Oracle 11g静默安装

环境说明：

centos7 4G 2核

Oracle11g zip包,放到tmp，unzip解压 百度网盘下载提取码 xing

[[email protected] tmp]# ls
database //解压后的东西
hsperfdata_oracle
logs
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip //百度网盘下载
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip //百度网盘下载
systemd-private-62827135a4d14897b640b279c5f94087-chronyd.service-rUau8v
vmware-root

关闭防火墙，selinux

关闭防火墙：
# systemctl disable --now firewalld

关闭selinux：
# sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久

重启查看状态：
# getenforce 
Disabled

修改hosts

添加hosts，ip+主机名：
# cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.143.139 localhost localhost 

开始配置安装

安装Oracle 11g依赖包

yum -y install gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel

添加oinstall 、dba 组，新建oracle用户并加入oinstall、dba组中,设置密码

# groupadd oinstall
# groupadd dba
# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
# passwd oracle

修改内核参数：

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf 添加以下参数
。。。。以上省略
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 1073741824

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
# /sbin/sysctl -p 生效

修改用户的限制文件

# vi /etc/security/limits.conf //添加以下参数
。。。以上省略
oracle         soft    nproc         2047

oracle         hard    nproc         16384

oracle         soft    nofile        1024

oracle         hard    nofile        65536

oracle         soft    stack         10240
# End of file

修改/etc/pam.d/login文件

# vi /etc/pam.d/login
。。。。以上省略
# pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule
session    required     pam_selinux.so close
session    required     pam_loginuid.so
session    optional     pam_console.so
//添加此二行
#session  required   /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session  required   pam_limits.so

# pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context
session    required     pam_selinux.so open
session    required     pam_namespace.so
session    optional     pam_keyinit.so force revoke
session    include      system-auth
session    include      postlogin
-session   optional     pam_ck_connector.so

修改/etc/profile文件

# vi /etc/profile
。。。。以上省略
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`/usr/bin/id -gn`" = "`/usr/bin/id -un`" ]; then
    umask 002
else
    umask 022
fi
//添加此8行（注意语言间距）
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
     ulimit -p 16384
     ulimit -n 65536
   else
     ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi

for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh /etc/profile.d/sh.local ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null
        fi
    fi
done

unset i
unset -f pathmunge

# source /etc/profile //读取文件

创建安装目录、修改文件权限

//执行命令
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata

mkdir /u01/app/oracle/inventory

mkdir /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
//切换到oracle用户，设置oracle用户环境变量，执行命令：
# su  oracle
# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
。。。。以上省略
# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
//添加此7行
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_SID=orcl

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'

export PATH

# source /home/oracle/.bash_profile 读取文件

编辑静默安装响应文件，可以替换下面文件，修改ORACLE_HOSTNAME为主机名称。

执行命令
# su root
# vi /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp
//需要修改的参数
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/inventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

安装数据库监听

安装Oracle 11g
# cd /tmp/database
# ./runInstaller -silent -force -ignorePrereq -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp
切换root用户运行脚本
su root
sh /u01/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh
用oracle用户登录配置监听
# su oracle
# netca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp
# yum install libXtst-deve
 查看是否有端口
# netstat -tnulp | grep 1521

建立新库和实例

配置数据库
# vi /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp
//修改参数
GDBNAME = "orcl"

SID = "orcl"

SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"

DATAFILEDESTINATION =/u01/app/oracle/oradata

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

TOTALMEMORY = "1638"

静默配置
# su - oracle
# dbca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp

完成建库后进行实例检查
# ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep
# 查看监听状态:lsnrctl status

登录查看实例状态

启动数据库
# sqlplus / as sysdba
关闭数据库
# SQL> shutdown
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
开启数据库
# SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1720328192 bytes
Fixed Size		    2253944 bytes
Variable Size		 1056967560 bytes
Database Buffers	  654311424 bytes
Redo Buffers		    6795264 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

设置oracle开启启动

oracle用户新增启动文件
# vi /u01/app/oracle/start_ora.sh
#!/bin/sh

lsnrctl start

echo "Oracle just have been started!"

echo "Begin to start the oracle!"

sqlplus /nolog <<EOF

connect / as sysdba

startup

exit

EOF

exit

rc.local文件下添加脚本
# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
。。。。以上多行省略
su - oracle -c "/u01/app/oracle/start_ora.sh"

root用户，增加执行权限：
# chmod  755  /etc/rc.d/rc.local

# chmod  755  /u01/app/oracle/start_ora.sh

重启测试，如果不能启动，可能是环境变量没有生效。

使用source /oracle/home/.bash_profile命令使orale用户环境变量即时生效

如果重启后oracle用户环境变量每次都没有加载，可以root用户把环境变量配置到/etc/profile文件中   
#以成功开机自启
[[email protected] ~]# su - oracle
上一次登录：二 2月 22 19:46:35 CST 2022
[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Feb 22 19:47:55 2022

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

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