Of course, the most widely used 8-bit single chip microcomputer is also the single chip microcomputer that beginners are most easy to learn

How to teach yourself 51 MCU for practical answers , Better be specific ？

1. Find a book 51 Book of single chip microcomputer , Read the book about once first .

2. Then buy a development board , Start with the lighting program and run one routine by one .

3. Modifying routines , For example, change the electric light program to water light .

4. Read the book carefully .

The most important thing is hands-on ability , Write program . If you encounter something you can't do, check online .

51 Single chip microcomputer

The most widely used 8 Of course, bit MCU is also the most easy for beginners to learn , The earliest by Intel Introduction , Because of its typical structure and perfect bus special register centralized management , Numerous logic bit operation functions and control oriented rich instruction system , It's a generation “ classic ”, For the future development of other single-chip computers laid the foundation .

The article is relatively long , More words , You can first open the avatar and pay attention to me , Then take your time ,/// Insert a ： At the beginning of this year, I recorded a set of systematic introductory single chip microcomputer tutorial , If you want, just ask me for it. It's free , I can send a private message ~ Click the black font in the lower left corner of my avatar and I can also get it . I've been relatively idle recently , Take me to finish the design , Take students to provincial or above competitions ///

51 The reason why SCM has become a classic , The main characteristics of a single chip computer that is easy to use are as follows ：

characteristic ：

1. From internal hardware to software, there is a complete set of bitwise operating system , It's called a bit processor , The processing object is not a word or a byte but a bit . It can not only process some bits of some special function registers in the chip , Such as transmission 、 Set up 、 Zero clearing 、 Testing, etc , It can also perform bit logic operations , Its function is very complete , Easy to use .

2. At the same time in the film RAM Interval also opens up a dual function address interval , Very flexible to use , This function undoubtedly provides users with great convenience ,

3. Multiplication and division instructions , This also brings convenience to programming . Many eight bit microcontrollers do not have multiplication function , When doing multiplication, you have to make a subroutine call , It's very inconvenient .

shortcoming ：（ Although it's classic, its disadvantages are obvious ）

1. AD、EEPROM And other functions need to be expanded , Increased hardware and software burden

2. although I/O Feet are easy to use , But high power usually has no output capacity , This is also 51 The biggest weakness of series single chip microcomputer

3. Running too slow , Especially the double data pointer , If it can be improved, it will bring great convenience to programming

4. 51 Poor protection , It's easy to burn chips

Range of application ：

At present, it is widely used in teaching occasions and occasions with low performance requirements

The most used devices ：8051、80C51

understand 8051 Micro controller products ： All round analysis “ A long time in the sand ” Of 8051 framework MCU

MSP430 Single chip microcomputer

MSP430 Series MCU is Texas Instruments 1996 A type of product that was introduced to the market in 16 Bit ultra low power mixed signal processor , The biggest bright spot left for people is low power consumption and high speed , assembly language It's very flexible to use , There are many ways of addressing , There are few instructions , Easy to use . Mainly due to its practical application requirements , Put a lot of Analog Circuits 、 Digital circuits and microprocessors are integrated in one chip , In order to provide “ monolithic ” Solution . Its rapid development and the continuous expansion of the scope of application , Mainly depends on the following characteristics …

characteristic ：

1. Strong processing power , With a reduced instruction set （RISC） structure , It has rich addressing methods （ 7 Source operand addressing 、 4 Destination operand addressing ）、 concise 27 Kernel instructions and a large number of analog instructions ; A large number of registers and on-chip data memory can participate in a variety of operations ; There are also efficient table lookup processing instructions ; There is a higher processing speed , stay 8MHz The period of instruction driven by crystal is 125 ns . These features ensure that efficient source programs can be developed

2. In terms of computing speed , Can be in 8MHz Driven by crystal , Realization 125ns Instruction cycle of . 16 Data width of bits 、 125ns Instruction cycle and multi-functional hardware multiplier （ It can realize multiplication and addition ） Match , Some algorithms that can realize digital signal processing （ Such as FFT etc. ）

3. Ultra low power consumption ,MSP430 The reason why SCM has ultra-low power consumption , Because it has its unique features in reducing the power supply voltage of the chip and flexible and controllable operation clock . The supply voltage is 1.8~3.6V voltage . So it can be made in 1MHz When running under clock condition , The current on the chip will be 200~400uA about , The minimum power consumption of clock off mode is 0.1uA

shortcoming ：

1. I don't think it's easy , Not suitable for beginners , The information is also relatively small , I can only go to the official website to find

2. It takes up a lot of instruction space , the reason being that 16 Bit MCU , The program is in words , Some orders even occupy 6

Bytes . Although the program is simple on the surface , But with pic SCM takes up a lot of space

Range of application ：

In low power and ultra-low power industrial applications more

The most used devices ：MSP430F series 、MSP430G2 series 、MSP430L09 series

Consider the following aspects

1, Own economic affordability .

Tell the truth , How can I learn SCM , Yes 51 In terms of MCU , How many are the minimum systems LED, Several keys , A hole board , A reference book , E-books are ok , You can basically learn all the peripherals , If you persist for a few more weeks , I'm almost done . After a certain foundation , Buy a few more advanced modules , Learn about common protocols , Finally, it's advanced , Then learn high-end MCU , Strong learning ability , With plenty of time , This process can be completed in half a year .

2, Own learning ability , and C Language foundation .

If the foundation is good , Strong learning ability , Don't want to spend more money , Just refer to 1 Conduct . conversely , It's better to buy one with more functions , Development version with detailed information , But we don't recommend those development versions that integrate many partial no wonder modules , Some modules , Maybe you can't use it after one year of study and one year of project , It just increases the cost , Increase the pressure of learning .

The following modules are more necessary in my personal opinion

Output devices :

LED * 8, Nixie tube *4/8, Display screen 12864/OLED, Buzzer , input device , Independent buttons *8, Matrix key , other , Recommended ,AD Conversion module /EEPROM Study IIC For bus

It's almost enough to have these , The development version doesn't need to be too big , Too expensive ,,, Too many functions are also wasted