Go language interface learning notes Continued

         Last time, I mentioned interface nesting , Empty interface, etc , This time I'll make up .

         I just learned Go Language soon , I want to write my understanding of the interface , If there are mistakes or better understanding methods , Please correct me .

One 、 Multiple types / Interface

There is a one to many relationship between interface and type

1.1 Multi type and single interface

         seeing the name of a thing one thinks of its function , An interface can implement multiple types , Call of duty is used here cod Let's give you an example ：

// Define a Sony platform 
type sony struct {
	console string
}

// Define a Microsoft platform 
type microsoft struct {
	console string
}

// Define the interface of a game 
type game interface {
	cod()
}

//PS Platform cod
func (p sony) cod() {
	fmt.Printf(" I am a %s The emperor of Western Europe \n", p.console)
}

//xbox Platform cod
func (x microsoft) cod() {
	fmt.Printf(" I am a %s The emperor of Western Europe , I was acquired \n", x.console)
}

        Here I define SONY and Microsoft Two structural platforms to store their hosts , Defined a game Interface , There's a cod Methods .

         And here are two ways , One is SONY Realization cod The interface of , One is Microsoft Realization cod The interface of .

         So as to realize whether it is ps5 still Xbox Series X, It can play cod, It's just cod The platform is different ：

func main() {
	// Declare interface ,cod It's a FPS game 
	var FPS game
	
	// Instantiate Sony ps5
	PS5 := sony{
		console: "ps5",
	}
	// Instantiate Microsoft xbox
	XBOX := microsoft{
		console: "Xbox Series X",
	}
	// Calling method 
	FPS = XBOX
	FPS.cod()
	FPS = PS5
	FPS.cod()
}

1.2 Single type and multiple interfaces

        Similar to the above , Direct example ：

// Define a FPS Game interface 
type FPS interface {
	fps()
}

// Define a RPG Game interface 
type RPG interface {
	rpg()
}

// Define a Microsoft structure 
type Microsoft struct {
	console string
}

// Define a fps Methods ,xbox Now you can play cod
func (m Microsoft) fps() {
	fmt.Printf("cod available now on %s\n", m.console)
}

// Define a rpg Methods ,xbox Now you can play the legend of Breaking Dawn 
func (m Microsoft) rpg() {
	fmt.Printf("Tales of Arise available now on %s\n", m.console)
}

func main() {
    // Statement FPS Interface 
	var fps FPS
    // Statement RPG Interface 
	var rpg RPG
    // Instantiation Xbox host 
	xbox := Microsoft{
		console: "xbox",
	}
    // call 
	fps = xbox
	rpg = xbox
	fps.fps()
	rpg.rpg()
}

         The above realizes Microsoft xbox This structure implements two interfaces ,rpg and fps,xbox Can play cod, Can also play The legend of dawn .

         adopt 1.2 Can lead to the next part , Interface nesting .

1.3 Interface nesting

        seeing the name of a thing one thinks of its function , One interface is nested with another or more interfaces to create new interfaces , Modify the above code ：

type allGames interface {
	FPS
	RPG
}

type FPS interface {
	fps()
}

type RPG interface {
	rpg()
}

type Microsoft struct {
	console string
}

func (m Microsoft) fps() {
	fmt.Printf("cod available now on %s\n", m.console)
}

func (m Microsoft) rpg() {
	fmt.Printf("Tales of Arise available now on %s\n", m.console)
}

func main() {
	var games allGames
	xbox := Microsoft{
		console: "xbox",
	}
	games = xbox
	games = xbox
	games.fps()
	games.rpg()
}

         Define another allGames The interface of , hold RPG and FPS Interface nesting .

        Finally, just state allGames Can also call FPS and RPG

Two 、 Empty interface

        The empty interface is different from the previous interface , It's a little special . An empty interface is an interface without a method defined .

        Any type or variable can implement an empty interface , Empty interfaces can be of any type . for instance ：

var x interface{}

func main() {
	s := "hello world"
	x = s
	fmt.Println(x)
}

         An empty interface is defined here , stay main I will string s Assign a value to x Empty interface , At this time x It's a string type . Empty functions can be used as parameters of functions , It can also be used as map Value , image python Define a dictionary and use . Let's not give an example here .

summary ：

         An essay with a little idea suddenly , The above is just a little bit of my superficial understanding , If you show timidity, please correct ！

        This is a note with a lot of smuggled goods .