putty Installation and use

1 install

• putty Is a windows A handy gadget for connecting to a remote server . Download address ： website . Go to the website , Find the following content to download ：

• You can also download the historical version ： History version download .

• You can also download and upload the installation file directly ： website . Download after decompression , double-click .msi Just install the file .

• All the way default during installation , Finally, there will be four more programs , Here's the picture ：

• Where we can open these applications , The default location is ：C:\Program Files\PuTTY, This path has been added to the environment variable , Therefore, you can use the .exe As command , The contents of this folder are as follows ：

• Here is a brief description of the next folder 6 individual .exe Role of documents ：

  • putty.exe： Remote connection server , Most commonly used ;

  • puttygen.exe： Generate public and private keys , Used for password free login to remote server ;

  • psftp.exe： Used in Local 、 remote server Transfer files between ;

  • pscp.exe： and psftp.exe It works the same , But the order is different , The command is similar to linux Medium scp command ;

  • plink.exe： Commands for executing remote servers locally ;

  • pageant.exe： Used to manage secret keys .

• Here is how to use the five tools shown in the above picture .

2 Use

2.1 putty.exe

• This is a putty The most common tools in the suite , The initial interface is as follows ：

• Here, enter the name of the remote server IP Address , And the login port number （SSH The default port number is 22）, Click on Open after , You can log in after entering your account and password in the pop-up interface . Here's the picture ：

• Here is a demonstration of logging in to Alibaba cloud server , The user is called wxx, The password you enter will be hidden （ That is, the password we enter will not display ）.

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• If you want to log in to multiple servers , We can save it as session, Here's the picture , Saved two session（ named ：aliyun、django）：

• Input IP Address 、 port 、 And the session name , Save it at last , Here's the picture ：

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• You can see that after logging in to the terminal , The font is very small , Therefore, it is necessary to set the font size in the terminal , It is likely that after the setting is completed , The next restart will fail , Here's how to avoid this problem .

• I have three in all session（ Two self created , A default Default Settings）, Each needs to be set individually , It can be understood as each session All configurations are independent .

• Here to set aliyun This session For example , It mainly explains how to set the font size of the terminal , Steps are as follows ：

（1） Click on aliyun, And then click Load Button , Here's the picture ：

（2） Click... In the menu bar on the left Window->Appearance, And change the font size , Here's the picture ：

（3） Click... In the menu bar on the left Session, Then click... On the right Save Button , Here's the picture ：

• Then restart in time putty, about aliyun This session, The settings are all effective . Other settings are similar , Just change the number （2） Step by step . For example, after 2.2 Section .

• Be careful ： hinder psftp、pscp、plink Commands are directed at Default Settings This session operational . This will be mentioned later .

2.2 puttygen.exe

• Every time we log in to the remote server, we need to enter the user name and password , In particular, enter the password , Very troublesome , This tool is designed to solve this problem .

• Click on puttygen.exe, The default interface is as follows ：

• Click on Generate Button , The mouse moves freely in the blank space , Generate public and private keys , The demonstration is as follows ：

• The final generated interface here is as follows ：

• You can see that the encryption algorithm uses RSA Algorithm , For the explanation of the algorithm, please refer to ：RSA Public key encryption algorithm . The algorithm generates Public key and Private key , The public key can be made public , The private key cannot be exposed .

• You need to upload the public key to the server , Save the private key locally . Click on the image above Save private key, If a warning box pops up , Click Yes to , Then name the saved private key and save it . The following figure shows the private key to be saved , And public key （ Copy directly to txt Then you can ）：

• The location of my public key and private key in the computer is as follows （ The private key is generated by clicking the button , The public key is new txt file , And then copy the content into ）：

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• Then you can configure password free login , First log in to the server with your user name and password , establish .ssh Folder , Create in folder authorized_keys file , This file is used to store the public key generated before （ You can store multiple public keys ）, The order is as follows ：

mkdir .ssh
cd .ssh
touch authorized_keys

• Then copy the previously generated public key to the file authorized_keys in .

• After that, you need to configure the password free login session, Set only the （2） Step operation is different , Here's the picture ：

• Remember to save the settings later .

• Then log in , You can find , Just enter the user name to log in to the remote server , Here's the picture ：

2.3 psftp.exe

• Used to transfer files between local and server , Can be in cmd Enter the command directly in the window psftp, You need to enter a user name 、 Password to log in . If in putty Password free login is configured in , You only need to enter the user name .

• Be careful ： The default remote server connected here is putty in Default Settings The corresponding server in .

• The interface entered by using this command is as follows , Can pass help View the commands provided ：

• Common commands ：

pwd			#  Display the current directory in the remote server 
cd			#  Switch directories on the remote server 
ls			#  Show files in the remote server folder 

lpwd		#  Display the current directory in the local 
lcd			#  Switch directories locally 
!dir		#  Show files in local folder 

put			#  Upload local file to server 
get			#  Download the server file to the local 

• file 、 Transfer of folders ：

（1） Upload local files to the server （D:\psftp\local_file.txt --> /home/wxx/）：

put d:\psftp\local_file.txt

（2） Download files from the remote server to the local （/home/wxx/.bashrc --> D:\psftp\）

lcd d:\psftp		#  Local directory switching 
get .bashrc

（3） Upload the local folder to the server （D:\psftp\local_test\ --> /home/wxx/）：

put -r d:\psftp\local_test

（4） Download the folder on the remote server to the local （/home/wxx/.ssh/ --> D:\psftp\）

lcd d:\psftp		#  Local directory switching 
get -r .ssh

2.4 pscp.exe

• and psftp The functions are basically the same , For file transfer between local and remote .

• Another server is used here django demonstration , This server is through docker Built , Set up in aliyun Server , Port mapping ,aliyun Upper 20000 The port is mapped to docker Inside 22 port .

• If no port is specified , Then the port is putty in Default Settings This session Corresponding port .

• file 、 Transfer of folders （ Directly in cmd Enter the following command in ）：

（1） Upload local files to the server （D:\psftp\local_file.txt --> /home/acs/）：

pscp -P 20000 d:\psftp\local_file.txt [email protected]:/home/acs/

（2） Download files from the remote server to the local （/home/acs/.bashrc --> D:\psftp\）

pscp -P 20000 [email protected]:/home/acs/.bashrc d:\psftp\

（3） Upload the local folder to the server （D:\psftp\local_test\ --> /home/acs/）：

pscp -P 20000 -r d:\psftp\local_test [email protected]:/home/acs/

（4） Download the folder on the remote server to the local （/home/acs/.ssh/ --> D:\psftp\）

pscp -P 20000 -r [email protected]:/home/acs/.ssh d:\psftp\

2.5 plink.exe

• Commands for executing remote servers locally , Directly in cmd It can be executed in .

• If no port is specified , Then the port is putty in Default Settings This session Corresponding port .

• Execute locally aliyun Command on ：

plink -P 22 [email protected] "ls -al"

• Execute locally django Command on ：

plink -P 20000 [email protected] "ls -al"