Selenium browser (2)

summary

In addition to opening and closing the browser 、 Locate outside the page element , The more important part is to visit the page and get the relevant information of the browser , It mainly includes getting the title of the browser 、URL、 obtain cookies、 Call the warning window of the browser 、 Browser navigation and switching windows 、 Tabs, etc .

function

Page navigation

The navigation function of the browser mainly includes accessing 、 Forward 、 back off 、 Refresh four parts . This is also the function that most browsers must realize .

1、 visit URL

driver.get("https://blog.csdn.net")

2、 back off

driver.back()

3、 Forward

driver.forward()

4、 page refresh

driver.refresh()

Get page information

Every time you open a page , The browser will store information about the page . This mainly includes the title of the browser page and URL.

1、 Get the title

driver.title

2、 obtain URL

driver.current_url

Cookie

cookie, It's some websites to identify users , Conduct Session Tracking data stored on the user's local terminal （ Usually encrypted ）, Information temporarily or permanently saved by the user's client computer . if necessary cookie To identify users , You need to cookie To operate .

1、 add to cookie

cookie_dict = {"name":"key", "value": "value"}
driver.add_cookie(cookie_dict)

among ,cookie Of sameSite Property allows the user to guide the browser to control cookie, Whether to send with the request initiated by the third-party site . It was introduced to prevent CSRF（ Cross-site request forgery ） attack . When sameSite Property is set to Strict,cookie Will not be sent with requests from third-party websites ; When sameSite Property is set to Lax, cookie Will be initiated with third-party websites GET Request sent together .

cookie_dict = {"name":"key", "value": "value", 'sameSite': 'Strict'}
driver.add_cookie(cookie_dict)

2、 Get a single cookie

driver.get_cookie("key")

3、 Get all cookie

driver.get_cookies()

4、 Removing a single cookie

driver.delete_cookie("key")

5、 Delete all cookie

driver.delete_all_cookies()

Switch Frame

1、 adopt element Switch

#  Store web page elements 
iframe = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#modal > iframe")
#  Switch to the selected  iframe
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)

2、 adopt name or id Property to switch . If frame or iframe have id or name attribute , You can use this property . If the name or id It's not unique on the page , So switch to the first one you find .

#  adopt  id  Switch frames 
driver.switch_to.frame('buttonframe')

3、 Use index to switch .

#  Switch to... Based on index  2  individual  iframe
iframe = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('iframe')[1]

4、 Switch back to the original frame.

#  Switch back to the default 
driver.switch_to.default_content()

Switch windows or tabs

1、 Create and switch new tabs or windows

#  Open a new window and switch to a new window 
driver.switch_to.new_window("window")

#  Open a new tab and switch to a new tab 
driver.switch_to.new_window("tab")

2、 Switch back to the original tab or window

original_window = driver.current_window_handle
driver.switch_to.window(original_window)

3、 Close label or window

driver.close()

Window management

1、 Get window size

driver.get_window_size()

2、 Set window size

size = (1024, 768)
driver.set_window_size(size)

3、 Get the window position

driver.get_window_position()

4、 Set the window position

position = (100, 100)
driver.set_window_position(position)

5、 Maximum and minimum windows

#  Maximize 
driver.maximize_window()
#  To minimize the 
driver.minimize_window()

6、 Full screen mode

driver.fullscreen_window()

7、 Window capture

driver.save_screenshot('./image.png')

8、 Screenshot of an element in the window

element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'h1')
element.screenshot('./image.png')