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《一周搞定模电》—电源电路
2022-06-26 08:49:00 【涛涛呐~】
一、电源电路
下图为电源电路的仿真图:
交流电通过变压器、整流二极管和降压芯片便可得到所需直流信号。
器件的选择:
1、整流二极管能承受的反向电压要大于输入电压的峰值;
2、电容的耐压值要大于电容两端加载电压
3、变压器电压要大于稳压模块所需要输入电压,电流需要大于需要的输出电流。
4、C1作为旁路电容,滤除输入端干扰信号防止自激;C3和C4作为耦合电容,滤除输出端信号干扰和自激,有储能作用。
二、可调电源设计
采用LM317和LM337两款线性稳压源进行电路设计,下图是线性稳压源数据手册部门内容。
LM337引脚2和3之间的电流有最小值限制,如下图所示
我们假设引脚2和3之间电流为6mA,可得电阻设置为200R,改变电阻R2的大小就可以调节线性稳压器输出电压。
LM317的调节方式同LM337,电路设计如下:
二、扩压和扩流电路
扩压电路原理图如下所示:
扩压电路仿真图为:加入3V的稳压二极管,输出电压变为8V。
扩流电路的原理如下所示:
Iom是三极管导通时稳压芯片输出电流,仿真图如下
三、开关电源
线性稳压管的管耗很大,电源效率为原来的(40%-60%),而开关电源效率更高。
我之前有写博客专门介绍开关电源基本原理和拓扑结构,此处 不做赘述。
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