There is no one of the necessary magic skills PXE for old drivers to install!!!

One 、PXE Network installation

1、 What is? pxe The Internet

        PXE The system runs before the operating system , It can be used to install the operating system remotely , Build diskless workstation ,PXE client Integrated in the network card boot chip , When the computer boots ,BIOS From the network card chip PXE client Call in memory to execute , obtain PXE server To configure , Show menu , Download the remote operating system to the local machine according to the user's choice .

2、PXE Components and operating processes

Components ：        DHCP service ： Distribute ip Address 、 Locate the bootloader
        TFTP service ： Provide bootloader download
        HTTP service （ or FTP/NFS）, Provide yum Install source

The process ：
    （ The premise is that the client network card chip must support PXE agreement , The motherboard supports booting from the NIC ）
         The first is for the client to dhcp The server sends a request to allocate IP Address ,dhcp The server assigns a to the client ip Address and inform BOOT SERVER The server address of , The client is going to boot server Issue a request to start the file ,boot server Provide startup file , Finally, apply to the image server for an answer file , Installing the operating system .

3、 Three advantages of network installation

         ① Multiple hosts can be assembled at the same time
         ② It can realize various services related to automatic dressing system and configuration
         ③ You don't need a CD 、U Disk and other physical installation media

Two 、PXE Network installation and deployment process

1、 build dhcp Server and configure services

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install dhcp // install dhcp software package 
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf // Modify master profile 
subnet 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
              		// Declare network segment 
	range 192.168.4.100 192.168.4.200;		// Appoint dhcp Address pool range 
	option domain-name-servers 192.168.4.2;		// Tell the client dhcp The address of the server 
	option routers 192.168.4.254;	// gateway 
	default-lease-time 500;					// Minimum allocation time 
	max-lease-time 7200;			// Maximum allocation time 
	next-server 192.168.4.9;	// Appoint PXE Server address 
	filename "pxelinux.0";			// Boot file name 
	}
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd // restart dhcp service 

2、 build TFTP The server

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install tftp-server // install tftp software package 
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart tftp // restart tftp service 
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable tftp // Set power on self start 
[[email protected] ~]# yum provides */pxelinux.0 // Find the package that provides the file 
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install syslinux // Install the queried package 
[[email protected] ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot // Copy the boot file 

3、 Deployment menu file

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /var/lib/tftp/pxelinux.cfg // Create default directory for menu files 
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/dvd // Write protect , Mount as read-only 
[[email protected] ~]# cp /mnt/dvd/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default // Copy the required menu file 

3、 ... and 、 Deploy boot files and web service

1、 Deploy boot file

[[email protected] ~]# cd /mnt/dvd/isolinux
[[email protected] isolinux]# cp vesamenu.c32 splash.png /var/lib/tftpboot // Deployment graphics module and background picture 
[[email protected] isolinux]# cp vmlinuz initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot // Deploy the boot kernel and drivers 
[[email protected] ~]# vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default // Modify the menu file 
 The first menu label linux Delete all of the following , Need to add again 
default vesamenu.c32	// Load graphics driver 
timeout 600		// Second reading time 60
menu background	splash.png	// Background image 
menu title PXE install Centos7	// title 
label linux	// menu 
	menu label Install Centos 7    // Show Centos7
	menu default	// After reading seconds, this menu is selected by default 
	kernel vmlinuz	// Loading kernel 
	append initrd=initrd.img	// Specify the driver to start 

2、 Deploy web service

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install httpd // Install package 
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start httpd // Start the service 
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable httpd // Set power on self start 
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/dvd // Create mount point 
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/fstab // Add mount configuration 
/dev/cdrom	/var/www/html/dvd	iso9660	defaults	0 0

Four 、kickstart Technology to achieve unattended installation

1、 What is? kickstart technology

        ① Provide response file in advance , Define various installations Set up
        ② Eliminate the interaction process , Fully automated installation
        ③ add to %post Script , Various configurations after installation can be performed

2、kickstart Configuration steps

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install system-config-kickstart # Install the answer file generation software 
[[email protected] ~]# system-config-kickstart // Run the command to open the graphical interface for related configuration 
[[email protected] ~]# vim /root/ks.cfg // View the content of the generated answer file and modify it 
[[email protected] ~]# cp /root/ks.cfg /var/www/html // Copy the answer file to http Under the default path , Realize response file sharing 
[[email protected] ~]# vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default // Modify the menu file , Specify the answer file location 
append initrd=initrd.img	ks=http://192.168.4.9/ks.cfg		// Specify the path to the answer file