STM32 uses esp01s to go to the cloud, mqtt FX debugging

Last year, I did a little cloud practice , Now record it , I don't know much about the agreement , I don't study the Internet , Just as a record

1、mqtt Basic concepts of agreement

MQTT The agreement is based on the release / subscribe （publish/subscribe） Mode " Lightweight " Communication protocol , Is built on TCP/IP Agreement on , The biggest advantage is , With very little code and limited bandwidth , Provide real-time and reliable message services for connecting remote devices . As a low cost 、 Low bandwidth instant messaging protocol , Make it in the Internet of things 、 Small equipment 、 Mobile applications are widely used .

The block diagram is shown below ：

The main concern here is ：A Subscribed to the theme 1,B Subscribed to the theme 1, If A To the subject 1 Released information 1, that A and B You'll get messages 1

2、mqtt Agreement to use

This up The speaker was very good , Let me summarize how to use , And avoid some mistakes （ Mining pit ）

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1fu411y77M?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0

The first is the tools used , Actually called esp8266, But this module is the cheapest , Basically 4 You can do it for a dollar , Recommended selection 01s, It seems that the pins are pulled up , Actually, too. 16 Years old version

Download firmware , The firmware of anxinco is used here , In fact, there will be a default firmware when you buy it , That's the firmware we used , So if it's a new one, don't worry , Of course, if you want to learn how to download firmware, you can also try , Firmware address ：https://docs.ai-thinker.com/esp8266/sdk

There is also a description of this module , It's also very detailed , I put it in gitee Inside the https://gitee.com/lx2035/data-manual/tree/master/ESP

The article explains how he downloads firmware

Later, I checked the official information. He has three modes to choose from , You can choose the mode of downloading firmware according to this connection ：

Pattern	EN	RST	GPIOO	GPIO2
UART Pattern	high	high	low	low
flash Operation mode	high	high	high	low

Of course, if you are lazy , You can buy downloaders directly , The essence is also usb-ttl Tools , It is he who has connected these pins to you

Connect the line and you can download , The firmware selected is as follows
The official website also provides download tools , Pay attention here , It is recommended to click erase first , Click download again , If the download process occurs Prompt to reset such information , Then wait there and don't panic , This is normal , Don't take him from USB Pull out the mouth and insert it , It's no use , Just connect RST Unplug this wire of , Connect GND, Just pick it up , After that, I downloaded it smoothly

Then pull out the others , You can use AT Instructions , About AT Instructions recommend this article , The summary is in place
https://blog.csdn.net/csdnhuaong/article/details/67011585

Here is a summary , Use AT At the time of instruction , You need to check send new line , Just send more \r\n, Then the default baud rate is 115200

Here are some important ones to say , send out AT There will be OK Respond

send out AT+GMR Print version information

If the baud rate has been set before , You can use this command to change the baud rate

AT+UART=115200,8,1,0,0

Now try to connect MQTT The server , Using this server

test.mosquitto.org

The computer opens the command line ping once , You can see the normal connection

First use the following command to configure ESP01S

AT+CWMODE_DEF=3  // Set to STA+AT Pattern 
AT+CWJAP_DEF="ZTE-tbua","88888888"  // Connect WIFI
AT+SAVETRANSLINK=1,"test.mosquitto.org",1883,"TCP" // Enter transparent mode , Connect MQTT The server 

Let's start the connection MQTT The server , It is in use here mqttfx Connect the tool to him

The new connection is shown below

Familiar with the common functions of this software are as follows

Now let's edit the message , They are connection message and subscription message

The connection message is as follows , If you don't write the user name and key, you just 00 00, Special attention should be paid here to the user name I use and if the theme changes, the other two lengths should be changed accordingly , So here I'm going to use theta lx

10	12	00 04	4D 51 54 54	04 C2	00 78	00 02	6C 78	00 00	00 00
agreement	Back length	Length of agreement	MQTT	edition	120（ heartbeat ）	client id（ length ）	lx	user name id（ length ）	The key （ length ）

Subscription message

82	07	00 02	00 02	6C 78	00
Headlines	length	Unknown	Theme length	lx	Unknown

Here I put hex Put on

10 12 00 04 4D 51 54 54 04 C2 00 78 00 02 6C 78 00 00 00 00 
82 07 00 02 00 02 6C 78 00   
C0 00 // Keep alive according to the heartbeat , It is to send a command to tell the server that I am still connected within the heartbeat time 

The requirement here is to disconnect and reconnect after the transparent transmission mode is set , It seems that I don't need , Anyway, if it doesn't work, you can try to disconnect and reconnect after setting it to transparent transmission mode .

Another thing to note is that after the transparent mode is set ,AT And the command fails , If you want to close , send out +++ This command is enough , Do not click send new line , Wait a minute and you'll see CLOSE This character , Is to turn off transparent transmission , At this time, you are sending AT It works

Send connection command , Note that 16 Base send , See the return and finally 00

Send subscription , Also return to the end 00

To see better , I switched to VOFA+ This serial port assistant is used to test , You can see that he returned the name and subject

Then we use the previous mqtt.fx Subscribe to the topic and send a try , You can see the smooth reception

3、 Use MQTT.fx Connect

The software is shown below

It can be used as a very convenient debugging tool , It can be used to chain and connect devices , Then receive the distributed data , Connection and subscription , It's more convenient , It is a good testing tool ： Download link
http://www.mqttfx.jensd.de/index.php/download

Now start trying to connect onenet,onenet There seems to be a new version , I haven't tried yet , Later, I tried to record , Here is the idea of the old version , Then everything related to our cloud is in the console

3.1、 Connect MQTT Internet of things Suite - Use MQTTS agreement

Get into MQTT Internet of things Suite

After adding products, follow the prompts to create devices , The whole process is relatively simple , I won't elaborate here

Click on the device to view the device

The official documents contain details about this device ; Detailed description of the connection , As shown below , Links are as follows
https://open.iot.10086.cn/doc/mqtt/

Let me pick the key points and say , If you don't want to read official documents , You can look directly at what I said below

Generally, every cloud needs an account and password , Generally, some strings are added and changed , The government also generally provides some tools , here onenet The tools provided are as follows , Just go to download

Let's use this tool first , Do what we need , I have filled in all the details below

About unix Time stamp , It is a time conversion tool , The use here is once the time exceeds this time , The server will kick out the connected devices , The tool that generates the timestamp can use the following URL
http://www.usey.cn/timestamp

Edit below MQTT.fx Tools

Let's connect

The viewing device has also become online

Now try uploading data , The documents are as follows , You can see that you can upload both data points and data commands

Write and subscribe as required , You can see that the subscription is successful

Subscribe to news , The data format is officially provided , As shown below

{
    
    "id": 123,        
    "dp": {
                 
        "temperatrue": [{
         
            "v": 30,       
            "t": 1552289676
        }],
        "power": [{
         
            "v": 4.5,        
            "t": 1552289676 
        }],
        "status": [{
    
                "v": {
    
                    "color": "blue"
                },
                "t": 1552289677
            },
            {
    
                "v": {
    
                    "color": "red"
                },
                "t": 1552289678
            }
        ]
    }
}

Enter the cloud platform and refresh to view

Let's try to issue a command , The official description is as follows

Subscribe as follows

Enter the distribution page

Edit command send

After entering the software, you can see that the command issued has been received

Now let's reply to the order

It is to send the data immediately after the command cmdid Get it and paste it on the publish page to publish it , You can see that the reception is successful , already OK 了

The information used above

 product ID 489122
 equipment ID 893388762
 Equipment name  lx2035

$sys/{
    pid}/{
    device-name}/dp/post/json  Data point upload format 
$sys/{
    pid}/{
    device-name}/cmd/request/{
    cmdid}  Equipment distribution format 
$sys/{
    pid}/{
    device-name}/cmd/response/{
    cmdid}  The equipment sends the response format 

$sys/489122/lx2035/dp/post/json/+
$sys/489122/lx2035/cmd/request/+
$sys/489122/lx2035/cmd/response/23e0bd09-e385-4a64-8fd4-4fe955fa25ba

3.2、 Use multi protocol access - Use MQTT agreement

Choose multi protocol access , This seems to be the most information I can find , Many choose this method to access , Routines are also very rich

notes ： I use this mqttfx Failed to connect , The reason is unknown , Wait until you succeed in updating this article , Using official tools

Official document address ：
https://open.iot.10086.cn/doc/multiprotocol/book/develop/mqtt/device/doc-tool.html
Create products and devices

Then download the required tools in the official documents

Edit to connect

Go to the device page , You can see that the connection is successful

Next, we will test the data transmission , Subscribe to a topic , The name is arbitrary

Edit data last

data json The format is as follows ：

{
    
    "datastreams": [
        {
    
            "id": "temp",
            "datapoints": [
                {
    
                    "value": 36.5
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

You can see that the data has been received

Let's test the data distribution , Enter and issue the command

Successfully received

3.3、 Access Tencent cloud console

Address the following , This often needs to log in , It has a lot to do with wechat , If not , Please log in with your mobile phone , His cloud is a big one , We use only a small part of it
https://console.cloud.tencent.com/iotexplorer

Then enter the public instance , And then create the project

Then enter product creation , It's a series of processes

Here we build two custom functions , Standard functions are those that everyone has . A normal variable and then a Boolean value

As shown below

Let's see to the rest , I don't know , Just set it up

In the end, all of them are ticked OK 了

good , Now let's go to the document time , After reading this document, you will know how to access the cloud

https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/1081/46507

Here he also provides a distribution network tool to help us access

Download is a compressed package , Then you just need to pay attention to a page in it

The required data is obtained from here

And then in MQTTfx Fill in , If you don't understand it, you can see the data length , It almost means that you have filled it in correctly

Parameter descriptions are also in the document

Click Connect to see the device online

Equipment downlink data . The official documents are described as follows , Be sure to read my scarlet letter

After subscription, it is shown as follows

Publish a visible data

MQTT The end is as follows , Receiving data is normal

Next, report the equipment attributes , The document is described as follows

What needs to be added is in the object model protocol , The following is the sample I used , Because I used two variables

{
    
    "method":"report",
    "clientToken":"123",
    "timestamp":1628646783,
    "params":{
    
        "data1":20.5,
        "data2":1
    }
}

The effect is as follows , You can see that the command was successfully sent

3.4、 Access Alibaba cloud console

website ：https://iot.console.aliyun.com/lk/summary/new
Let's start with the location , Or try searching directly ： Internet of things platform

Create a device under the public instance

Just like Tencent cloud , Add two parameters , Start reporting

Alibaba cloud is doing very well here , Direct copy , Click on MQTT Connection parameters

You can see , You don't need any tools , Direct copy

One to one paste

Then the connection will show that it is online

The following is the data distribution of the equipment , The format is explained in the product

/a1xZ1EhVjDH/${
    deviceName}/user/get  Template 

/a1xZ1EhVjDH/test1/user/get

Click publish

You can see that the message was successfully received

Here is the upload data , Use this to customize topic

The template is as follows

/a1xZ1EhVjDH/${
    deviceName}/user/update
/a1xZ1EhVjDH/test1/user/update

send out

Because it is not the template of the object model , You can see our message in the log

Let's try with the official order , Or two orders

Equipment distribution

You can see that the data is successfully received

Now send it locally to the cloud , The data template is as follows

{
    
    "method": "thing.service.property.set",
    "id": "1469549558",
    "params": {
    
        "led": 0,
        "temp": 36.5
    },
    "version": "1.0.0"
}

Switch to the publishing page , Published as follows

Enter the view , You can see that the modification was successful ！

then stm32 In fact, this is how you subscribe to and send these template data for updating , Write next time. , Wait for me to optimize the code .

4、onenet actual combat

5、 Tencent cloud actual combat

6、 Alibaba cloud actual combat