found that almost all papers have added the interpretation of some industry reports in the background . So maybe it's because the report background can improve a lot .

Here are some websites for me to find industry reports ：

1. China Internet Network Information Center

Here is the Internet usage of people all over the country 、 Netizens balabala

2. IResearch

This is really good , It meets my needs , There are many reports from the Internet industry , Like online travel 、 Take-out food 、 There are reports on knowledge payment, etc .

3. Check the report

This website is through b standing up Lord Lks I know from a video about fairy website , The reported stock is particularly large ,but The search function costs , But it's good to have a look when you have nothing to do . Xiaosi just went to review that video and saw the hot reviews , The website operator said Lks The introduction of let this website collapse , Also added several servers hahahaha .

4.199IT Internet Data Center

It is also a research report of the Internet industry , The content is classified , Also many ！

These four are in use by myself , I feel that it should be enough for my major . Let's take what we need , It can be soaked in rain and dew .

03 What does the literature review include

Convention Convention , Let's look at a few examples first .

I intercepted the catalogue of the literature review of four master's theses , There are several categories ：

• The first one is , For the research object 、 A review of relevant research on variables in the research model 、 carding , By the way, the definition of variables in this paper .
  
  ▲ Literature sources ： Guo Yan . be based on PAD Research on user information behavior in socialized Q & a community based on emotion model [D]. Southwest University of science and technology ,2020.
  
  ▲ Literature sources ： Wang Dongdong . Research on the impact of user interaction on knowledge sharing willingness of social question and answer platform [D]. Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics ,2020.

• The second kind , Describe the definition of variables 、 Measurement factors （ That is, the source of the questionnaire design ）、 Carding of variable related theories .
  
  ▲ Literature sources ： Xubaojia . UGC Research on the impact mechanism of user stickiness of tourism like mobile applications [D]. Tianjin University of Finance and Economics ,2019.
  
  ▲ Literature sources ： Forgot a little .

• The third kind of , Simple and rough stew , Domestic related research & Foreign related research , Domestic theory & Foreign theories .
  
  ▲ Literature sources ： Songfengkai . An empirical study on the influencing factors of users' willingness to continue using virtual communities [D]. Shandong University ,2019.

I used the first , Because I think , Theory is the basis for giving the relationship between variables , The relationship between variables is actually the assumption of our paper , Most of our assumptions stem from theory . Another example ：

▲ Literature sources ： Wang Dongdong . Research on the impact of user interaction on knowledge sharing willingness of social question and answer platform [D]. Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics ,2020.

What is written here is relatively clear , So I plan to write the theory in the third part of the article , Put forward assumptions and model building .

Take an example of perceived usefulness .

This is a Davis stay 1989 The model diagram of the end acceptance theory proposed in , It is also the source of perceived usefulness , According to this theory, it can be concluded that perceived usefulness can affect users' use behavior by affecting users' use attitude .

▲ Literature sources ：Davis F D J M Q.Perceived Usefulness, PerceivedEase of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology[J],1989, 13 (3):319-340.

Then the author of the figure below is based on this theory in the assumption part , The relationship between perceived usefulness and actual adoption behavior is assumed , Build your own model .


▲ Literature sources ： Long Zehui . Analysis of user adoption behavior of social Q & a website [D]. Shanxi University of Finance and Economics ,2017.

After these two examples , We should be able to understand the significance of theory to hypothesis . As for whether to put the theoretical basis in the literature review of the article , In fact, it makes sense , After all, there are precedents . You can write according to your own ideas .

04 Outline of literature review

After all, it is a literature review , It is the collation of previous scholars' relevant research , So quotation is definitely indispensable . The summary of a variable is also divided into three parts when describing ：

1. Definition
2. Related research （ There is a partial focus ）
3. review （ Is the summary of this variable ）

The first is the definition part , Let's take a look at the previous scholars' definition of this variable , Then we propose the definition of this variable in this article . In fact, we can refer to several master's theses in recent years , Most of the master's thesis has been sorted out for you , You just need to change some word order of his narration .

▲ Literature sources ： Guo Yan . be based on PAD Research on user information behavior in socialized Q & a community based on emotion model [D]. Southwest University of science and technology ,2020.

Yes, of course , Define this part , We can also occasionally use the form of a table to do a collation , In this way, it can appear that the expression is not so simple .

▲ Literature sources ： Nicholas · Gourd

Then there is related research , Here you can see the part I just wrote , The screenshot is as follows , It would be too much to turn over all the relevant research on the social Q & a platform and write a summary , So we can focus on our own situation when we recount .
▲ Literature sources ： Nicholas · Gourd

“ Internal research on social Q & a platform , At present, it mainly focuses on Platform content research 、 Platform technology research and user characteristics research . This research focuses on the user characteristics of social question and answer platform , Research on users , Former people mainly from the user motivation 、 Behavior unfolds .”

This one focuses on 、 One focuses on , I have narrowed down the scope of the summary to be written .

Then we should pay attention to , Because I didn't write reviews at home and abroad separately , So when quoting , Scholars at home and abroad should quote , Rain and dew are evenly distributed. ！ Then describe it in turn according to the year of publication .

Comment here , Basically, it is a summary of scholars' research , Then point out whether there are any deficiencies at present , What are the highlights of this study on this variable . For example ：

▲ Wang Dongdong . Research on the impact of user interaction on knowledge sharing willingness of social question and answer platform [D]. Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics ,2020.

05 Literature review quotation tips

When writing an overview , Because many places cite the narration of some master's thesis , So on the basis of others' quotation, we made another quotation .

For example , For example, a scholar wrote a sentence in his master's thesis ：xxx When exploring the influencing factors of users' continuous use behavior , It is proposed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use can significantly affect users' continuous use behavior .

Then we should quote this conclusion again , You need to make a little modification on the basis of this master's thesis , The effect of duplicate checking will be much better , After all, the weight check is the highest in the overview , We should try our best to reduce the duplication rate .

How to modify , Here are two ways to treasure ：

Law 1 ： Machine modification . Simple and rough, I love ！ Wechat follows a official account , be called “ Pei Ying's assistant for thesis revision ”, Jinshui mentioned before in an article on scientific research tools . You send it a message , It will change the word order for you , Or change synonyms , Make this sentence a little different .

Your parents may not be able to return to you in seconds , But this robot , It can ！ Hold on, hold on .

Law two ： Ample food and clothing by working with our own hands. . Robots are certainly not omnipotent , Sometimes it cannot be changed into a higher word order . But we can make a little summary , Then change as you like .

The following picture is what I pondered when I wrote it myself , Is to find some synonyms , Then say something directly and then say it backwards .
Back to that sentence ,xxx When exploring the influencing factors of users' continuous use behavior , It is proposed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use can significantly affect users' continuous use behavior .

I can change the proposal to think 、 prove 、 Find out 、 obtain 、 be aware 、 Pointed out that 、 mention ……

We can also change the word order of the following sentence . Instead, it proposes that users' continuous use behavior is significantly affected by perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use , Or perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use better explain users' continuous use behavior , Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have a good explanation for users' continuous use behavior .

06 Endnote Document management tools

Writing a literature review, we can't help citing a lot of literature , Document management tools Endnote It can save us a lot of time , Thank my brother for introducing me this software , Absolutely, absolutely . The installation method is “ Software think tank ” You can find it on the official account , Installation tutorial I prefer this

EndNote x9 download 、 Detailed tutorial on installation and use

** We can do it on HowNet / Baidu academic / Google academic download citation Endnote Format , It's usually txt Document and ens file .** And then in word Place the mouse in the document where you want to add references , In return Endnote Click the button in quotation marks ,word The number and references will be added directly and automatically .

Bullfrog Endnote！