I did a craniotomy experiment: talk about macromolecule coding theory and Lao Wang's fallacy from corpus callosum and frontal leukotomy

Thank you for Lao Wang's brain hole fallacy 《 The mystery of the human memory system , Maybe that's what happened 》 Hereinafter referred to as" “ Lao Wang's fallacy ” Attention and discussion , Also thanks CSDN I highly recommend this article , In just a few days, there were tens of thousands of hits . stay 【 Lao Wang's brain fallacy 】 Column , Lao Wang will continue to discuss this topic with you , Please pay attention to . I am here CSDN There is a reward in the Q & A area （ debate ） Q & a post A solution to a brain science problem 、 Ask for confirmation or no （ Add questions and provide additional 500 Yuan reward ）,CSDN Vice President, Teacher zouxin will also reward the respondents under the question and answer post from time to time , Welcome everyone to win gold .

Summary

There are key differences between macromolecule coding theory and Lao Wang fallacy except for the physical carrier of memory , There is another important difference , That's a different explanation for the role of a neural pathway in the brain . There happen to be two famous operations and their postoperative results , Personally think that , It is a strong support for Lao Wang's fallacy at the neural level .

An important difference between macromolecule coding theory and Lao Wang's fallacy

Let's look at the following two neural pathways ：

access A： It is in various forms （ Vision 、 auditory 、 Tactile, etc ） The information of is converted into neuroelectric information by various senses and transmitted to the neural pathways of various functional areas of the cerebral cortex （ The passage shown in the figure below A）;

access B： It is a neural pathway that transmits information from the cerebral cortex to the corpus callosum （ The passage shown in the figure below B）;

There are neural pathways B Will be our focus .

By the way, I helped you find a top view of a brain specimen （ Like a walnut ？）, The central axis is the corpus callosum , And from the cerebral cortex, it points to the corpus callosum area Neural pathways B, The neural structure of this part is not complicated .

For access A： There is not much difference between macromolecule coding theory and Lao Wang's fallacy , Therefore, the relevant experimental results on the neural function zoning of the cerebral cortex also support the Lao Wang fallacy , It's just that macromolecular coding believes that memory is formed and stored in the cerebral cortex , The Lao Wang fallacy believes that memory is only through the cerebral cortex ;

For access B： Macromolecular coding theory believes that pathways B Its function is only to exchange information between the left and right hemispheres ; The Lao Wang fallacy believes that it is still a necessary channel for the memory input process , That is, if it is cut off, the memory cannot be input and stored . Because the memory circuit information in Lao Wang Mu needs to be near the septum pellucidum of the corpus callosum “ electric → light ” converter （ Organizational structure ） Only after being converted into optical information can it be stored in the memory space X;

Let's draw a schematic diagram of the corpus callosum in front view of the brain , It is roughly as follows U The font , And in the figure below, I draw the information flow diagram in the eyes of two hypotheses .

There are two major differences ：

• The information flow in Lao Wang's fallacy will not cross the central axis of the corpus callosum ;
• Through neural pathways in Lao Wang's fallacy B The information of is the necessary information to form memory ; And macromolecular coding is said to be through neural pathways B Information is not necessary to form memory （ abbreviation ： Secondary information ）;

An additional confusion ： Neurons conduct signals in one direction , The signal is transmitted to the corpus callosum （ Even transparent partition ） It's the end of it , So how does it send back to the cerebral cortex for information exchange ？

How to verify which statement is correct ？ Lao Wang designed two experimental methods through surgery ：

Design two experiments to see who is right and who is wrong

Surgical experiment 1： The central axis is extended to cut the corpus callosum

Prediction of postoperative results

We use two hypotheses to predict the postoperative results ：

Macromolecular coding theory

According to macromolecular coding ： The operation will not seriously affect memory storage , Because it enters the neural pathway B Information of is only secondary information for information exchange .

Lao Wang's fallacy

According to Lao Wang's fallacy ： Similarly, the operation will not seriously affect the memory storage , Because the operation didn't cut off the neural pathway B.

Surgical experiment 2： Transverse cutting of neural pathways B

Prediction of postoperative results

We use two hypotheses to predict the postoperative results ：

Macromolecular coding theory

According to macromolecular coding ： The operation will not seriously affect memory storage , Because it enters the neural pathway B Information of is only secondary information for information exchange , And the result of the operation should be consistent with the operation experiment 1 Not so much ;

Lao Wang's fallacy

According to Lao Wang's fallacy ： Transection cuts off neural pathways B, The input of memory is seriously blocked , Differences in surgical results and surgical experiments 1 The difference is significant ;

Next , Crazy old Wang is ready to carry out the experiment ！ Of course it's impossible , Fortunately, many doctors used to treat patients , The experimental results have been prepared for us in advance ！

Two famous brain surgeries

Surgical experiment 1： Corpus callosum incision (Corpus Callosotomy)

Reference material

• Baidu Encyclopedia ： Corpus callosum incision (Corpus Callosotomy)

• Diagrammatic procedure of corpus callosum incision

Be careful ： The brief description in Baidu Encyclopedia says that it is extremely inaccurate to remove the corpus callosum , You can see from the picture below , Only the central axis is cut （ And it is partially cut ）, In fact, it is to disconnect part of the left and right hemispheres , Prevent epileptic discharge .

Although this operation is not designed for Lao Wang's fallacy and differences in macromolecular coding , But it almost corresponds to the previous design Surgical experiment 1 idea （ The only difference is that the anterior part of the corpus callosum is cut ）.

Postoperative results

Postoperative corpus callosum incision is often used to treat epilepsy , And the effect is good . As predicted by both hypotheses , It does not seriously affect the storage of memory （ But there will be brain splitting phenomenon , That is, the decision-making contradiction between the left and right limbs . But we are talking about memory storage , Therefore, this postoperative phenomenon is temporarily ignored , Leave it to future researchers to overcome ）.

Surgical experiment 2： Frontal leukotomy (lobotomy)

Reference material

• Baidu Encyclopedia ： Frontal leukotomy (lobotomy)

Introduction Baidu Encyclopedia ： lobotomy （lobotomy） It's a kind of Neurosurgery , Including resection of the connective tissue of the prefrontal cortex , Sometimes referred to simply as white matter resection 、 Lobotomy, etc . White matter resection is mainly used in 1930 S to 1950 The S is used to cure some mental diseases , This is also the first kind of psychiatric surgery in the world .

This operation is more famous , And Oscar movies 《 Fly over the madhouse 》 The man in , Finally, he was forced to have this operation , But why was it later banned , It is even said that the inventor of surgery was almost deprived of his title ？ seen 《 Fly over the madhouse 》 Everyone knows , This operation can turn a good person into a living wood .

Although this operation is not designed for Lao Wang's fallacy and differences in macromolecular coding , But it almost corresponds to the previous design Surgical experiment 2 idea （ The only difference is that the cross cutting is Neural pathways B The front end of ）.

Postoperative results

Baidu Encyclopedia ： At present, the evaluation of lobotomy is generally negative , This is mainly because under the simple conditions at that time , The accuracy of brain surgery is very low , There is no objective evaluation of the postoperative effect 、 Credible Standards . And the surgical object often loses mental impulse after surgery , Show similar dementia 、 Signs of mental retardation .

Analysis of postoperative results

The above results show that ： Surgical experiment 2 That is, frontal white matter transection Even in the “ part ” Cut off the Neural pathways B In the case of and Surgical experiment 1 That is, corpus callosum incision The result of a world of difference , And it has seriously affected the mind and memory system ！ Personally, I think the experimental results are more consistent with the prediction of Lao Wang's fallacy , What do you say? ？

Summary

This is the fourth article in Lao Wang's fallacy series , So far, I think it is still complete and self consistent , And in neuroanatomy and case evidence, there is no loss to macromolecular coding . In previous posts 《 Friends who firmly believe that human memory is stored in macromolecular substances, please take a look 》 and 《 From the perspective of evolution, talk about macromolecular coding theory and Lao Wang's fallacy 》 Lao Wang voted , I don't know the two theories from the perspective of today's corpus callosum and frontal leukotomy , What do you think ？ Please vote again ！

PS

1. Is this article equivalent to Lao Wang designing and implementing targeted experiments for macromolecular coding theory and Lao Wang fallacy ？ Don't always say that I'm talking nonsense in the future , stay 《 Friends who firmly believe that human memory is stored in macromolecular substances, please take a look 》 In the article , I clarified ：“ The purpose of the experiment is to construct a fact , So as to verify or overturn the hypothesis , But it is not a necessary condition in itself . When the factual basis for producing a theory is sufficient , It is not necessary to construct facts through re experiments ”. Today I would like to add another sentence ： If you don't have the ability to discover facts , It's no use doing more experiments ！
2. Some time ago , A friend who opposed me said ：“ Baidu said that the corpus callosum was removed and the memory was not affected , Your old Wang fallacy has been falsified ！！！” I want to say to this friend ： Don't always know what it is and why ; Don't just copy books ！ Mutual encouragement ！