当前位置:网站首页>Battery and motor technology have received great attention, but electric control technology is rarely mentioned?
Battery and motor technology have received great attention, but electric control technology is rarely mentioned?
2022-07-07 08:12:00 【Dafang teacher talks about SCM】
Why in the three electricity technology , The battery 、 Motor technology has received great attention , On the contrary, electric control technology is rarely mentioned ?
In general , Yes 4 In terms of reasons :
One 、 Some electric control technology , Driven motor 、 Battery technology covers
Now, permanent magnet synchronous motor and asynchronous AC motor are commonly used in electric vehicles , All belong to three-phase AC motors .
Their electric control algorithm adopts vector control (Vector sensorless control). in other words , When an electric car says that it adopts permanent magnet synchronous or asynchronous AC motor , By default, I announced what kind of electronic control algorithm I used .
This is the crystallization of human wisdom 、 A control method that embodies the spirit of reducing complexity to simplicity .
. The stator has a magnetic field , The rotor also has a magnetic field ;
. If the motor wants to turn , It is to control the electric field and the change of the magnetic field , Attract another magnetic field , Chain is current → The magnetic field → force → torque → Speed ;
. The difficulty lies in , It's like chasing girls , The two magnetic fields are too close to attract , It's too far away to attract , Plus the speed is so fast that it is really difficult to control ……
.1970 Around, Darmstadt University of technology and Siemens proposed Park Transformation , All at once, it's simplified , The world is clean !
Three phase AC motor and vector control algorithm are strictly bound , You use it, I use it, and he uses it . Mention it or not , Can't change this fact . Mentioned words , It also takes up valuable advertisements 、 Poster space , It's better not to mention .
Two 、 The core electronic control algorithm has matured , It's hard to innovate
The peak of AC motor development is 20 century 60 to 80 years , The main driving force is :
· Algorithm : Space vector modulation control technology (SVPWM, Space Vector PWM).
· Signal hardware : The invention and use of advanced processors , Bearer Algorithm .
· Power hardware :IGBT Invention and commercial promotion of , Execute algorithm .
These three belong to the field of electronic control , But the algorithm is mature , It is almost impossible to improve ; The signal hardware carrying the algorithm has long been enough , There is nothing to mention . It's like not selling new games , that Nvidia There is no use for graphics cards .
Power hardware is also called power semiconductor , There is still room for progress , But we just don't seem to realize that this belongs to electronic control . This involves the next aspect :
3、 ... and 、 Mentioned , But I didn't realize that this belongs to electronic control technology
Silicon carbide (SiC) technology , Everyone has heard of it ? Don't you often mention it in the past two years ? tesla 、 The reason why BYD's motor energy consumption is low , Just because I took the lead in using SiC Semiconductor technology .
You may question :SiC MOSFET、IGBT It's all visible 、 Touchable hardware , How can we say it's electronic control technology ?
Then let me interpret this problem .
Whether it is permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM, Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor), Or asynchronous AC motor (IM, Inductor Motor ), If you want to rotate, you can't do without sine wave alternating current :
· Algorithm : The moment of this sine wave 、 cycle 、 phase , Is the SVPWM Algorithm to decide , That is, an algorithm composed of lines of code .
· Algorithm → The signal : Algorithm into signal , It depends on the processor , That is, the chip .
· The signal → power : Success rate of signal conversion , It depends on switching devices , That is, power semiconductor devices .
Only need to “ Switching devices ” Input a small power control signal ( for example 1 Maoqian sends a text message ), It can output / Disconnect the high power current —— This kind of small switching device , It is the legendary bipolar transistor ( abbreviation BJT,Bipolar Junction Transistor), Also known as triode .
You can see ,BJT Can control large current with small current 、 Can be 1 The penny lever levers 100 dollar , So it's also called “ amplifier “[1].
BJT Can finish “ Switching devices “ Basic functions of , But it also has a slow switching frequency 、 High switching loss 、 High driving power consumption , More importantly : It wants to pry 100 Yuan , At least cost 1 dime , If I 1 I don't want to spend any money ?
Then you have to “ Flow control device ” Replace with “ Voltage control device ”, That is to say MOSFET(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor Metal - Oxide semiconductor field effect transistor )[2].
above MOSFET Does the cross-sectional view look big ? It doesn't matter , We just need to remember :MOSFET There are also three poles , Only need Gate Extreme pressure ( Apply a voltage signal ) But don't pay , We can output on the other two poles / Disconnect the power current .
Abscissa is voltage signal , The ordinate is power current —— When there is no voltage , The power current is disconnected ; When the voltage is high enough , Power current conduction . picture source [3]
So it seems ,MOSFET Than BJT Much better , But there is a fatal problem when it is applied to the automotive field : The withstand voltage is weak 、 Can't do high power . In general ,600V10A It's almost over ——400V You can barely use it , But the power is only 6kW, It's OK to build an electric bike ; As for the coming 800V System , That's definitely out of the question !
The application scenario of electric vehicles is too harsh ,MOSFET My little body can't bear it , To do that ? There are two ideas , One is to find help from outside , The second is to improve their own attributes from the inside , It takes a good blacksmith to make steel. .
As the saying goes , Be strict with others , Be lenient to discipline yourself —— The way to improve your attributes is always difficult , Let's go and find a helper first ! therefore ,MOSFET Found the one just beaten by it BJT, The two constitute the withstand voltage range 600-6500V High power switching devices , That is to say MOSFET + BJT = IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, Insulated gate bipolar transistor )[3].
We just mentioned BJT、MOSFET、IGBT It refers to semiconductors “ structure “, The default is based on Si( silicon )“ material “. therefore , Their full name should be “ material + structure ” The combination of , such as Si MOSFET、Si IGBT. Just for a long time , except Si Have no choice but to , Therefore, the material symbols are omitted .
SiC( Silicon carbide ) It is the third generation of semiconductor materials rising in recent years [4], It is a wide band gap semiconductor material , It can achieve high withstand voltage, and the chip is still very thin —— High withstand voltage 、 high power 、 high efficiency 、 Small size .
Improvement of material properties , It means that the semiconductor devices made of them have a wider range of applications [5]:
It also means that , We don't need to give Si MOSFET Find a helper to upgrade to Si IGBT The way to improve ability , You can follow the idea that forging iron still needs its own hard , Upgrade to SiC MOSFET That's all right. [6]!
So , From the algorithm → The signal → From the chain of power ,SiC MOSFET And IGBT It should be classified as electric control technology ! We usually pay attention to when buying a car SiC The concept , But I didn't realize that it belongs to electric control .
Four 、 The threshold of understanding is high , Not easy to spread
Some electronic control algorithms have high understanding threshold , Not easy to spread .
Electric control has a core safety concept : Functional safety (Function Safety).
The concept of functional security is very complex , Difficult to understand . Don't talk about it to consumers , Even say it to the engineer , Without relevant experience, it is also difficult to explain clearly .
occasionally , Don't say you can't explain clearly , Even make mistakes . Such as , Li Bin once said that single motors are all hooligans , Because multiple redundancy of dual motors is safer .
When he expressed this view , It involves the concept of electronic control function safety . Finally, the boss mentioned electric control once , Also wrong . Big guys can say wrong 、 Consumers can't tell right from wrong , It can be seen how difficult the concept of electronic control is to spread —— If you are the marketing director of a car company , Do you think it's a good idea to focus on electronic control ?
边栏推荐
- ROS bridge notes (05) - Carla_ ackermann_ Control function package (convert Ackermann messages into carlaegovehiclecontrol messages)
- 【數字IC驗證快速入門】15、SystemVerilog學習之基本語法2(操作符、類型轉換、循環、Task/Function...內含實踐練習)
- 快解析内网穿透助力外贸管理行业应对多种挑战
- Game attack and defense world reverse
- 藏书馆App基于Rainbond实现云原生DevOps的实践
- Main window in QT learning 27 application
- 2022 Inner Mongolia latest advanced fire facility operator simulation examination question bank and answers
- Leetcode simple question: find the K beauty value of a number
- 【踩坑系列】uniapp之h5 跨域的问题
- Make LIVELINK's initial pose consistent with that of the mobile capture actor
猜你喜欢
LeetCode简单题之判断一个数的数字计数是否等于数位的值
Call pytorch API to complete linear regression
追风赶月莫停留,平芜尽处是春山
Jmeter 的使用
Main window in QT learning 27 application
Avatary的LiveDriver试用体验
CTF-WEB shrine模板注入nmap的基本使用
Réplication de vulnérabilité - désrialisation fastjson
LeetCode简单题之字符串中最大的 3 位相同数字
提高企业产品交付效率系列(1)—— 企业应用一键安装和升级
随机推荐
Network learning (III) -- highly concurrent socket programming (epoll)
JS复制图片到剪切板 读取剪切板
CDC (change data capture technology), a powerful tool for real-time database synchronization
B. Value sequence thinking
Vulnerability recurrence easy_ tornado
Excel import function of jeesite form page
The element with setfieldsvalue set is obtained as undefined with GetFieldValue
复杂网络建模(一)
Notes on PHP penetration test topics
JS quick start (I)
漏洞复现-Fastjson 反序列化
JS copy picture to clipboard read clipboard
Four items that should be included in the management system of integral mall
机器人教育在动手实践中的真理
OpenJudge NOI 2.1 1752:鸡兔同笼
藏书馆App基于Rainbond实现云原生DevOps的实践
青龙面板--整理能用脚本
Zcmu--1492: problem d (C language)
快解析内网穿透助力外贸管理行业应对多种挑战
buureservewp(2)